Carson, Christopher
Christopher (1808-1868), known usually as "Kit" Carson, a celebrated American trapper, guide, and soldier. He was born in Madison County, Kentucky, December 24, 1808. He died at Fort Lynn, Colorado, May 23, 1868. When a lad he was set to learn the saddler's trade, but forsook it for a hunting expedition. He served Fremont as a guide. In 1847 he was sent to Washington with dispatches, and received an appointment as an American scout. In 1853 he drove a flock of 6,500 sheep overland to California. He served for a time as an Indian agent in New Mexico . During the Civil War he served in the army and was made a brigadier-general. Carson City, Nevada, was named for him. See Fremont
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Cart
a two-wheeled vehicle drawn by a single animal. The cart is one of the most primitive of vehicles. The farm cart is a clumsy affair without springs. The box may be opened at the rear, and is so balanced on a rude hinge that by unhooking the front end it may be tipped backward to dump the contents. This form of a cart has been long in use for the conveyance of wood, manure, and for other farm work. A cart has never been considered a dignified conveyance. In London, criminals were conveyed in a cart to Tyburn for execution. Minor offenders were tied by the hands to the cart's tail and flogged through the public streets. Whittier, it may be remembered, speaks of Old Floyd Ireson for his hard heart Tarred and feathered and carried in a cart By the women of Marblehead. Of late, however, the term has been applied as well to a stylish, light, runabout vehicle with springs, intermediate between the chaise and the sulky. See Cab ; Carriage
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Cartagena (Capital of the state)
capital of the state of Bolivar, Republic of Colombia; on a sandy island off the N. coast, to the S. W. of the mouth of the Magda- , and communicates by four bridges lena with its suburb, Jessemani, on the mainland. Though it has the best harbor on the coast, its trade has greatly fallen off since the rise of Sabanilla. The streets are narrow, with high houses, but the place is well built, and possesses a college, a handsome cathedral, and several churches. Founded in 1533, it was burned by Drake in 1585, but in 1741 repulsed an attack by Admiral Vernon. In 1815 the royalist General Morillo reduced the place by hunger, after a brave defense, but in 1821 it was again freed from the Spanish yoke. Pop., about 37,000.
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Cartagena (CARTHAGENA a fortified town)
or CARTHAGENA, a fortified town and seaport of Spain, in the province of and 31 miles S. S. E. of Murcia, with a harbor which is one of the largest and safest in the Mediterranean, sheltered by lofty hills. The town is surrounded by a wall; the principal streets are spacious and regular. When Spain was in a more flourishing condition Cartagena carried on a more extensive commerce than now, having also a greater population. It is still a naval and military station, with an arsenal, dockyards, etc. Lead smelting is largely carried on, and there are in the neighborhood rich mines of excellent iron. Esparto grass, lead, iron ore, oranges, etc., are exported. Formerly very unhealthy, it has been greatly improved by draining. Cartagena was founded by by the Carthaginians under Hasdrubal about 288 B. C., and was called New Carthage. It was taken by Scipio Africanus, 210 B. C., and was long an important Roman town. It was ruined by the Goths, and revived in the time of Philip II. 'Pop. about 105,000.
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Cartago
a town of Cauca, in Colombia, foun founded in 1540, on the Rio Rio Viejo, three miles above its junction with the Cauca, and producing cocoa, tobacco, and coffee. Pop. about 10,000.
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Cartago
a town of Costa Rica, 12 miles E. of the present capital, San José, on a plain to the S. of the constantly smoking volcano of Irazú (11,500 feet). Founded in 1522, the place had 23,000 inhabitants in 1823, and was capital of the state till 1841, when it was all but destroyed by an earthquake. Pop., about 5,000.
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Cartel
an agreement for the delivery of prisoners or deserters. Cartelship, a ship commissioned in time of war to exchange prisoners.
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Carter
LESLIE, an American actress, born in Lexington, Ky., in 1862. She made her first appearance on the stage in 1890 in "The Ugly Duckling." Under the tuition of David Belasco she acquired great dramatic skill and her appearance in 1895 in "The Heart of Maryland" made an immense sensation. This was followed in 1898 by "Zaza" and in 1901 by "Du Barry." In 1910 she ap appeared in in a play entitled "Two Women." She has also played in some of the plays by George Bernard Shaw.
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Carteret
SIR GEORGE (kärtra' or kar-ter-et'), kar-ter-et'), one of the proprietors of New Jersey, born on the island of Jersey in 1599. He had a distinguished career in the British Navy, although he was expelled from the House of Commons on a charge of misappropriation of navy funds. He early manifested an interest in colonization and became, with Sir John Berkeley, one of the proprietors of New Jersey. He died Jan. 14, 1679.
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Carteret (II)
JOHN, EARL GRAN- VILLE, British statesman, born April 22, 1690. He received his education at Westminster School and Christ Church College, Oxford. Entering the House of Lords in 1711, as second Baron Carteret, he espoused the side of the Whigs, and in 1714 made his first speech in the House of Lords in support of the Protestant Succession. In 1719 he was appointed by Stanhope ambassador extraordinary to Sweden, and succeeded in arranging two treaties of peace, the first between Sweden, Hanover, and Prussia, and the second between Denmark and Sweden. In 1721 he was appointed to one of the two foreign secretaryships, that for the "Southern Department" of Europe. In 1724 Carteret was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, serving until 1726, and again from 1729 to 1730. Though he came into collision with Swift the two beover the Drapier prosecution came warm friends before Carteret left Ireland. Between 1730 and 1742 Carteret took the lead in the House of Lords of the party opposed to Sir Robert Walpole. When this opposition succeeded in overthrowing Walpole, Carteret became the real head of the administration, but was driven from power by the Pelhams in 1744, about a month after he became Earl Granville on the death of his mother. He died in London, Jan. 2, 1763.
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