Chesapeake Bay
the largest inlet on the Atlantic Coast. It is 200 miles long and from 4 to 45 miles in width. It lies within the borders of Virginia and Maryland. The promontories of Capes Charles and Henry at its entrance are twelve miles apart. The bay is of great depth. It receives the waters of the James, the York, the Rappahannock, the Potomac, the Susquehanna, and many smaller streams. Newport News, Alexandria, Washington, Annapolis, and Baltimore are situated on its borders, or at the head of estuaries. The waters of the Chesapeake are famous for the finest oysters and terrapin in the world. The reedy shallows are the haunt of innumerable waterfowl, including the celebrated canvasback duck. Shooting is carried on chiefly from blinds or reed-covered boats. See Baltimore ; Oyster ; Potomac
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Cheshire
a maritime county, situated in the west of England. It has an area of 1,027 square miles. Its surface is mainly level and it is occupied by grazing and dairying land, among the most important in England. The chief industries are connected with dairying and agriculture. There is also a considerable amount of manufacturing . Rock salt and coal are produced. The chief towns are Chesford, and Birkenhead. Pop. about 680,000, ter, the county town; Stockport, Knuts- English explorer, was born in Annalong. CHESNEY , FRANCIS RAWDON, an County Down, Ireland, in 1789. He was gazetted to the Royal Artillery in 1805. In 1829 he inspected the route for a Suez canal, which he prove His first exploration of the route to In dia, by way of Syria and the Euphrates, proved to be practicable . was made in 1831, and he made three other voyages with the same object. The idea was taken up by government, who made a grant of £20,000 after his first expedition, but owing to the opposition of Russia it was never brought to a practical issue. He commanded the artillery at Hong-kong from 1843 to 1847. In 1850 he published his " Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris," and in 1868 a "Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition." He died in Mourne, Jan. 30, 1872. all games of skill, the origin of which has
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Chesme
A cat-shaped well-or fountain-spirit or nymph of the Turks. She inveigles youths to death much in the same manner as the Lorelei. Chevaliers de l' Enfer : These are demons more powerful than those of no rank, but less powerful than titled demons -counts, marquises, and dukes. They may be evoked from dawn to sunrise, and from sunset to dark.
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Chesterfield
PHILIP DORMER STANHOPE, 4th Earl of, an English statesman and litterateur; born in London, Sept 22, 1694. After studying in his youth with a zeal of which he afterward thought proper to be ashamed, he learned on the Continent of Europe his polished smoothness of manners, his love of gaming, and his loose code of morality. He entered public life in 1715, and took an active part in the petty intrigues and party squabbles which make up the parliamentary and court history manufactories, of the reign of George II. His diplo The principal matic skill was made useful in two forbuilding, foundry eign embassies; and his lord - lieutenancy in Ireland in 1745, though lasting only a few months, has always been mentioned with distinguished praise. His "Letters" to his natural son are remarkable for their ease of style and their knowledge of society, but notoriously reprehensible for the principles of conduct which they inculcate. He died March 24, 1773.
a market town of Derbyshire, England. It is at the junction of the Hipper and Rother rivers. There are important manufactures of cotton, silk, machinery, and earthenware. In the neighborhood are important deposits of coal, clay, slate, and lead. A canal connects Chesterfield with the Trent river. It is also on the main line of the Midland railway. It contains an ancient grammar school, a technical school, and a public library. Pop. about 45,000.
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Chesterfield, Earl of
Earl of (1694-1773), an English officeholder. He held various positions under George I, as gentleman of the bedchamber to the Prince of Wales , ambassador to Holland, and lord lieutenant of Ireland. He wrote essays, critical and humorous, as well as a series of letters to his son,--little essays full of worldly wisdom, shrewd advice, caustic comment, and insincerity. Though unprincipled, he was eloquent in his manner, and posed as a patron of letters. He pretended to encourage Samuel Johnson in the publication of his dictionary. When Dr. Johnson became convinced of the earl's duplicity he finished the work without his aid. At its publication Chesterfield attempted to revive the old relationship. Dr. Johnson published an open letter to him, which is considered the most scathing and caustic of the sort in literature. A single sentence must suffice by way of quotation: Is not a patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and, when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help? Lord Chesterfield was not without political penetration. Concluding a letter prior to the French Revolution , he writes, "In short, all the symptoms which I have ever met with in history previous to great changes and revolutions in government now exist and daily increase in France." See Johnson
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Chesterton
CECIL EDWARD, an Kensington English author; born at , at St. Nov. 12, 1879. He was educated journalism in Paul's School and entered the "Out- 1901. He wrote at first for look" and later contributed to a large circle of magazines and journals. He and tended toward radicalism in politics, his energies were largely devoted to the exposure of corruption and inefficiency in public life. He founded the "New Witness" in 1912, and continued in the editorship until 1916. He served during the World War in the Highland Light Infantry. Among his publications are: "Gladstonian Ghosts" (1905); "Party and People" (1910), "The Prussian Hath Said in His Heart" (1914); and "The Perils of Peace" (1916). He died in 1920.
GILBERT KEITH, a British author and journalist; born at Kensington in 1874. He received his and soon education at Slade School, developed a marked bent for writing. He his wit and speedily became noted for his paradoxical style as well as for his wide range of information. Besides his contributions to periodicals he wrote many books, of which the most notable were: "Browning" (in English Men of "Heretics" Letters Series) (1904); (1905); "The Man Who Was Thursday" (1908); "The Ball and the Cross" (1910); "The Wisdom of Father Brown" (1914); "A Short History of England" (1917).
GILBERT K. In 1922 he made a tour of the United States. The announcement of his conversion to Roman Catholicism occurred the same year and created a deep impression in church circles.
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