Cetacea
se-ta'she-a, warm-blooded, four-legged animals that have become fishlike in form. In some respects they resemble the seal and the walrus, but they have become still more degenerate through disuse of their legs on land. It is difficult to believe that a whale was originally a four-legged land animal suckling its young; but such, scientists tell us, is the case. The cetacea includes the various whalebone or baleen whales, the sperm whales, the dolphins, the porpoises, the so-called blackfish, the grampus, the killer, the herring hog, and the narwhal. See Whale ; Porpoise , etc.
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Cette
an important seaport town of France, in the department of Hérault, built on a neck of land between the lagoon of Thau and the Mediterranean, 23 miles S. W. of Montpellier. The space inclosed by the piers and breakwater forming the harbor can accommodate about 400 vessels; and the harbor is defended by forts. A broad, deep canal, lined with excellent quays, connects the port with the Lake of Thau, and so with the Canal du Midi and the Rhône, thus giving to Cette an extensive inland traffic; it has likewise an active foreign The principal trade is in commerce. wine, brandy, salt, dried fruits, fish, dyestuffs, perfumery, and verdigris. gris. Cette has shipbuilding yards, salt-v salt-works, glassworks, factories for the mant facture of syrups and grape-sugar, etc. It is a resort for sea-bathing, and has extensive fisheries. Colbert founded it in 1666. Pop. about 35,000.
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Cettinje
or CETINJE, (chet-ten' yā), the capital of the former kingdom of Montenegro; situated in a lofty mountain-valley, 19 miles E. of Cattaro, with which it is connected by a steep road. It contains a royal palace and a convent founded in 1478. Turkish invaders sacked and burnt the town in 1683, 1714, and 1785, but it was each time rebuilt. Many famous Montenegrin rulers lie buried here. It was occupied by the Austrians during the WORLD WAR (q. v.) in January, 1916. Pop. about 5,000.
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Ceyx
se'lks, in Greek mythology, the son of Hesperus, the day star. Ceyx, in the most common version of the story, was king of Thessaly, happy with his devoted wife Halcyone, daughter of Aeolus. Ceyx becomes alarmed by certain direful prodigies following the death of his brother, and decides to make a voyage to Ionia to consult the oracle of Apollo. Halcyone begs him to remain at home or to take her with him, for she has a presentiment of evil. Ceyx longs for her companionship, but, dreading to expose her to the dangers of the voyage, he refuses and sets out alone. His vessel is overtaken by a storm and wrecked. Ceyx is drowned. Meanwhile Halcyone spends her days in prayers for the safety of her husband and makes preparations for his return. Juno finally takes pity on her and sends a dream to announce to her the fate of Ceyx. In the morning Halcyone seeks the shore where she bade her husband farewell. While looking out over the sea, striving to recall every incident of the parting, her husband's body is borne in upon the waves. As she starts to grasp it, the gods, in pity, change husband and wife into a pair of kingfishers, whose affection for each other has ever since been proverbial. Another version of the same tale represents Ceyx and Halcyone as presumptuous enough to call themselves Zeus and Hera. In punishment the gods changed them into birds. See Halcyone
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Chablais
a district of France, in Savoy, S. of the Lake of Geneva. In the 11th century Chablais passed from the possession of the House of Burgundy to that of Savoy, and was finally ceded to France with the rest of Savoy in 1860. See TCHAD. CHAD.
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Chad
ST. (CEADDA), born in Northumbria, became a pupil of St. Aidan, spent part of his youth in Ireland, and in 666 became Bishop of York. Doubt having been cast on the validity of his consecration, he withdrew in 669, but was immediately made Bishop of at Lichfield. He Mercia, fixing the see died in 672, after a life eminent for humility and sanctity.
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Chadd's Ford
a town in Delaware co., Pa.; on Brandywine creek; 30 miles S. W. of Philadelphia. The battle of Brar.dywine was fought here, Sept. 11, 1777.
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Chadwick
GEORGE WHITFIELD, an American musician, born in Lowell, Mass., Nov. 13, 1854. He was graduated at the Leipsic Conservatory, and in 1897 became director of the New England Conservatory of Music. He has won distinction as a composer with "Tabasco," a comic opera; "Jubilee," a symphony; "Columbian Ode," a chorus, and with other compositions. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
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Chadwick (FRENCH ENSOR an American naval)
FRENCH ENSOR, an American naval officer, born in Morgantown, W. Va., Feb. 29, 1844. He graduat the United States Naval Academy in 1866, and became a captain in 1897. During the war with Spain he commanded the armored cruiser "New York," ork," the flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron, and was chief-of-staff to Admiral Sampson. He was promoted rear-admiral in 1903, retired in 1906, and died in 1919.
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Chadwick (JOHN WHITE an American writer)
JOHN WHITE, an American writer and Unitarian clergyman, born in Marblehead, Mass., Oct. 19, 1840. His radical sermons attracted attention, and he was a liberal contributor to current literature. Among his works are: "A Book of Poems"; "The Bible of To-day"; "Origin and Destiny"; "A Dar- CHÆRONEA ing Faith"; "The Man Jesus"; "The Faith of Reason"; "Old and New Unitarian Belief"; "The Power of an Endless Life," and others. He died Dec. 11, 1904.
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Chaeronea
A city of Boeotia celebrated for a great battle fought there in which the Athenians were defeated by the Boeotians, B. C. 447, and for the victory which Philip of Macedonia obtained there over the confederate armies of the Thebans and Athenians, B. C. 338. It was the birthplace of Plutarch. Milton in one of his sonnets alludes to the place : "That dishonest victory, At Chaeronea fatal to liberty, Killed with report that old man eloquent." Isocrates is the old man eloquent thus alluded to.
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Chaffee
ADNA ROMANZA, an American military officer, born in Orwell, O., April 14, 1842. He received a public ohe school education; entered the regular ular army as a private, July 22, 1861; became a captain, Oct. 12, 1867; and colonel, May 8, 1899. On May 4, 1898, he was commissioned Brigadier-General of volunteers for the war with Spain; on July promoted to Major- 8, following, was promot General; and on April 13, 1899, was honorably discharged under this commission. On the last mentioned date he was reappointed a Brigadier-General of volunteers, and on July 19, 1900, the President, having selected him to command the American military forces in China, commissioned him a Major-General of volunteers. In 1901-1902 General Chaffee was military governor of the Philippines, in 1902- 1903 commander of the Department of the East, in 1904-1906 Chief of Staff of the United States Army. In the latter year, after 40 years' successful and distinguished service, he was retired with the rank of Lieutenant-General. He died Nov. 1, 1914.
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