Cheyennes
a tribe of American Plains Indians, originally of Algonquin stock, at one time settled in Wyoming. From 1861 to 1867 the United States government had "wars" with them. There are about 3,000 who are settled on reservations in Oklahoma and Montana.
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Chhatisgarh
the S. E. division of the Central Provinces of India, with an area, including feudatory states, of . 21,240 square miles; pop. about 3,500,000 plateau, and It is mainly a vast fertile of the has of late become a great center Indian grain trade. Dongargaon is the capital.
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Chiana
a river of central Italy, originally a tributary of the Tiber, watering the perfectly level Val di Chiana, which its overflow rendered once the most pestilential district of Italy. The bed was deepened in 1789-1816, and in 1823 extensive hydraulic works were undertaken for further improving the river course, and for the river Arno, a few miles below Arezzo, leading a N. branch, through canals, to the S. stream reaching the Tiber through ouble double The the Paglia at Orvieto. stream is 60 miles long, and 1½ to 1 mile broad; and the district has since in all become one of the most fruitful Italy.
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Chiapas
a State of the Republic of Mexico, on the Pacific slope, having an area of 27,527 square miles and a pop. of about 500,000. The capital, Tuxtla Gutiérrez (pop. about 10,000) is also principal town. The State is in the many parts mountainous, and is also in many parts traversed by noble streams, Palenque including the Rio Chiapas. At Aztec city are the ruins of an ancient of great beauty and magnitude. The valleys have a rich soil and produce maize, sugar, cotton, etc. Trade is, however, in a backward state for lack of roads. The State forms part of the Central American tableland, and has a fine climate, although the whole region is largely clothed in primeval forests.
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Chiari
a town of Lombardy, 13 miles W. of Brescia by rail, one time with manufactures of silk. At memorable for the strongly fortified, it is Austrians, under victory here of the and Prince Eugene, over the French 2, 1701. Spaniards, under Villeroi, Sept. about 15,000. Pop.
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Chibouque
a Turkish pipe with a long stem.
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Chicago Heights
a city of Illinois in Cook co. It is on the Ch Chicago and Eastern Illinois, the Elgin, Joliet, and Eastern, and the Michigan Central railroads. The principal industries are the manufacture of iron and steel goods , chemicals, glass, carriages , automobiles, and passenger and freight cars. a library and a hospital . Pop . (1910) 14,525; (1920) 19,653. It has
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Chichen
one of over 50 ruined towns in the Mexican province of Yucatan, a few miles W. S. W. of Valladolid, with the remains of an ancient Indian city, comprising a vast temple with bas-reliefs, a pyramid, houses containing sculptured chambers, etc.
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Chichester
a municipal borough of England, in Sussex co. It contains many notable buildings, dating from the 12th and 13th centuries. The former city walls are now used as a public promenade. The cathedral is remarkable for several features. Other notable buildings are the guildhall, the church of St. Olave, and the market cross, erected about the beginning of the 16th century. The town has a theological college and a grammar school. It has considerable trade in agricultural products and live stock. The harbor, about 2 miles S. W. of the city, is connected with it by a canal. Pop. about 15,000.
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Chickahominy
a river in Virginia, affluent of the James and running parallel to it for many miles from its source N. W. of Richmond. As it lay between the Union armies and Richmond, on and near it occurred many of the most important events of McClellan's Peninsula campaign in 1862, including the battles of Williamsburg, Hanover Court-house, Fair Oaks, Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor, Savage's Station, Frazier's Farm, and Malvern Hill. The second battle of Cold Harbor under Grant took place in 1864. CHICKAMAUGA NATIONAL MILI- TARY PARK. See PARK, NATIONAL.
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Chickamauga
chik-a-maw'ga, a creek in northern Georgia and Tennessee. It empties into the Tennessee River near the city of Chattanooga. September 19th and 20th, 1863, it was the scene of a bloody battle. General Bragg, reinforced by Longstreet, fought the three corps of Rosecrans under Thomas, McCook, and Crittenden, and penned him up in Chattanooga. Had it not been for Thomas, "the Rock of Chickamauga," the Union forces would have fared ill. Over 100,000 men were engaged. Fully a third of the number were reported as killed or missing. Some brigades lost over half of their men. The battle-ground, covering an area of eleven square miles, has been ceded to the general government by the states of Georgia and Tennessee for a national park. It was dedicated in 1895, on the anniversary of the battle. A large number of monuments, memorials, and marks have been erected already to commemorate the valor of both sides. See Civil War ; Arlington
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Chickasha
a town of Oklahoma, the county-seat of Grady co. It is on the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific, the Frisco Lines, and the Oklahoma Central railroads, and on the Washita river. The town has machine shops, flour mills, stock feeding pens, and other industries. It is the seat of a State college for women, and has a public library. Pop. (1910) 10,320; (1920) 10,179.
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Chicken-Pox
a contagious and infectious disease, is characterized by a specific eruption, which breaks out over the whole body, and runs a definite course in about eight or ten days. The disease appears to be the result of a specific poison which, after a period of latency or incubation, develops into one of more or less feverishness. This lasts for two or three days, when an eruption of pimples appears, at first on the body, then on the face and head, the fever subsiding as the rash appears. These pimples soon fill up with lymph, and become vesicles which in their turn, two or three days later, shrivel up and fall off in the form of crusts or scabs, seldom, however, becoming purulent or pitting as in the eruption of small-pox. Adults seldom suffer from chicken-pox.
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