Each of these 12 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a pass of southern Italy, in the form of two lofty forkshaped defiles, in the Apennines (now called the valley of Arpaia), into which a Roman army was enticed by the Samnites, 321 B. C., and being hemmed in was forced to surrender.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
An abyss at the summit of the Peak of Teneriffe. A stone cast into the gulf resounds as though a copper vessel were being struck by a huge hammer, and on this account its name has been bestowed on it by the Spaniards. The natives of the Island are persuaded that the infernal regions are there, where dwell for ever the souls of the wicked.
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
of a ship, driving a quantity of oakum into the seams of the planks in the ship's decks or sides in to prevent the entrance of water. After the oakum is driven very hard into these seams it is covered with hot melted pitch to keep the water from rotting it.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a river of Venezuela, over 400 miles long, rises among the sierras of the frontier, and flows N. N. W. to the Orinoco.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Divination by fire. It is a happy presage when combustible objects cast into the fire do not burn. Cazotte, Jacques (1720-1792): A French romance writer, and the reputed author of the famous Prophétie de Cazotte, concerning the Revolution. His sympathies were not with the revolutionary party. His letters were seized, and he and his daughter Elizabeth thrown into prison. During the September massacres , Elizabeth saved his life by flinging herself between him and the cut-throats who sought to kill him. He escaped, but was re-arrested, condemned, and beheaded. He was the author of the celebrated occult romance Le Diable Amoureux.
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
a watering-place in the department of Hautes-Pyrénées, France, 3,250 feet above sea-level, in the valley of the Laverdan, 42 miles S. S. E. of kinds of fruits, grain of every descrip- Pau. The stationary population of the place is only about 1,500, but it is annually swelled in summer by about 50,000 visitors, for whose accommodation numerous sumptuous hotels and bathingestablishments have been built. It is a good center and guide-station for ascents among the Pyrenees. The sulphurous springs, 25 in number, and varying in temperature from 60° to 131° F., are the most abundant in the Pyrenees (330,000 gallons per day), and have been known from Roman times; though their modern reputation dates from the 16th century, when Margaret, sister of Francis I., held her literary court and wrote much of her "Heptameron" at Cauterets.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a river in Chile; flows W. through a province named after it, and empties into the Pacific Ocean. Its length is about 200 miles. The province of Cautin has an area of 6,381 square miles; pop. about 165,000; capital, Temuco (pop. about 32,000).
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a river of Cuba, rising in the province of Santiago de Cuba, and after a northwesterly course of about 20 miles, flowing W. into Buena Esperanza Bay. It is about 125 miles long and is navigable for small boats for about 75 miles.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
an Italian city in the southern province of Salerno, situated three miles N. W. of the city of that name. It contains a cathedral, several other churches, a seminary and a convent. The principal manufactures are silk, cotton, and linen. About a mile from the town is the great Benedictine Convent of the Trinity, founded by St. Alferius in 1025. The town is a popular spring and summer resort. Pop. about 24,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
LOUIS EUGÈNE, a French general, born in Paris, Oct. 15, 1802. His father, Jean Baptiste Cavaiwas a furious revolutionist and member of the Council of Five Hundred. Young Cavaignac in 1824 joined the 2d Regiment of Engineers, and being at Arras on the outbreak of the revolution of 1830, he was the first officer in his regiment to declare for the new order of things. In 1832 he was sent to Africa, where he remained for several years, and greatly distinguished himself. When the revolution of 1848 broke out Cavaignac was appointed Governor-General of Algeria; but on being elected a member of the Constituent Assembly he returned to Paris and was appointed Minister of War. At the outbreak of the June insurrection Cavaignac was appointed dictator, with unlimited powers. By the energy of Cavaignac, aided by the loyalty of the army and the National Guard, the insurrection was suppressed. Toward the close of the year he became a candi- Even in reconnoitering cavalry has been date for the presidency of the republic, but was defeated by Louis Napoleon. After the coup d'état of Dec. 2, 1851, he was arrested and conveyed to the fortress of Ham, but was liberated after about a month's detention. In 1852 and in 1857 he was elected member for Paris of the legislative body, but on both occasions was incapacitated from taking his seat by refusing to take the oath of allegiance to the Emperor. He died in Sarthe, Oct. 28, 1857.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
GUIDO (kav-al-kan' tē), a Florentine poet, born about 1246. He married Beatrice, daughter of Farinata degli Uberti (chief of the Ghibelline faction at Florence); but he himself seems to have had leanings toward the Guelph party; for, becoming too intimate with the followers of the Cerchi, he was banished (June 24, 1300), along with the others, to Sarzana. As a poet he was, until the coming of Dante, the head of that school of poetry which had been founded by Guinicelli of Bologna, a school which delighted in philosophical, mystical sentiment. His writings are confined chiefly to sonnets, canticles, and ballads. His best known poem is his canzone on the "Nature of Love." Among his contemporaries his epicurean philosophy gained him suspicion of atheism. Cavalcanti's friendship with Dante, one of the most interesting things about his life, took the delightful form of exchange of sonnets; and to it we owe of both. some of the most delicate work He died in Florence in 1300.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a term akin to cavalry. It was applied to the gay followers of the Stuarts during the great Civil War in England by way of distinction from the somber, austere followers of Cromwell. Their best side is turned toward us by Macaulay in his celebrated Essay on Milton: Thinking as we do that the cause of the King was the cause of bigotry and tyranny, we yet cannot refrain from looking with complacency on the character of the honest old Cavaliers. . . . It was not for a treacherous king or an intolerant church that they fought, but for the old banner which had waved in so many battles over the heads of their fathers, and for the altars at which they had received the hands of their brides. Though nothing could be more erroneous than their political opinions, they possessed, in a far greater degree than their adversaries, those qualities which are the grace of private life. With many of the vices of the Round Table, they had also many of its virtues, courtesy, generosity, veracity, tenderness, and respect for women. They had far more both of profound and of polite learning than the Puritans. Their manners were more engaging, their tempers more amiable, their tastes more elegant, and their households more cheerful.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia