Charleroi
a fortified and important manufacturing town of Belgium, in the province of Hainault, on the navigable river Sambre, 33 miles S. of Brussels. The town is the center of the large coal-basin of Charleroi, and its chief manufactures are iron, glass, fire-arms, cutlery, slates, woolens, leather, tobacco, sugar, soap, rope, etc. The fortress of Charleroi was built in 1666 and named after Charles II. of Spain. The town has sustained several memorable sieges, and been successively possessed by the Spaniards, Austrians, and French. It felt the fury of the German invasion in the first year of the World War. The town was held by a combined force of French and British, the former commanded by General Lanrezac and the latter by General French. The Second German army under Von Buelow_attacked the town on Aug. 21, 1914. Fierce street fighting ensued, first one side and then the other being driven from the town, but stubbornly returning to renew the fight. On the 22d, the enemy was re-enforced by another army under Von Hausen, and the French being heavily outnumbered, were forced to withdraw. The town remained in the hands of the Germans until the latter were driven out of Belgium in the victorious Allied drive in the fall of 1918. Pop. about 29,000.
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Charles City
a city of Iowa, the county-seat of Floyd co. It is on the Illinois Central, and the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul railroads, and on Cedar river. Its industries, which are important, include the manufacture of store fixtures, gasoline traction and stationary engines, wood furnishings, furniture, etc. It is an important shipping point for live stock, dairy ry products, nursery stock, and poultry. The city placed Thierri on the throne. Charles has a public library, an opera house, a home for the aged, and parks, and is the seat of Charles City College. Pop. (1910) 5,892; (1920) 7,350.
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Charles Martel
ruler of the Franks, was a son of Pepin Héristal. His father had governed as mayor of the palace under the weak Frankish kings with so much justice that he was enabled to make his office hereditary ir his family. Chilperic II., King of the Franks, refusing to acknowledge Charles Martel as mayor of the palace, the latter deposed him, and set Clothaire IV. in his place. After the death of Clothaire he restored Chilperic, and subsequently Martel rendered his rule famous by the great victory which he gained in October, 732, over the Saracens, near Tours, from which he acquired the name of Martel, signifying hammer. He died in 741. Charlemagne was his grandson.
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Charles Town
a village and county-seat of Jefferson co., W. Va.; on the Baltimore and Ohio, and the Norfolk and Western railroads, 10 miles S. W. of Harper's Ferry. It is the center of an agricultural region, is noted as being the place of the capture, trial, and execиtion (Dec. 2, 1859), of John Brown, and has a National bank, several weekly newspapers, etc. small cruciferous
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Charles's Wain
an English name for the constellation of the Great Bear--the Big Dipper. The term is understood to be a corruption of Carl's wain, or the peasant's wagon. And we danced about the may-pole and in the hazel copse, Till Charles's Wain came out above the tall white chimney-tops.--Tennyson, May Queen.
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Charleston (City capital of the State)
a city, capital of the State of West Virginia, and county-seat of Kanawha county, at the junction of the Kanawha and Elk rivers, on the Chesapeake and Ohio, and other railroads, 130 miles S. by W. of Wheeling. It is an important commercial and coal mining center, with steamer communications with all Ohio and Mississippi river ports; has extensive salt springs, State house, Custom house, hospital and opera house, several National banks, and daily Pop. and weekly newspapers, etc. (1910) 22,996; (1920) 39,608. CHARLESTOWN (Mass.). See BOSTON.
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Charleston (City of Illinois)
a city of Illinois, the county-seat of Coles co. It is on the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago, and St. Louis, and the Toledo, St. Louis, and Western railroads. The city is the center of an important oil, gas, and coal • region, and there are manufactures of flour, brooms, stoves, and tiles. It is the seat of the Eastern Illinois Normal School, and has a court house, parks, and a Carnegie library. Pop. (1910) 5,884; (1920) 6,615.
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Charlotte
a city of Michigan, the county-seat of Eaton co. It is on the Grand Trunk and the Michigan Central railroads. The city has important industries, including the manufacture of furniture, automobiles, bridges, road culverts, etc. It has a public library. Pop. (1910) 4,886; (1920) 5,126.
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Charlotte
a city and county-seat of Mecklenburg co., N. C., on Sugar creek, and the Southern, the Seaboard Air Line, and several other railroads, 226 miles N. E. of Atlanta, Ga. It is the trade center of Mecklenburg and surrounding counties, and also the center of the Southern cotton mill industry, having more than 300 mills within a radius of 100 miles; is the seat of Biddle University, and a military institute; has several churches, parks, opera houses, public library, National banks, and weekly newspapers. The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence was adopted here in 1775, and the city was occupied by the British in 1780. Pop. (1910) 34,014; (1920) 46,338.
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Charlotte Amalie
the capital of the island of St. Thomas, Virgin Islands of the United States, West Indies. It has a spacious harbor. Pop. about 8,000.
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Charlotte Augusta
PRINCESS, daughter of Queen Caroline and George IV., born at Carlton House, Jan. 7, 1796. She was carefully educated and highly accomplished. In 1816 she married Prince Leopold of Coburg, afterward King of the Belgians, and died Nov. 5, 1817. town of
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Charlottenburg
a Prussia, on the Spree, about 3 miles from Berlin, of which it is one of the most important residential suburbs, with a palace and park, important educational institutions, and many places of amusement, as also a number of industrial and manufacturing establishments. Pop. about 350,000. a city and
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Charlottesville
county-seat of Albemarle co., Va., on the Chesapeake and Ohio and the Southern railroads, and on the Rivanna river, 96 miles S. W. of Washington. It is the seat of the University of Virginia and within 3 miles of Monticello, the home of Thomas Jefferson; is a popular summer resort; has important manufactures, electric lights and street railways, a National bank, several daily and weekly newspapers, etc. Pop. (1910) 6,765; (1920) 10,688.
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