Cavy
. See Guinea Pig
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Single-source entries: C (40)
Each of these 14 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Cawdor
a village in Nairnshire, Scotland, 5½ miles S. W. of Nairn. Cawdor Castle, near by, the seat of the Earl of Cawdor, was founded in 1454, but is one of the three places which tradition has assigned as the scene of King Duncan's murder by Macbeth in 1040. Pop. about 900.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Caxamarca
or CAJAMARCA (kähä-märkä), a department and town of of Peru; area of the department 12,538 square miles; pop. about 443,000. The town is situated about 70 miles from the Pacific Ocean, 280 N. of Lima. Pop. about 10,000. It was the scene of the imprisonment and murder of Atahualpa, the last of the Incas.
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Caxton
WILLIAM, an English printer and and scholar, born in the Weald of Kent, about 1422. His "Recuyell (collection) of the Histories of Troy," translated by him from the French, appears to have been printed in 1474. It was the first book in English reproduced by typography. He set up a printing-office in Westminster, 1477; and on Nov. 18 of that year issued "The Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers," folio, a work ever memorable as the first book printed in England. He printed in all 99 separate works, very many of them translated by him from the French; his translations even of Latin classic authors were made, not directly from the original language, language, but from French versions. He died in 1491.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cayenne
a fortified seaport, capital of French Guiana, on an island at the mouth of a river of the same name. A new town is connected with the older portion by the Place d'Armes, bordered with orange trees. The harbor is the best on the coast, but insecure and shallow. Cayenne is the entrepôt of all the trade of the colony and was formerly chiefly known as a great French penal settlement. The climate is extremely unwholesome for Europeans. The French took possession of the island in 1604, and again, after it had been held by the English and Dutch, in 1677. Pop. about 14,000. CAYENNE PEPPER. See CAPSICUM.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cayes
or AUX CAYES (ki), a seaport of Haiti, on the S. W. coast, 95 miles W. S. W. of Port-au-Prince. Pop. about 15,000.
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Cayman Islands
three islands situated about 140 miles N. W. of Jamaica, of which they are dependencies. Grand Cayman, the largest and the only one inhabited, is 17 miles long and from 4 to 7 broad, and has two towns or villages. The inhabitants, about 6,000 in number, partly descendants of the buccaneers, are chiefly employed in catching turtle. The other two islands are Little Cayman and Cayman Brac. Total area, 225 square miles.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cayuga Lake
a lake of central New York, noted for the picturesque scenery of its surroundings. It is a resort for tourists, navigable for small vessels; 38 miles long. CEARÁ (thā-ā-rä'), a state of Brazil, on the N. coast, with an area of 40,253 square miles, and about 1,500,000 inhabitants. The interior presents a succession of wooded hills and wide plateaus; cattle-raising is an important industry; cotton, coffee, and sugar are largely The capital, Ceará, or Fortaleza, had grown; and iron and gold are found. formerly only an open roadstead, but extensive harbor improvements, with breakwater and viaduct, have been provided. It is the terminus of a railway to Baturité and has a large trade. Pop. about 50,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cayuse
ki-us'. See Mustang
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Cebu
one of the Philippine Islands, between Luzon and Mindanao, 135 miles long, with an extreme width of 30 miles. The chief products are sugar, hemp, tobacco, cotton, and rice. Area, 1,782 square miles. Pop. about 650,000. The town of Cebu, on the E. coast of the island, the oldest Spanish settlement in the Philippines, is a place of considerable trade, and has a cathedral and several churches. It is about 360 miles from Manila and has a population of about 46,000. There are valuable and extensive coal deposits near the town.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cebus
a genus of American monkeys, characterized by a round head and short muzzle, a facial angle of about 60°, long thumbs, and a long, prehensile tail, entirely covered with hair. The species are numerous, all of a very lively disposition and gregarious habits, living in trees. They feed chiefly on fruits, but also on insects, worms, and mollusks. They are 1916. At the Peace Conference in Paris, included under the popular designation of Sa Sapajou in its wider sense, and some of them are the monkeys to which this name is sometimes more strictly appropriated. C. fatuellus, which ranges from Paraguay to Guiana, and C. capucinus, Guiana, Venezuela, and Peru, are common in menageries.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cecidomyia
a genus of two-winged flies Diptera, of the family Tipulidæ. There are about 26 species, all of which are of small size. C. tritici, the Wheatfly, is well known from its attacks on wheat.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cecilia
ST., the patroness of musicians, who suffered martyrdom 230 A. D. Her heathen parents, as we are told, belonged to a noble Roman family, and betrothed their daughter, who had been converted to Christianity, to a heathen youth, named Valerian. This youth and his brother Tiberius became Christian converts, and suffered martyrdom. Cecilia, when commanded to sacrifice to idols, firmly refused, and was condemned to death. Her persecutors, it is said, first threw her into a boilir boiling bath, but on the following day they found her unhurt. The executioner next attempted to cut off her head, but found it impossible. She died three days after. As early as the 5th century, there is mention of a church dedicated to her at Rome; and in 821, by order of Pope Pascal, her bones were deposited there. St. Cecilia is regarded as the inventor of the organ, and in the Roman Catholic Church her festival-day, Nov. 22, is celebrated with splendid music. Chaucer, Dryden, Pope, and other poets have cele brated St. Cecilia, and the painters Raphael, Domenichino, Dolce, and others have represented her in fine pictures.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Cecilia, Saint
Saint, the patroness of music, said to have suffered martyrdom in 230 A. D. Her day is November 22d, and her name is one of the best known in the entire Roman calendar. She has been a favorite subject for poets and painters. Her popularity seems to be due almost entirely to the fact that, in the legends concerning her, brief mention is made of her using musical instruments to accompany her voice when praising God. The story is that Cecilia was a Roman maiden who, converted to Christianity, vowed never to marry. Her parents, however, promised her hand to a young pagan named Valerian. Cecilia succeeded in converting Valerian and he suffered martyrdom. Commanded to sacrifice to idols, Cecilia refused and was condemned to die. It was found, however, that fire did not burn her, nor was the headsman's axe able to sever her head from the body. A few days later she died and received the martyr's crown. A church was erected in Rome to Saint Cecilia as early as the fifth century. She is said to have invented the organ; other legends recount that her music called an angel from heaven, who brought her martyr's crown from paradise. Raphael and others have painted portraits of St. Cecilia. Chaucer, Dryden, and Pope have celebrated her name in poetry. Musical societies the world over are named for Cecilia, and on Saint Cecilia's day splendid music is to be heard in Roman churches.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia