Dortmund
a city of Prussia, province of Westphalia; on the Ems, 47 miles N. N. E. of Cologne. Its prosperity is due to its becoming the center of several important railway systems, to the extensive coal mines in the vicinity, and to the active manufactures of iron, steel , machinery, railway plant, etc. There are also a number of breweries, potteries, tobacco factories, es, chemical works, etc. It was once a free imperial Hanseatic town, and the seat of the chief tribunal of the Vehme . Pop . about 215,000.
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Dorus
the eponymous ancestor of the Dorians.
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Dory
a popular name for Zeus Faber, an acanthopterygious fish, the typical one of the family Zeidæ. It is found at times on the North Atlantic coasts and is much esteemed for eating. It is very commonly called John Dory, which is a corruption of the French Jaune-dorée = golden-yellow . Also a small two-oared boat used by fishermen and 'longshoremen. DOSITHEANS (from their founder, Dositheus), a sect founded by Dositheus, whose life and labors were in Samaria. The popular belief is that he was the first Christian "heretic." He is said to have been very rigid in his Sabbatarianism. His other opinions were partly Samaritan, partly Sadducean.
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Dostoevsky
FEODOR MICHAIL- OVITCH (dōs-to-yev'skē) a Russian novelist; born in Moscow , Nov. 11, 1821. His first book, "Poor Folk" (1846) is an example of his talent for psychological analysis. He was condemned to the Siberian mines in 1849 for a socialist conspiracy, but in 1859 returned to St. Petersburg and resumed literary work. Dead The thrilling "Memoirs of House," describes penal life in Siberia. His most celebrated novel is "Crime and Punishment" dramatized in France and the United States. "Complete Works," 14 volumes. There are translations of all of his works. He died in St. Petersburg, Feb. 8, 1881. a
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Dothan
a city of Alabama, the county-seat of Houston co. It is on the Atlantic Coast Line, the Central of Georgia, and the Atlanta and St. Andrews Bay railroads. It has important compressed cotton and fertilizer interests and manufactures of sashes and doors, ice, cotton-oil, and lumber. There are a library and other public buildings . Pop. (1910) 7,016; (1920 ) 10,034.
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Doto
one of the Nereids.
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Dottered
a species of plover which breeds in the N. of Europe , and returns to the S. for the winter. In Scotland it appears in April and leaves in August, the young being hatched in July. It is found all over Europe and northern Asia. Several species are represented in the United States, including the goldenplover, the kill-deer , and piping-plover.
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Douaumont
FORT, one of the outlying strongholds of Verdun, to whose capture the Germans devoted their main efforts during 1916 and 1917, their final failure signalizing their loss of the war. Fort Douaumont was termed by the Germans "the main pillar of the Verdun defenses," and had been captured by them in the last week of February, 1916. The fort was retaken by the Allied troops on May 22, 1916, only to be lost again two days later. On Oct. 24, 1916, the French recaptured it, after a furious engagement lasting several days. FEODOR DOSTOEVSKY DOUAY or DOUAI, an ancient French town, department of Le Nord, 108 miles N. by E. from Paris. Douay is the seat of a university, and possesses a good public library, containing upward of 36,- 000 000 volumes. Pop. about 36,000.
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Douay
doo-a', or Douai, one of the oldest cities in France. It is situated in the northeastern part of France in Calais county. It is a picturesque, odd city, with an old parish church, marketplace, town hall, and belfry. It is noted in history as the refuge of English Catholics. An English-speaking university was maintained here by them. Printing presses afforded facilities for publishing Catholic books in the English language. The Douay Bible, the English Bible of the Catholic church, was published here in 1609. At the time of the French Revolution the college and presses were driven out and were reestablished near Durham, England.
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Douay Bible
the English version of the Bible translated by the students of the Roman Catholic college at Douay, under the auspices of Cardinal Allen, the founder of that seat of education. The work was published at Douay in 1609, about two years before the appearance of King James' authorized Protestant Bible. The Douay version contains the Old Testament only. only, a translation of the New having been sent forth from the press at Rheims as early as A. D. 1582. The Douay version is the only English one which has obtained the sanction of the Pope.
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Double Bass
or BASE, the largest of the stringed instruments played with silver, which the debtor may choose to a bow. Its invention is attributed to Gaspar di Salo, 1580. It is made with three or four strings. The strings are usually tuned a fourth apart to the notes F, B, E, when three strings are employed, with the addition of the lower E, when there are four strings.
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Double Bassoon
the deepest-toned instrument of the bassoon family; also called contra-fagotto. It stands in the same relation to a bassoon as the doublebass does to the violoncello; that is to say, its sounds are actually an octave below those indicated. Its compass is from B flat below CCC to tenor F. The great masters have written for it largely. Haydn gives it an important part in several of his works, as do also Spohr, Beethoven, and Mendelssohn.
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Double Cloth
a descriptive term applied to textiles produced by uniting two distinct webs during the process of weaving. This is done by interlacing some of the warp threads of one web into the other web at regular intervals, thus fastening them together securely. A variety of double cloth is produced to fulfil various purposes. A cheaper material may be used for the lower or back web, thus producing a heavy cloth at less expense. A cloth of great bulk and thickness may be produced for overcoats and cloakings, which is more pliable and has a finer surface than could be produced by heavy yarns in a single cloth. Two-faced fabrics such as the plaid lined cloth so popular for golf capes and children's coats are produced in this way. A variety of fancy effects may be obtained by double weaving. Double-pile cloth has a pile on each side. If the pile is cut the fabric is called double plush.
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