Centering Tool
A small, steel point used for accurately locating centers. Fig. 58 illustrates the O. K. centering tool, which is made to fit any tailstock spindle or taper chuck. This tool is inserted in the tailstock spindle and the work to be centered is placed in a chuck or is cemented up on a cement plate. The work is now rotated and the tailstock advanced and the tool will cut an exact center, providing the work in the headstock is central. This tool will be found useful in determining centers when pivoting staffs and in drilling generally.
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Centers
Pins used in conjunction with a lathe for holding work while revolving. They are usually made of steel. They are of two forms, known as male and female centers.
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Centerville
a city of Iowa, the county-seat of Appanoose co. It is on the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy, the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific, and the Southern Iowa Traction Company railroads. The city is an important livestock center. There are also mines of coal, gypsum, and limestone. Other industries are railway shops and manufactures of lumber, flour, iron, etc. Pop. (1910) 6,936; (1920) 8,486.
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Centigrade Thermometer
a thermometer scaled to represent the interval between the freezing and the boiling point of water, divided into 100 equal parts, the freezing-point being taken as zero, and the boiling-point as 100°. 1° C. is equal to 1.8° F. CENTIME. See CENT.
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Central Falls
a town in Providence co., R. I., on the Blackstone river, and the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad, 4½ miles N. of Providence. It has large manufactories of cotton, woolen, silk, and hair cloth goods, and of machinery and leather, for which the river supplies excellent power. There are several churches, newspapers, and banks. Pop. (1910) 22,754; (1920) 24,174.
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Central Wesleyan College
co-educational institution in Warrena ton, Mo., organized in 1864, under the Episcopal auspices of the Methodist the end of 1919: Church; reported at ; students professors and instructors, 22 , 325; number of graduates, 810; president, Otto E. Kriege, D. D.
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Centralia
a city of Lewis co., Wash., midway between Portland and Seattle. The chief industries are lumber, coal, and canned goods. The waterworks and electric lighting plant are municipally owned. There are two banks, excellent schools and a Carnegie library. Centralia was first settled in 1857 and became a city in 1890. It is under a commission form of government. A tragedy that startled the nation occurred there on Nov. 11, 1919, during a parade of war veterans to celebrate the first anniversary of the signing of the armistice. Concealed members of the I. W. W. opened fire on the procession and several of the soldiers were killed. One of the assailants was killed in the fighting that followed, another was lynched, and others charged with committing the crime were arrested and held for trial. Pop. (1910) 7,311; (1920) 7,549.
a city of Marion miles S. W. of Chicago, on the Illinois co., Ill., 60 miles E. of St. Louis and 252 Central, the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, the Southern, and the Southern Illinois railroads. It is located in the orchard section of southern Illinois, and its fruit trade is large. There are manufactories of iron, steel, envelopes, knit goods, flour, and butter, and the machine works of the Illinois Central railroad. There are three banks, ten churches, high schools, and publie schools, and a Carnegie library. Centralia was settled in 1853 and became a city in the following year. Pop. (1910) 9,680; (1920) 12,491.
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Centrifugal
a machine used in clarification and filtration, especially of sugar. The essential part is a circular as to be revolved vessel so constructed at a high rate of speed, which deposits the matter to be removed at the bottom, allowing the clear fluid to be drawn off.
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Centrifugal Force
The tendency that revolving bodies have to fly from the center. It is said that when balances are made too thin in the rim, they alter in diameter from this cause, in the long and short vibrations.
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Centumviri
The members of a court of justice at Rome. Though originally 105 in number, they were known as Centumvirs, and this name they retained when they were increased to 180.
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Cephalization
in biology, a term proposed to denote a tendency in the development of animals toward a localizaneighbortion of important parts in the hood of the head, as by the transfer of head locomotive members or limbs to the (in the Cephalopoda, for example). The other parts of the animal structure.
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Cephalonia
, the largest of of the an island of Greece , at the Ionian islands, W. of the Morea Patras, about 31 entrance of the Gulf of miles in length, and from 5 to 12 in breadth; area, about 300 square miles; is very pop. about 75,000. The coastline indenirregular and deeply marked with is rugged and tations, and the surface Monte Negro, the mountainous, rising in feet. ancient Ænos, to a height of 5,380 There is rather a deficiency of water on the island. The principal towns are Argostoli (pop. about 14,000), and Lixuri (pop. about 6,000). The chief exports are currants, oil, and grain; wine, cheese The manufac etc., are also exported. tures are inconsiderable. Earthquakes are not infrequent.
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Cephalopod
sef'a-lo-pod, in natural history, a term applied to any mollusk belonging to the class represented by the squid, cuttlefish, octopus, nautilus, argonaut, etc. The term is Greek, meaning head-footed. Cephalopods are without the corresponding foot or disk of the clam and other mollusks. Instead of this foot they have eight or ten arms or tentacles borne in a ring around the mouth. Hence the name. See Cuttlefish ; Squid
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Cephalus
Son of Deion and Diomede, and husband of Procris or Procne. He was beloved by Eos ( Aurora ), but, as he rejected her advances from love to his wife, she advised him to try the fidelity of Procris. The goddess then metamorphosed him into a stranger, and sent him with rich presents to his house. Procris was tempted by the brilliant presents to yield to the stranger, who then discovered himself to be her husband, whereupon she fled in shame to
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