Carthage
CAPE, a headland of north Africa, jutting out into the Mediterranean, in 36° 52′ N. lat., 10° 22′ E. lon., with traces of the ancient city of Carthage to the N. of the Tunis lagoon.
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Single-source entries: C (38)
These 9 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Carthage, Carthage, Cartier.
Carthage
city and county-seat of Jasper co., Mo., on the St. Louis and San Francisco, and the Missouri Pacific railroads, 300 miles S. W. of St. Louis. It is the center of an extensive lead region, and has zinc mines, stone and lime works, flour mills, machine shops and foundries, churches, public library, parks, electric railways and light, National banks, several daily and weekly newspapers, public schools, etc. Carthage was the scene of a battle, fought July 5, 1861, between a Federal army under General Sigel, and Confederates under Generals Parsons and Rains, in which the former was defeated. Pop. (1910) 9,483; (1920) 10,068.
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Cartier
JACQUES, French a navigator, born in St. Malo, Dec. 31, 1494. He commanded an expedition to North America in 1534, entered the Straits of Belle Isle, and took possession of the mainland of Canada in the name of Francis I. Next year he sailed up the St. Lawrence as far as the present Montreal. He subsequently went to found a settlement in Canada, and built a fort near the site of Quebec. He died about 1554.
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Cartridge
a ready-made charge for a gun. In early days, powder, a wad, a bullet or shot, and a second wad were rammed home from the muzzle in succession. In the earlier cartridges for muzzle loading the lead occupied one end of a paper cylinder, the powder the other. The soldier inserted the cartridge between his teeth, tore a hole in the powder end, poured the powder into the gun, and then rammed lead and paper after it. Modern cartridges for breech-loaders are furnished with metal and pasteboard shells. A fulminating cap is placed in the metal shell, so that, on being struck by the hammer, a spark discharges the powder. Shells are recapped and reloaded. They are described in accordance with the amount and kind of powder, the amount and size of the lead, and the caliber or diameter of the cylinder. See Rifle ; Ammunition ; Powder ; Sepoy
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Cartwright
JOHN, the "Father of Reform," was born in Marnham, England, Sept. 17, 1740. At 18 he entered the navy, saw some service under Howe, and in 1766 was gazetted first-lieutenant of the "Guernsey" at the Newfoundland station. He returned in 1770, and was appointed in 1775 major to the Notts militia. He then began to think and write on political questions, and found himself unable to take service under Lord Howe in North America. From the beginning he advocated annual parliaments, vote by ballot, and manhood suffrage, and throughout his busy life he advocated with equal ardor causes so different as reform in farming, abolition of slavery, the foundation of a Valhalla for English seamen, the improvement of national defenses, and the liberties of Spain and Greece. Cartwright was fined £100 for sedition in 1820. He died in London, Sept. 23, 1824.
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Cartwright, Peter
kart'rit, Peter (1785-1872), a famous circuit preacher. He was a native of Virginia. He died at Pleasant Plains, Illinois. In 1806 he was ordained by the Methodist church of Kentucky. He was a famous outdoor revivalist, a power in the camp meetings for which pioneer Kentucky and Illinois were noted. He was a man of ready wit, earnest eloquence, and sound common sense, but withal somewhat eccentric. On one occasion, it is related, he came down from the pulpit and threshed a rowdy who was disturbing the meeting. He then went back to the pulpit and finished his discourse. His rough and ready ways gave him a strong hold on the settlers. He sat in the legislature of Illinois. In 1846 Abraham Lincoln defeated him in an election for Congressman. In his Autobiography he tells us that he traveled sixty-five years, baptized over 12,000 persons, and preached over 15,000 sermons. See Methodists
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Carus
PAUL, an American journalist and philosophical writer; born at Ilsenburg, Germany, July 18, 1852. He was educated at Strassburg and Tübingen, but most of his life work was done in Chicago. There he was editor of the "Open Court" and the "Monist." He was a prolific and able writer on philosophical and religious themes, from the standpoint of a pronounced freethinker. His publications include "The Soul of Man" (1891), "Monism and Meliorism" (1891), "The Religion of Science" (1893), "God: An Inquiry into Man's Highest Ideals" (1908), "The Mechanistic Theory and the Non-Mechanical" (1913), "Nietzsche and Other Exponents of Individualism" (1914). He died at La Salle, Ill., Feb. 11, 1919. ENRICO CARUSO
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Caruso
ENRICO, an Italian operatic tenor; born at Naples, Feb. 25, 1873. As a child, his voice attracted attention, and when only 11 years old he was singing in a church at Naples. He was taken in hand by singing masters of note, and for three years was a pupil of Vergine, Concone, and Lamperti. His début as an opera singer was made at the Nuovo Teatro, Naples, in 1894, in "L'Amico Francesco." He made a tour of Italy and was engaged for four seasons at La Scala, Milan. It was not until 1896, however, that he had a great triumph in "Traviata" at the Teatro del Fondo, Naples, and the opera world realized that a new star had arisen. Offers of engagements were showered upon him, and he sang in the chief capitals of Europe and South America. He came to the United States in 1903 and was hailed as the greatest tenor of the age. Since that time he sang every season in New York. The power, range, and beauty of his voice put him practically beyond comparison with any living tenor. He had a repertoire of over forty operas. He created rôles in Giordano's "Fedora," Mascagni's "Le Maschere," Puccini's "Boheme," "Madame Butterfly," and "The Girl of the Golden West." Between the New York seasons, Caruso often filled engagements in Europe and America. He died on Aug. 2, 1921.
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Carver
JOHN, a "Pilgrim Father," the first governor of the Plymouth colony, born in England, about 1575. He joined the Leyden colony of English exiles about 1608, and as their agent assisted in securing a charter from the Virginia Company and in selecting and equipping the "Mayflower." He was elected governor probably Nov. 11, 1620, of July 28, 1883, the after the "Mayflower" reached Provincetown, showed great ability and judgment in governing the infant colony after the landing at Plymouth, and established by a treaty with the Indians peaceful relations that remained for many years undisturbed. He was re-elected in March, 1621, but died a few days afterward. His chair and sword are still preserved as Pilgrim relics.
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