Each of these 12 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
ST., a martyr who is supposed to have lived in the 3d century A. D. He was a native either of Syria or Palestine, and is believed to have suffered martyrdom by by decapitation in the reign of the Roman Emperor Decius. The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his festival on July 25.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ST. (commonly called St. Kitt's), a British island in the West Indies, one of the Leeward Islands, 23 miles in length, and in general about 5 in breadth breadth; area, 68 square miles. The principal cipal products are sugar, cotton, and rum. The interior consists of many rugged precipices and barren mountains. Of these the loftiest is Mount Misery (evidently an extinguished volcano), 4,100 feet high. The chief town, a seaport with open roadstead, is Basse-Terre (pop. about 8,500). The island has a legislature of its own, with an executive subordinate to the governor of the Leeward Islands, resident in Antigua. It was discovered by Columbus in 1493 and colonized by the English in 1623. Pop. about 30,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
HOWARD CHANDLER, an American illustrator; born in Morgan co., O., Jan. 10, 1873. He achieved a reputation as an illustrator in newspaper and magazines. He was with the Rough Riders in Cuba and saw fighting before Santiago. He received medals at the Paris Exposition, the Chicago Exposition, and the National Academy of Design.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the science of colors; that part of optics which treats of the properties of the colors of light and of natural bodies.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a metal used extensively as an alloy to harden steel. It was extensively employed during the war in the manufacture of munitions. The production of chromite in 1919 in the United States was 3,900 long tons, valued at $87,000. There were imported 61,404 tons, valued at $1,381,497. The appartons. ent consumption was 65,304 long The chief sources of supply are the United States, Canada, British South Africa, New Caledonia, and India. CHROMIUM (or CHROME) STEEL, steel in which the carbon is replaced by the metal chromium. This steel can sustain a greater degree of heat than ordinary steel, and consequently will not so easily become oxidized or "burnt" in working and is rolled more easily. 1
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
kro'mi-um, a hard metal known chiefly to chemists. The name is derived from chrome, meaning color, and was given to this substance because it produces many-colored compounds. It has a bright, metallic luster, and is capable of a high polish, but it is difficult to melt. In nature it occurs in combination with iron ore. Naturally its production may be expected chiefly in iron regions. It is found abundantly in several states of the Union, but at present California is the American source of supply. It is produced in the Ural Mountains , in Greece, and in Austria, but the world's supply comes chiefly from a mine near Brusa in Asia Minor . By itself the element chromium is of no particular importance, but its compounds are valuable. A small amount added to steel produces so-called chrome steel, noted for its hardness. It is used in the manufacture of burglar-proof safes and edged tools. Chrome yellow and chrome green are used in staining glass, glazing porcelains, and as mineral dyes. In combination with potash, chromium is used in calico printing. The beautiful green of the precious emerald stone is thought to be due to a trace of chromium.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
The effect of this substance is analogous in some features to that of manganese; in others to that of carbon upon steel, imparting a fine close texture and increasing hardness and brittleness. Chucks are pieces of wood, slightly wedged, to be driven fast between the bars of a flask to impart stiffness to the bars; or, for driving down below the straight bars to form a continuation of the latter, as it were, into parts which extend below the joint, and which must be lifted out along with the flask. By this means a plain flask may be made to correspond to any and every form of joint conceivable, and the task of carrying a deep lift is much simplified. This useful device is often called chocking.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
the art of printing chromo-lithographs. See LITHOGRAPHY.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the gaseous envelope of the sun, through which the light of the photosphere passes. Stellar chromosphere is the gaseous envelope supposed to exist round each star.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a historical account of facts or events disposed chronologically or in the order of time. Most of the historians of the Middle Ages were chroniclers who set down the events which happened within the range of their information, according to the succession of years. In Scriptures, the name of two books, consisting of an abridgment of sacred history from its commencement down to the return of the Jews from the Babylonish captivity, and called by the Septuagint πaρaλεiπόμεva (lit., things omitted), because they contain many supplemental relations omitted in the other historical books.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
A recording time piece. In modern usage the term is applied to watches having a center seconds hand (driven from the fourth wheel), which generally beats fifths of a second. The hand is started, stopped or caused to fly back by manipulating a push on the side of the case.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
A form of escapement in which the impulse is given direct from the escape wheel to the impulse roller on the balance staff, the locking being accomplished on a separate piece known as the detent, from which it is sometimes called detent escapement. The detent is made of two principal forms which constitute the two varieties of this escapement. The one shown in Fig. 61 is the pivoted detent which is sometimes termed the bascule escapement by foreign makers, while Fig. 62 shows the spring detent. This escapement appears to have been invented by Pierre LeRoy, in the year 1766. In the earliest forms the unlocking, or as it is sometimes called, the gold spring was mounted upon the balance staff, but was subsequently transferred to the detent, similar to the present form, also the escape wheel was sometimes made with two sets of teeth similar to the one used in the duplex. From its first inception up to the present time it has passed through many forms and modifications, until it has finally arrived at a stage where it approaches perfection very closely when made by the best makers. When well made this form of escapement leaves but little to be desired for timekeeping; but while its action is simple, the application of the principles underlying its construction must be correctly applied, as well as that the workmanship be of the highest quality.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler