Cedar Falls
a city of Black Hawk co., Ia., 85 miles N. E. of Des Moines. It is on the Illinois Central and other railroads. It has mills and factories for oatmeal, flour, wagons, pumps, harvesters, brooms and other products. It is the seat of the Iowa State Teachers College. Its water works and electric lighting plant are municipally mu owned, and it has a hospital, excellent schools and a Carnegie library. It was settled in 1845 and received its civic charter in 1865. Pop. (1910) 5,012; (1920) 6,316.
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Cedar Mountain
an elevation in Culpeper co., Va., where in the American Civil War, on Aug. 9, 1862, Gen. Banks was defeated by a superior Confederate force under Gen. Jackson, and retired for re-enforcements from Gen. Pope, with a loss of 1,400 killed and wounded, 400 prisoners, and many missing. The Confederates, who held the field two days and then fell back to meet Lee at Gordonsville, lost 1,314.
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Cedar Rapids
a city in Linn co., Ia., on the Cedar river, er, and on the Chicago and Northwestern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. St. Paul, the Illinois Central and other railroads; 79 miles S. W. of Dubuque. The city is regularly laid out and well built, and is the trade center of the surrounding country. It contains large pork-packing establishments, and the river supplies power for numerous manufactories and machine shops. The headquarters of the Order of Railway Conductors are located here. It is the seat of Coe College, and has electric lights and railways, waterworks, a high school, several churches, daily and weekly newspapers, public and and Masonic libraries, National banks, St. Luke's Hospital, etc. The city is connected with the opposite bank of the river by several bridges. Pop. (1910) 32,811; (1920). 45,566.
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Cedar-Bird
. See Wax-Wing
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Cefalu
an episcopal city and seaport in the province of Palermo, Sicily, ty of pacily, 40 miles E. S. E. of the city of Palermo. It has a fine cathedral, several churches, and while the harbor is small it has considerable importance as a seaport. Its inhabitants are chiefly engaged in fishing and quarrying. Pop. about 15,000.
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Celaya
a town in the Mexican State of Guanajuato, on the Rio Laja, about 150 miles N. W. of the city of Mexico; has several fine plazas, handsome churches , and manufactures of cotton and woolen cloths and saddlery. Pop. about 25,000.
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Celenterata
the name given to a sub-kingdom of the animal kingdom, the species of which are distinguished from those of humbler organization by possessing a hollow digestive cavity with which the hollow interior of the body freely communicates. The prehensile organs are hollow tentacles disposed in a circle round the mouth. All, or nearly all, are moreover provided with organs of offense and defense, called threadcells or nematocysts. Professor Huxley places the Cœlenterata between the molluscoida and the protozoa. The sub-kingdom is divided into two classes, actinozoa and hydrozoa. Examples, the corals, the sea anemones, the fresh-water hydra, etc. CŒLE-SYRIA (that is, "Hollow- Syria"), the large valley lying between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges in Syria. Near its center are the ruins of Baalbec.
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Celeriac
turnip-rooted celery, a variety of celery in which the root resembles a turnip and may weigh 3 or 4 pounds. It is not earthed up, but is grown upon the surface of the ground, and kept free from weeds by frequent hoeing.
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Celestial Empire and Celestials
a popular term for the Chinese Empire and its inhabitants.
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Celestial Light
The sacred light of all the ages, which is "as the lightning which shineth from the west to the east." It is the halo which surrounds certain visions of a mystical character, but can only be seen by those who have lived ascetically, when respiration is feeble, and life has almost left the body.
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Celiac Artery
an artery issuing from the aorta just below the diaphragm. It is called also the Cœliac axis.
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Celiac Passion
a diarrhoea, or flux, that arises from the indigestion or putrefaction of food in the stomach and bowels, whereby the aliment comes away little altered. CŒUR D'ALENE, a city of Idaho, the county-seat of Kootenai co. It is on the Northern Pacific, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Pa Paul, and other railroads. The city has manufactures of lumber, machinery, bricks, and an important trade in fruit and farm products. It is the seat of Cœur d'Alene College and a Catholic academy, and has parks and several handsome public buildings. Pop. (1910) 7,291; (1920) 6,447. CŒUR DE LION (ker de lē-ôn'), a title given to several historical person-- ages, as Richard I. of England; socalled from the prodigies of personal valor performed by him in the Holy Land; Louis VIII. of France, frequently called Le Lion; and Boleslaus I. of Poland, also called "The Intrepid."
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Cellere
B. MACCHI DI, an Italyears he had minor secretarial offices in the Department of Foreign Affairs, and For many was made chargé d'affaires at Washing- 1 ton in 1904. From 1907 to 1912 he was Minister to Argentina. In 1913 he became Italian Ambassador to the United States, an office which he held till his sudden death following an operation, Oct. 20, 1919.
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Cellini
BENVENUTO (chel-lē'nē), Florentine sculptor, engraver, and a goldsmith, born in 1500. Of a bold, honest, and open character, but vain and quarrelsome, he was often entangled in disputes which frequently cost his antagonists their lives. At the siege of Rome (if we believe his own account, given in his autobiography) he killed the Constable of Bourbon and the Prince of Orange. He was afterward imprisoned on the charge arge (probably false) of having stolen the jewels of the Papal crown, and with difficulty escaped exe- BENVENUTO CELLINI cution. He then visited the court of Francis I. of France. He afterward returned to Florence, and under the patronage of Cosmo de' Medici made a Perseus with the head of Medusa in bronze, which is still an ornament of one of the public squares; also a statue of Christ, in the chapel of the Pitti Palace, besides many excellent dies for coins and medals. His works may be divided into two classes. The first, for which he is most celebrated, comprises his smaller productions in metal, the embossed decorations of shields, cups, salvers, ornamented sword and dagger hilts, clasps, medals, and coins. The second includes his larger works as a sculptor, such as the Perseus mentioned above; a colossal Mars for a fountain at Fontainebleau; a marble Christ in the Escurial Palace; a life-size statue of Jupiter in silver, etc. His life, written by himself, is very racy and animated. He died in Florence in 1571.
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