Deontology
the science of duty; a term used by certain philosophic schools (Bentham, Spencer, and others) to denote their doctrine of ethics.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Single-source entries: D (29)
Each of these 19 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Department
a term used to denote a territorial division in France. Previous to the Revolution, France was divided into provinces; but in 1790 a decree of the Assembly ordered the abolition of the old provincial divisions (34 in number), and the redistribution of the land into 83 departments. During the year 8 of the Revolution, these were increased to 98; in 1814 the empire consisted of 130; and the war of 1870-1871 reduced it from 89 to 87, including the sadly diminished department of Haut-Rhin. The departments, each presided over by a prefect, are again subdivided into arrondissements.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Dephlogisticated Air
an old name for oxygen, which chemists regarded as common air deprived of phlogiston.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Depilatories
chemical agents employed for removing superfluous hair from the skin.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Deponent
a term in Latin grammar applied to verbs having a passive form but an active signification. They are so called because they, as it were, lay down (Lat. depono) or dispense with the signification proper to their form. Deponent is also used in law for a person who makes a deposition.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Deposit
in law, something given or intrusted to another as security for the performance of a contract, as a sum of money or a deed. In commerce, a deposit is generally either money received by banking or commercial companies with a view to employ it in their business, or documents, bonds, etc., lodged in security for loans.
in geology, a layer of matter formed by the settling down of mud, gravel, stones, detritus, organic remains, etc., which had been held in suspension in water.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Deposition
the evidence or statement of a witness on oath or affirmation, signed by the justice or other duly authorized official before whom it is given; an affidavit. DÉPÔT (dā pō or dep'ō), a French word in general use as a term for a place where goods are received and stored; hence, in military matters, a magazine where arms, ammunition, etc., are kept. The term is now usually applied to those companies of a regiment which remain at home when the rest are away on foreign service. In the United States it is the common term for a railway station.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Depot
de'po, a French word meaning a storehouse, as of provisions or merchandise. A railway warehouse for receiving and issuing freight is properly called a depot. The name should not be applied to a railway station designed for the accommodation of passengers. The parcel or baggage room is the only part of a station that might be called properly a depot or store room. A station is a depot only to such extent. In case of a building used for passengers and freight, the term station is to be preferred. See St. Louis
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Deprivation
the removing of a clergyman from his benefice on account of heresy, misconduct, etc. It entails, of course, loss of all emoluments, but not the loss of clerical character.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Depth
The contact point between a wheel and pinion.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
Deputy
one who exercises an office as representing another. Chamber of Deputies: : the lower of the two legislative chambers in France and in Italy, elected by popular suffrage, and corresponding in some respects to the House of Commons in Great Britain.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derajat
the fluvial portion of Daman, itself a comparatively narrow strip in the Punjab, India, between the Suliman Mountains and the Indus, and which, when duly irrigated, is singularly fertile. It is divided into four districts and has an area of 20,300 square miles, and a population (1891) of 1,643, 600. Dera Ghazi Khan, the capital of one of the districts, is about 2 miles W. of the Indus. Pop. 27,886. Dera Ismail Khan, capital of another district, is 4½ miles W. of the Indus. Pop. 26,884.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derbend
or DER- BENT (der-bent') ("gateway"), a port and capital of the former Russian district of Daghestan, on the W. shore of the Caspian, 140 miles N. W. of Baku. It is charmingly situated among vineyards and orchards and fields of maize and madder, on the declivity of a branch of the Caucasus, which here approaches very close to the water's edge. Derbend in 1485 on Thomas, second Lord Stanley, is surrounded by ancient walls. The upper city forms the citadel, and contains the splendid palace of the ancient khans, now the residence of the Russian governor. The harbor is inaccessible to all but small vessels; but a considerable trade is done at the four large markets held here yearly. Silk and cotton fabrics, earthenware and weapons are manufactured, and saffron is cultivated. Derbend was long considered the key of Persia on the N. W. side. It was captured by the Arabs in 728, by the Mongols in 1220, and frequently changed hands before it was formally incorporated with Russian Caucasia in 1813. In 1920 Daghestan was in the hands of the Bolshevik government of Russia. Pop. about 15,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derby Day
the name given to_two days of the racing season among Eng- (2) lish-speaking peoples: (1) The day on which the English Derby is run. The grand inauguration day of the summer season at Washington Park, Chicago, on which day the American Derby is run.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derbyshire Neck
a name given to bronchocele, from its being prevalent in some hilly parts of Derby co., England.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derbyshire Spar
also called fluorite, fluor-spar, and bluejohn ; is abundant in Derbyshire, and also in Cornwall, England. In the N. of England it is the gangue of the lead mines . It is found in almost every variety of color, red being the rarest.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derceto
the Greek name of a Syrian goddess, supposed to be the Dagon of the Philistines .
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derelict
a vessel or anything relinquished or abandoned at sea , but most commonly applied to a ship abandoned by the crew and left floating about .
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Derg
LOUGH, the largest lake expansion of the river Shannon, between Tipperary and Galway and Clare, in Ireland; is 24 miles long, with an average width of two miles; greatest depth, 80 feet. Its surface is about 100 feet above the sea. Another Lough Derg, in the S. of Donegal co., is 3 miles by 2½, has many small isles and rocks, and wild, dreary shores. Saint's Isle contains the remains of a priory. Station Island, the reputed entrance to St. Patrick's Purgatory, was long the most celebrated place of pilgrimage in Ireland.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia