Each of these 10 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a recently developed alloy of lead, valuable as a bearing metal. Its principal constituents, in addition to about 97 per cent lead, are barium, calcium, and a small amount of mercury. The melting point is 445 degrees C., and the loss of hardness at temperatures up to 150 degrees is exceptionally small. The alloy possesses agehardening properties and is practically non-oxidizable.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
AXEL, COUNT, a Swedish military officer; born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1755; came to America on the staff of Rochambeau; fought under Lafayette and received from Washingcoloring earned for him the name of the Spanish Titian. He died about 1579.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in botany, the action of pollen on the young seed in the ovary of the pistil. See article on FLOWER. When corn is in the silk the tassel is shedding a shower of yellow dust called pollen. Each grain of corn on the young cob has its thread of silk, the end of which just shows from the end of the husk. Grains of pollen must fall on the gummy ends of the silk, a grain of pollen for each thread, and send long, fine rootlets down the centers of the silk which are really hollow tubes, into the young seeds which then develop into grains of corn. Shelter the silk when the pollen is falling and the corn on that ear will not fill. In some plants the stamens touch the pistils; in some the pollen falls on the end of the pistil. Some plants are wind fertilized, and to some plants, as in most honey-bearing plants, the visitation of insects is necessary to bring pollen either from another or the same flower into touch with the open end of the pistil tube. See article on FIGS for a curious case of carrying pollen from one tree to the fruit of another. Whatever the way in which it may be done, no seed will fill unless a pollen root has grown down the pistil into it. See Cross-Fertilization
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
JOSEPH, Cardinal Archbishop of Lyons, and half-brother of Letitia Ramolino, mother of Napoleon I.; born in Ajaccio, Corsica, Jan. 3, 1763. He was educated in France for the Church; in 1790 he was appointed by his nephew, General Bonaparte, commissary-general of the army of Italy, in which capacity he realized a princely fortune. He afterward resumed his clerical studies, and adopting the profession, was, in 1802, consecrated Archbishop of Lyons. In the year afterward, Fesch received a cardinal's hat, and was sent to Rome as French ambassador. In 1804 he accompanied Pius VII. to Paris, to assist at the emperor's coronation, and in the following year was created Grand Almoner of France. As president of the Council of Paris, he energetically opposed his nephew on many occasions, and especially espoused the cause of the unfortunate Pope. He finally fell into disgrace with the emperor, and retired to Rome, where he died May 13, 1839.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
fes'ku, a genus of grasses. The fescues are akin to the brome grasses. There are about eighty species, widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone. The fescues are of less importance in America than in Europe, especially in England, where they form the chief reliance for lawns and pastures. They take the place largely of our timothy and blue grass .
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
SIMEON D., an American educator and congressman, born in Allen co., O., in 1861. He was educated at the Ohio Northern University and studied law at the same institution. He was professor of American history, head of the College of Law, and vice-president of the Ohio Northern University, from 1889 to 1902. From 1902 to 1907 he was graduate student and lecturer of the University of Chicago. In the latter year he was appointed president of Antioch College, ser serving until 1917. In 1910 he was delegate and vice-president of the Ohio Constitutional Convention. elected to Congress in 1913 and again in 1915. During this service he was chairman of the committee on education, and during the campaign of 1918 was chairman of the Republican National Congressional Campaign Committee. He wrote "Outline of United States History" (1897); "American Political Theory" (1907); and "Civics in Ohio" (1910).
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
WILLIAM PITT, an American statesman; born in Boscawen, assumed in the 13th century by the Franciscans by direction of their founder to mark the humble character of their claims. Specifically, one of the names claimed in the 14th century as a monopoly by the section of the Franciscans who remained true to the rigid rules of their founder when the majority of the order gradually welcomed some relaxation of their stringency. In 1317 Pope John XXII. ordered their extirpation and many of them were cruelly put to death.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a small town in northern France, three miles S. of Neuve Chapelle, the center of intensive fighting be tween the British forces and the Germans in the early part of the World War. From it was named the Battle of Festubert, which was a forward movement undertaken by the British during May, 1915, with the object of preventing the Germans from sending re-enforcements to Lens, where the French were being hard pressed. The battle proper began on the morning of May 9, 1915, the British offensive extend ing from Armentières to La Bassée. The attack lasted several days, but ended in failure, demonstrating the superiority of the Germans in heavy artillery at that time.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
PORCIUS, pro-Consul and Governor of Judæa, before ber whom St. Paul was accused by the Jews; but the apostle appealing to the emperor, Festus sent him to Rome. Also, a celebrated Latin grammarian who lived between the 2d and 4th centuries.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
or worshiping of a fetich. The word fetich is said to be derived from the Portuguese word fetiso, bewitched, and was applied originally to the objects worshiped by the negroes of Africa. The term is applied to anything in nature or art to which a magical power is ascribed, as stones, carved images, etc. Fetichism is the worship of material substances, and prevails very extensively among barbarous nations. Among them, tribes, families, and individuals have their respective fetiches; which are often objects casually selected, as stones, weapons, vessels, plants, etc., and the rude worshiper does not hesitate to chastise, or even throw away or destroy his fetich, if it does not seem to gratify his desires.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia