Dunciad
THE, a celebrated satirical poem by Pope, in which he gibbets his critics and foes. The first three books were published in 1728; the fourth or "New Dunciad," appeared in book 1742, with illustrations by Scriblerus and notes variorum. Cibber was latterly substituted for Theobald as the hero, and among others who figured in the satire were Ambrose Philips, Blackmore, Bentley, Defoe, Dennis, Shadwell and Settle. DUNDAS. (1) A baronial castle dating from the 11th to 15th centuries, with modern additions, on the S. bank of the Firth of Forth, near South Queensferry, the seat from about 1124 till 1875 of the family of Dundas. (2) A town of Wentworth co., Ontario, at the head of Burlington Bay, at the W. of Lake Ontario, with a number of mills and manufactories. (3) An island of British Columbia, 40 miles N. E. of Queen Charlotte Island and separated by Chatham Sound from the most southerly of the Alaskan islands. (4) A group of nearly 500 islets (also called the Juba Islands), all of coralline formation, lying off the E. coast of Africa, in about 1° S. lat., with only one secure harbor. (5) A strait in north Australia, separating Melville Island from Coburg Peninsula, about 18 miles broad.
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Dundee
a flourishing borough and seaport of Scotland in County Forfar, on the Tay, 8 miles from the sea, and 37½ miles N. E. of Edinburgh. It has a fine harbor, and splendid docks, and manufactures osnaburgs and other coarse linens, canvas and bagging for export, Dundee and colored threads and gloves. possesses many shipyards, sugar refineries, tanneries, and machine shops. Its linen trade is the largest in Great Britain. Pop. (1918) 181,777.
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Dunedin
capital of Otago, New Zealand; the most important commercial town in the colony; at the upper extremity of an arm of the sea, about 9 miles from its port, Port Chalmers, with which it is connected by railway. Though founded in 1848, its more rapid progress dates only from 1861, when extensive gold fields discovered in Otago attracted a large influx of population. It is well paved, lighted with gas, and has a good supply of water. There are many handsome buildings, both public and private. Wool is the staple export. Several woolen and other manufactories are now in existence. There is a regular line of steamers between this port and Melbourne, and communication is frequent with all parts of New Zealand. Pop., including suburbs, about 70,000.
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Dunfermline
a town in Fife, W. of Edinburgh; Scotland, 16 miles N. on a long swelling ridge, 3 miles from and 300 feet above the Forth, and backed by the Cleish Hills (1,240 feet), presents a striking aspect from the S. It is a place of antiquity, from 1057 till 1650 a frequent residence of Scotland's kings, and for more than two centuries their place of sepulture. It was here that Charles II. signed the Covenant in 1650. were In 1911 the boundaries of the burgh extended to the Firth of Forth. Considerable trade is done in linen manufactured here. Pop. about 28,000.
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Dunkards
a religious sect originating in Westphalia in 1708. They were driven out by persecution and migrated to Pennsylvania. From this state as a center, they have colonized in various states of the Union. They refuse to take an oath in court or to render military service. Among the practices of the sect are baptism by immersion, the washing of feet, the celebration of the Lord's Supper, refraining from lawsuits, a simple style of dress and plain living. They annoint the sick with sacred oil and refuse to give medicines. They now have over a thousand congregations, chiefly within the triangle limited by Pennsylvania, Virginia and Indiana. They are not communists.
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Dunkerque
or DUNQUERQUE, a fortified seaport town of France, department of Le Nord, 40 miles Lille. It is well built, and has several churches, a theater, concert hall, hospitals, a college, public library, and mili- . tary prison, and is defended by a citadel The churches are less remarkable for architecture than for the paintings they contain. Large sums were expended by the French Government on its harbor and docks; these it was agreed to demolish at the peace of Utrecht, but their destruction was never completed, and at the peace of 1783 they were restored. In 1388 this town was burned by the English; after which its possession was repeatedly contested by the French and Spanish. In 1658 it was given up to the English by Turenne; and in 1662, sold by Charles II. to Louis XIV., for $1,000.000. It was made a free port in 1826. In September and October of 1917 during the World War, the town was daily bombarded from sea and land, causing great . wreckage and considerable loss of life Population before the war about 40,000.
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Dunkers
or DUNKARDS, a sect of German Baptists, founded by by Alexander Mack, about A. D. 1708. Persecution drove them in 1723 to the United States, where they are now divided into four branches.
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Dunkirk
city and port of entry of Chautauqua co., N. Y.; on Lake Erie, and the Erie, the Nickel Plate, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, the Western New York and Pennsylvania, and the Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg railroads; 40 miles S. W. of Buffalo. It is an important shipping port, having a good harbor and facilities for freight handling. Its industries include a plant for the manufacture of locomotives, foundry, planing mills, grain and mills, grain and coal elevators, various other factories. It is a popular summer resort, with a beautiful park overlooking Lake Erie, and has a public library, orphan asylum, public schools, . Pop. (1910) 17,221; and national banks (1920) 19,336.
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Dunmore
a borough of Pennsylvania, in Lackawanna co. It is on the Erie and the Lackawanna railroads, and adjoins Scranton. The borough is an important anthracite coal region and there are manufactures of brick, stone, and silk. It is the seat of St. Mary's Academy, and several homes for children and for the aged. Pop. (1910) 17,615; (1920) 20,250.
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