Single-source entries: C (57)

Cheetah

or CHITA, an East Indian name for felis jubata, the hunting leopard.

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Chefoo

or CHI-FU (properly the name of the European colony of the Chinese town of Yen-Tai), a treaty port on the N. side of the peninsula of Shantung, at the entrance to the Gulf of Pechili, in which it is the only port that remains open throughout the winter. The foreign quarter is in some sense a colony of Shanghai, and, having the best climate of all the treaty ports, it is much resorted to by convalescents. The port has developed into an important coaling station. As a market for foreign manufactured goods, particularly English cotton yarn and American sheetings, Chefoo is of considerable importance. The principal articles of import besides those mentioned are sugar, paper, iron, edible seaweed, and matches. The chief exports are silk, straw-braid, bean-cake, and vermicelli. The Chefoo Convention, which settled several disputed points between China and Great Britain, and extended certain commercial advantages to the latter country, besides throwing open four new treaty ports, was signed there Sept. 13, 1876. The port was the scene of a naval demonstration in 1900, when British and American warships threatened to bombard the forts if their hostile attitude was not abandoned. There were 150 missionaries in the city, whose rescue from peril was thus effected. Pop. about 55,000.

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Chekhov

ANTON PAVLOVITCH, a Russian author, born at Taganrog, in 1860. He studied medicine at the Moscow University, but soon engaged upon a literary career. His first writings were of a humorous nature and were immediately successful. He soon wrote in a more serious vein and was proclaimed by literary circles to be the greatest figure in Russian literature since the days of Turgenev. He wrote over 150 short stories, a number of plays, and one complete novel. Comparatively few of his writings have been translated into English. These are stories which have appeared in magazines. Among his plays, accessible in the English, are "The Sea Gull" (1905); "The Cherry Garden" (1908); "The Swan Song" (1912), and "Uncie Vanya" (1912). prov-

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Chelidonius

A stone taken out of a swallow; good against melancholy and periodical disorders. To cure fever it must be put in a yellow linen cloth, and tied about the neck.

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Chelmsford

FREDERIC AUGUS- TUS THESIGER, LORD, eldest son of the first Lord Chelmsford, who was twice lord-chancellor of England; born May 21, 1827, educated at Eton, served in the Crimea and through the Indian mutiny. As deputy adjutant-general he served in the Abyssinian campaign, was nominated C. B., made aide-de-camp to Her Majesty, and adjutant-general to the forces in India (1868-1876), and in 1877 was appointed commander of the forces and lieutenant-governor of Cape Colony. He restored Kaffraria to tranquillity, and was given the chief command in the Zulu war of 1879. After great difficulties with the transport, and some disasters, he gained the decisive victory of Ulundi, before the arrival of Sir Garnet Wolseley, who had been sent to supersede him. On his return to England he was made G. C. B., and in 1884 lieutenant of the Tower. He died in 1905.

FREDERIC JOHN NAPIER THESIGER, 3rd BARON, an English administrator, born in 1868. He was educated in Oxford, and after filling several posts in the administration of London, he was appointed Governor of Queensland in 1905, serving until 1909, when he became Governor of New South Wales. He remained in this post until 1913. In 1916 he was appointed Viceroy of India.

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Chelone

a genus of turtles, including the tortoise, often written chelonia. See TORTOISE and TURTLE.

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Cheltenham

a borough and watering place in Gloucestershire, England. It lies in a valley, on the Chelt river. The town is well laid out and has many public promenades, gardens, and squares. It contains the parish church of St. Mary's, dating from the 14th century, an art school, and several colleges and private schools. Its popularity is due chiefly to which are of great its mineral waters medical value. Pop. about 60,000.

a borough of Pennsylvania, in Montgomery co. It is on the Philadelphia, Newtown and New York railroad. It is a suburb of Philadelphia and is almost entirely a residential city. Pop. (1910) 8,434; (1920) 11,015.

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Chemulpo

a town on the W. coast of Korea, 25 miles by road W. S. W. of the capital, Seoul. It is one of the three treaty ports opened in 1883 to foreign commerce, the volume of which has since steadily advanced, in spite of the drawbacks resulting from the great difference between high and low water here (33 feet), and the want of wharves. 30,000; the bulk of the for- Pop., about eigners are Japanese. Small steamers owned by Japanese run to Seoul in summer, and Chemulpo is connected by telegraph both with China and Japan.

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Cheney

EDNAH DOW (LITTLE- HALE), an American writer; born in Boston in 1824. She was president of the New England Woman's Club and the Massachusetts Suffrage Association. She wrote "Handbook of American History for Colored People"; "Life of Louisa M. Alcott"; and several stories, besides other books. She died in 1904. CHÉNIER, ANDRÉ MARIE DE (shānya'), a French poet; born in Constantinople, Oct. 30, 1762. Shortly before the Terror he made a vigorous attack on the Jacobins in the "Journal de Paris." He wrote Louis XVI.'s appeal to the people after the death sentence. He celebrated in verse Charlotte Corday. He perished under the guillotine July 25, 1794.

CHARLES EDWARD, an American clergyman; born in Canandaigua, N. Y., Feb. 12, 1836. He was graduated at Hobart College in 1857, and, after a course at the Theological Seminary of Virginia, was ordained a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal rector of Church in 1858. Becoming Christ Church, Chicago, he incurred censure for heterodoxy and was tried on that charge and deposed from the priesthood. He at once became a leader in the Reformed Episcopal movement, and was consecrated bishop of the new denomination in 1873, a post he continued to hold, as well as the rectorship of Christ Church. He died in 1916.

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