Chase (II)
WILLIAM MERRITT, an American artist, born in Franklin, Ind., Nov. 1, 1849. He studied painting in oil at the National Academy in New York and subsequently in Europe with Piloty. He made a specialty of portraits, figure pieces, and still life. Examples of his art are to be found in many public and private galleries in this country. He was elected a National Academician in 1890. Besides having been one of the most brilliant technicians of the American school, he was particularly successful as a teacher. He died in 1916. CHASSEUR (shäs-er') a male attendant upon persons of distinction, attired in a military dress, and wearing a sword. It is also the name given by the French to bodies of light infantry which act as skirmishers and sharpshooters. sharpshooters. The name was originally given to some troops raised in 1815, in imitation of the Jägers of the Austrian army, who were chiefly Tyrolese chamois-hunters, and unerring marksmen. The French Chasseurs are of two kinds, light cavalry and infantry. The Chasseurs of the Italian army are called Bersaglieri.
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Chastelard
or CHASTELET, PIERRE DE BOSCOSEL (shät-lär'), a French poet, nephew of the Chevalier Bayard, born about 1540. He was one of the French gentlemen who accompanied Mary Stuart on her return to her native country. The young and handsome poet fell in love with the beautiful queen, and in his madness, believing that his addresses were encouraged, he invaded the bedroom of Mary, was discovered, and ordered to quit the court. Chastelard, however, again concealed sides of the Marne, which was spanned himself, Feb. 14, 1563, within a recess in the bedroom of Mary, at Burntisland. For this offense, he was brought publicly to trial at St. Andrew's, sentenced to death, and hanged; the queen remaining death, inaccessible to all appeals for mercy on his behalf. CHÂTEAU, CHATEL, or CASTEL (shä-to'), from the Lat. castellum, "a fort," enters as a component part into many names of places in France. A "château en Espagne" is a castle in the air. The word is also applied to the residences of feudal lords and, in France, to country estates in general.
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Chatham (Canada on the Thames miles S W)
a Canada, on the Thames; 67 miles S. W. of London, with a number of flour, wool, and steel mills and foundries, sugar, automobile, carriage, metal, cement, packing, tobacco, fertilizer plants, etc., etc., and an active trade in grain, pork, and wood. Pop. about 15,000. Also a port of entry in the N. of New Brunswick, on the Miramichi, 6 miles N. E. of Newcastle, with a good harbor, shipyards, foundries, and other industries, a Catholic cathedral, and a college. Pop. about 5,000.
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Chatham (Parliamentary borough naval)
a parliamentary borough, naval arsenal, and port of England, county Kent, on the Medway, about 34½ miles by rail from London. The importance of Chatham is due to the naval and military establishments at Brompton in its immediate vicinity. The royal dockyard was founded by Queen Elizabeth previous to the sailing of the Armada. It has been greatly enlarged in recent times, and has now capacious us docks, in which the heaviest warships can be equipped and sent directly to sea. Building-slips, sawmills, metal-mills, etc., and all the requisites of a great naval station are here on the largest scale and in the finest order. The military establishments include extensive barracks, ar-ich senal, and park of artillery, hospital, store-houses and magazines, etc. The town is poorly built, but is defended by a strong line of fortifications which also serve as a flank defense. Pop. about 45,000. town of Ontario,
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Chatham Island
one of the Galapagos archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean; 600 miles W. of Ecuador, to which it belongs. It is of volcanic origin, the fifth in size of the Galapagos, and abounds in turtles and a small species of cat. Chatham Island has been the subject of negotiation between the United States and Ecuador, the former desiring it as a coaling station. It would possess strategic importance in the event of the opening of an isthmian canal. See GALAPAGOS.
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Chatham Islands
a small group in the Pacific, lying 360 miles E. of New Zealand, to which they politically belong. There are three islands of which the largest, Chatham Island, is 25 miles long-and some rocky islets. Total area, 375 square miles; pop. (1916) 477, of whom 258 are Maoris and Morioris or aborigines. The Chatham Islands were discovered in 1791 by Lieutenant Broughton, of the brig "Chatham." A large brackish lake occupies the interior Chatham Island, which is of volcanic of origin and hilly. Stock-rearing and sealfishing are the chief industries, and a lively trade is carried on with passing whalers. Timber of any size is unknown, so that the native canoe is merely wickerwork bound together by cordage of indigenous flax. CHÂTILLON-SUR-SEINE, (sha-teyōn'-sür-sen), a town in France, ance, department of Côte d'Or, 45 miles N. W. of Dijon, on the Seine. It is chiefly noted for the Congress of the Allied Powers and France, held here in 1814.
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Chattel
in the law of England, is a term used to designate any kind of property which, with reference either to the nature of the subject or the character of the interest possessed in it, is not freehold. Ownership in personal or movable property is generally absolute. Any estate or interest in lands and tenements not amounting to freehold is chattel. But as between property thus "savoring of realty" and mere personal movables-money, plate, cattle, and the like-there was a manifest distinction. Chattels were consequently distinguished into chattels-real and chattels-personal. These classes of property differ considerably as to the method of holding and transferring them and their devolution on death.
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Chau
a city of China, is about 36 miles S. W. of Amoy, which is its port. It lies in a valley in the province of Fu- Chien, and is surrounded by hills and intersected by a river. It is the center of the Fu-Chien silk industry, and has an extensive trade, both domestic and foreign, in sugar and tea. Pop. about 1,000,000.
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Chaumont
a town of France, capital of the department of Haute-Marne, on a height between the Marne and the Suize, with manufactures in woolens, hosiery, etc. Here the allies (Great Britain, Russia, Austria, and Prussia) signed the treaty of alliance against Napoleon, March 1, 1814. Pop. about 15,000.
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