Druse
DRUZE, DERUZ, or
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Single-source entries: D (69)
Each of these 13 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Drusus
the name of several distinguished Romans, among whom were: MARCUS LIVIUS, orator and politician; became tribune of the people in 122 b. c. He opposed the policy of Caius Gracchus, and became popular by planting colonies. MARCUS LIVIUS, son of the above, was early a strong champion of the senate or artistocratic party, but showed great skill in manipulating the mob. He rose to be tribune of the people, and was assassinated 91 b. c. NERO CLAUDIUS, brother of the Emperor Tiberius, born 38 b. c. By a series of brilliant campaigns he extended the Roman empire to the German Ocean and the river Elbe, and was hence called Germanicus. By his wife Antonia, daughter of Mark Antony, he had a daughter, Livia, and two sons, Germanicus and Claudius, the latter of whom afterward became emperor. He died in 9 b. C.
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Dry Fog
a haze due to dust or smoke in the atmosphere. Sometimes a haze caused by the mixture of air currents of different densities. A historic dry fog was that which occurred in 1783 over considerable portions of the northern hemisphere. Its source has been traced to extensive volcanic eruptions in Iceland and Japan.
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Dry Rot
a decay likely to attack seasoned timber or dead trees. It is due to the growth of peculiar plants of the fungi order. The branching threads, not unlike those of bread mold, penetrate the fibers of the wood and absorb its substance. Not infrequently a timber in a building or bridge, apparently sound, is found to be a mere shell full of crumbling white, yellow, or red dust. Notwithstanding the name, dry rot is more prevalent in the moist climate of Europe than in America. Oak is especially subject to its attacks. The fungus cannot grow in a timber kept perfectly dry. Soaking in creosote and painting before the spores get a footing are preventive measures. Building inspectors test for dry rot with a long awl or probe. The bones of living animals are sometimes attacked by a fungus growth, similar in its powdery effect to dry rot. Figuratively, and with reference to character, a person who preserves a fair outward appearance while inwardly losing strength, courage, and initiative is said to be affected with the dry rot.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Dry-sand Facing
Sand prepared exclusively for facing the surface of a dry-sand mould. Whilst there are, no doubt, many good mixtures for this purpose, the following will always be found reliable and trustworthy, as it works well in finishing, requires little or no venting, may be rammed very hard, and will not be seriously affected, so far as the mould is concerned, if it should not be thoroughly dry. Silicious or fire sand 8, moulding-sand 2, flour 1. Let the above ingredients be prepared medium dry, and mix for using with clay-water. The sands mentioned should be equivalent to the Jersey grades. See FACING-SAND; FACING.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Dry-sand Moulding
The art of preparing dried moulds, either in flasks, to be subsequently dried in the oven, or in the floor, when the drying must then be accomplished by suitably improvised means before casting. Moulding in dry-sand admits of exceedingly large and intricate castings being made with much less risk than in green-sand. Moulds rammed in flasks may, when dry, be placed in any desired position for casting, without any possibility of damage; hence cylinders and all similar castings are moulded in dry-sand, and placed in a vertical position for pouring. Dry-sand facing is used on the surface, but the flasks may be rammed with common sand off the floor. Usually the moulds are blackened and finished whilst green, and subsequently dried, closed, and cast. See DRY-SAND FACING; GREEN-SAND MOULDING; LOAM-MOULDING.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Dryad
or Hamadryad, ham'a-dri-ad, in Greek mythology, a wood nymph whose life was supposed to be bound up in that of her tree. The wanton destruction of a tree was therefore regarded as an impious act, to be punished by the vengeance of the gods. Erisichthon once felled a tree whose dryad was beloved by Ceres. As a punishment, he was afflicted with insatiable hunger. He ate everything he could get, selling all his possessions and his own daughter for food. At last he consumed his own limbs, and began eating his body before death released him. The dryads were partners of the god Pan in the dance. See Ceres; Pan
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Dryades
Nymphs that presided over the woods. Oblations of milk, oil, and honey were offered to them. Sometimes the votaries of the Dryads sacrificed a goat to them.
Only in 1000 Classical Characters
Dryas
a famous Spartan, slain by Diana in the Theban war.
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Drying-kettles
Perforated iron pans for drying moulds with. Another description of kettles for drying pan-copes that are struck in casings, and other similar purposes, is readily made by connecting two cast rings with vertical rods and crossing the bottom ring with loose bars. Instead of a ring for the bottom, a whole grate may be cast, if preferred in that manner. See LAMP; LANTERN.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Du Bois
a city of Pennsylvania, in Clearfield co. It is on the Buffalo and Susquehanna, the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, and the Pennsylvania railroads. The most important industry is the mining of bituminous coal. There are also glass and clay works, blast furnaces, railroad shops, machine shops, etc. There is a hospital and a public library. Pop. (1910) 12,623; (1920) 13,681.
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Du Chaillu
PAUL BELLONI (düshi-yü'), a French-American explorer and writer; born in Paris, July 31, 1835. His travels in Africa, in which he discovered the gorilla and the pigmies, are detailed in "A Journey to Ashango Land" (1867), and "My Apingi Kingdom" (1870). "The Land of the Midnight Sun" (1881) deals with Norway. "The Viking Age" (1887), is a more ambitious work, intended to recreate the old Norse civilization. Among his other works are: "Ivar the Viking"; "The Land of the Long Night" (1899); "The World of the Great Forest" (1900), and many books for the young. He died April 30, 1903.
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Du Guesclin
BERTRAND (dügā-klan), Constable of France; born about 1314. Mainly to him must be attributed the expulsion of the English from Normandy, Guienne, and Poitou. He was captured by Chandos at the battle of Auray in 1364, and ransomed for 100,000 francs. While serving in Spain against Peter the Cruel he was made prisoner by the English Black Prince; but was soon liberated. For his services in Spain he was made Constable of Castile, Count of Trastamare, and Duke of Molinas; and in 1370 he was made Constable of France. He died in 1380.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia