Catskill Mountains
a group of mountains about 2,000 feet high in southeastern New York . They have been stripped of their forests and are unfit for farming, but they furnish an unlimited supply of blue stone for building, and are a fine summer resort for the inhabitants of New York City. Irving has laid the scene of Rip Van Winkle's exploits in the Catskills. Passing up or down the Hudson Valley, the traveler is impressed by these mountains. They show to better advantage than the Alleghanies. The more elevated peaks reach a height of over 4,000 feet. Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Catskill Mountains. They are seen away to the west of the river, swelling up to a noble height, and lording it over the surrounding country. Every change of season, every change of weather, indeed every hour of the day, produces some changes in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains; and they are regarded by all the good wives, far and near, as perfect barometers.--Irving.
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Catt
CARRIE LANE CHAPMAN, an American woman suffrage leader; born at Ripon, Wis. She was educated at the State Industrial College of Iowa. She was principal of the high school at Mason City, Ia., where married to Leo Chapman. He died two in 1884 she was years later and in 1891 she was married to G. W. Catt. She devoted the greater part of her life to woman sufrk, and traveled extensively in frage work, the interest of the movement through this country and Europe. An excellent administrator and effective platform speaker, she was chosen president of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1904, and of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1915. She was the leader in the campaign for the woman suffrage amendment to the Federal Constitution passed by Congress in 1919.
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Cattalo
a name given to a hybrid between the native bison and the domestic cow. The word is coined from cattle and buffalo--catt (le buff) alo. It is claimed by enthusiastic breeders that the cross forms a large, gentle, hardy beef animal. The cross is effected usually with Galloway or Aberdeen-Angus cows. The calves are more likely to be black than brown. They are hardy chaps covered with dense, soft, curly hair of even length on all parts of the body. The pelts are regarded as superior to buffalo robes. Like bison, the cattalos are able to outweather the winter storms of our Western ranches and to dig their food out of snowdrifts in which cattle would perish. There are, as yet (1909), less than 1,000 cattalos. The experiment may be only a passing fancy, but much is claimed for it. See Bison
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Cattaro
a strongly fortified port in the former Austrian crown-land of Dalmatia, at the head of the Gulf of Cattaro, 40 miles S. E. of Ragusa, under the steep Montenegrin hills. Cattaro has a cathedral, a naval school, and a population of about 7,500, chiefly engaged in the Mo Montenegrin trade. At one time the capital of a small republic, the town in 1420 joined the Republic of Venice, and after varied fortunes was handed over to Austria in 1814 by the Treaty of Vienna. During the WORLD WAR (q. v.) Cattaro was bombarded several times. As a result of the peace treaty between the Entente Powers and Austria- Austria- Hungary it became part of Jugoslavia. The Gulf of Cattaro, an inlet of the Adriatic, consists of three basins or lakes, connected by straits of about half a mile in breadth. Its length is 19 miles, and its depth from 15 to 20 fathoms.
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Cattegat
or KATTEGAT, the bay or arm of the sea between the E. coast of Jutland and the W. coast of Sweden, to the N. of the Danish islands. It is connected with the Baltic Sea by the Great and Little Belt, and by the Sound, and the Skager Rack connects it with the North Sea. The length of the Cattegat is about 150 miles, and its greatest breadth 85 miles. Its greatest depth is 36 fathoms, but it has numerous sandbanks, and navigation is rendered more dangerous by its strong currents and violent storms. The Danish shores are low, with stretches of sand or reefs, but the Swedish shore is very steep and rocky. CATTELL (JAMES) MCKEEN, an American psychologist, born in Easton, Pa., May 25, 1860, graduated at Lafayette College in 1880, and studied at Leipsic, Paris, Geneva and Göttingen. He was assistant under Wundt at the University of Leipsic, Professor of Psychology in the University of Pennsylvania in 1888-1891, and Professor of Experimental Psychology in Columbia University from 1891 to 1917. He was co-editor of the "Psychological Review," "Science," etc., and a member of many scientific associations.
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Cattle-Plague
any plague by which large numbers of cattle are deroyed. Such plagues have existed at intervals, more or less, in all countries and in all ages. Among the severer visitations in centuries preceding the 19th may be mentioned a great plague which arose in Hungary in 1711, whence it spread to other countrics, destroying in the next three years about on and a half millions of cattle. A second visitation, which affected England and the W. of Europe, between 1745 and 1756, caused the death of about three millions of cattle. The name is given in the United States specifically to the disease known as "Texas fever," the scientific name of which is pleuro-pneumonia. Although this pest has from time to time broken out endemically, there has never been any general epidemic here such as has afflicted other countries. The appellation "cattle plague" is also loosely given to another disease among cattle in the United States, which is otherwise known as "lumpy-jaw," a most virulent and incurable affection. Experiments have been time and again again ain ineffectually ineffectually tried to find a cure for this, though large governmental encouragement has been offered. A rigid examination of cattle is made by government inspectors at all receiving and shipping ports.
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Catullus
CAIUS VALERIUS (kat-ul'us), a Roman lyric poet, born in Verona, about 90 b. c. He was the friend of Cicero, of Plancus, Cinna, and Cornelius Nepos; to the last he dedicated the collection of his poems. Almost all the known details of his life are derived by inference from his works, and relate to such matters as his passion for Lesbia, his journey to Bithynia, and voyage home in his yacht, his pleasant villa on Lake Benacus, etc. He was the first of the Romans who successfully caught the Greek lyric spirit, and gave to Roman literature its most genuine songs. He died about 54 b. c.
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