Each of these 11 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
A puddler's term for preparing the puddling-furnace hearth with a mixture composed chiefly of old furnace-bottoms, crushed and mixed with tap-cinder and scales. See MILL-CINDER; MALLEABLE IRON; PUDDLE-STEEL.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
rea formed branch of the Cistercian order of monks. It was founded by Jean de la Barrière, abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Feuillans near Toulouse, in 1577, to the grea great laxity of who, being opposed discipline that then prevailed, introduced a much more austere mode of life. They Sixtus V. were declared independent by V. in 1589. They were afterward divided, in 1630, into two congregations by Pope Urban VIII., who separated the French from the Italian.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
OCTAVE (fe-ya'), a French novelist; born in St. Lô, Aug. 11, 1821. "The Great Old Man" (1845) was his first story; but the "Romance of a Poor Young Man" (1858), (1858), which was . dramatized, first made him famous Among his numerous other novels are: "The History of Sibylla" (1862), "Julia de Trécœur" (1872), "A Marriage in Parisi- High Life" (1875); "Story of a enne"; "La Morte" (1886). He was also a successful playwright. He was elected to the Academy in 1863. He died in Paris, Dec. 29, 1890.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a disease or rather a whole group of diseases, one general, though not universal, symptom of which is increased heat of the skin, besides which the pulse is frequent, and various functions are disturbed. Fevers may be divided into continued, periodic, and eruptive or exanthematous. Under the first are ranked typhus, typhoid, and relapsing fevers; under the second, intermittents and remittents; and under the third variola, rubeola, and scarlatina. Yellow fever belongs to the remittent rather than the continued type; so also Puerperal fever does hectic fever. should be removed to the class of inflammations.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
To possess second sight . (See Teutons .)
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
fya'kr, a Parisian cab. The origin of the name is interesting. Saint Fiacre is the French patron saint of gardening. Carriages for hire were first kept at the inn of St. Fiacre about 1650. The Paris fiacre is a one-horse covered carriage designed to accommodate from one to four passengers. The fiacre may be entered from either side. An outside seat and boot in front serves for the driver and luggage. Automobiles are said to be driving the fiacre from the streets of Paris. See Carriage
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
ANTHONY, an American explorer; born in Jersey City Heights, in educated at Cooper 1869. He was Union and at the National Academy of Design in New York. After several years spent in various employments, including that of an art engraver, he became war correspondent for the Brooklyn "Daily Eagle" in the Spanish- American War, in which he took part as a 1st lieutenant of the infantry. In 1901-1902 he was photographer for the Baldwin-Ziegler Polar Expedition, and from 1903 to 1905 commanded a second expedition sent out under the same auspices. He accompanied Colonel Theoon the latter's trip dore Roosevelt through the Brazilian wilderness in 1913-1914, and made extensive explorations in that region. He served as captain in the machine-gun troop on the Mexican border in 1916-1917, and during the World War served as major in the National Army. He wrote "Fighting the Polar Ice" (1906).
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
plants that furnish fibrous or stringy material suitable for the manufacture of fabrics, strings, and paper. Fibers are obtained chiefly from the inner bark of plants, like the basswood, the elm, hemp, and flax; from the outer bark of grass-like plants; from the stems and leaves of such plants as the palm, the agave, the sisal; and from the wool-like covering of seeds. Cotton belongs to the last mentioned division. Over 1,000 varieties of fiber plants are known to exist. The chief six vegetable fibers of the world are cotton, flax, hemp, jute, manila, and sisal. Separate articles will be found under these headings. The reader is also referred to articles on RAMIE; RAFFIA; AGAVE; YUCCA; RATTAN; BAMBOO; PALMETTO; ESPARTO; COIR; CORDAGE.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
JOHANN GOTTIIEB, a German philosopher; born in Rammenau in Upper Lusatia, May 19, 1762; wrote his treatise, "Essay Toward a Critique of All Revelation" (1792), as a "letter of introduction" to Kant. He was appointed Professor of Philosophy in the Un University of Jena in 1794; and the following year published his "Doctrine of Science," a fundamental departure from Kant. Of his philosophical writings the most important are: "The Doctrines of Science" (1794); "Foundations of the Whole Doctrine of Science" (1794); "Introduction to the Doctrine of Science" (1798); "System of Moral "Man's Destiny" Doctrine" (1798); ; (1800). He died in Berlin, Jan. 27, 1814.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Johann Gottlieb (1762-1814), a German philosopher. He was born at Rammenau. He studied at Jena, Leipsic, and Wittenberg and became a private tutor. In 1793 he became professor of philosophy at Jena and was one of the most celebrated professors of that university during the time when it was most noted. On account of certain publications he was suspected of atheism, and, as a result of an inquiry, he resigned his professorship. Later he was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Berlin. Fichte's system was founded at first upon that of Kant, but gradually took a somewhat different direction. His philosophy may be regarded as pure idealism. He maintained that the "ego," the "I,"--the thinking soul--is the only reality; everything else is illusion, or at least may be illusion; we cannot be certain that there is any outside world. The senses are not to be trusted as a means of obtaining knowledge. Fichte was a man of the strictest integrity and of the noblest impulses. It was his constant aim to make his generation better, to incite his pupils to form high ideals, and to lead lives of loyalty and self denial, teaching them, as he did, the absolute omnipotence of the human will. See Kant ; Schelling
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
ARTHUR DAVISON, an American writer, born in Davenport, Ia., in 1883. He graduated from Harvard University in 1904 and after studying law was admitted to the bar in 1908. He was the author of several volumes of prose and poetry, including "From the "The Happy Hap Princess" Isles" (1907); (1907); "The Breaking of Bonds" (1910); "Twelve Japanese Painters" (1913); and "An April Elegy" (1917). During the World War he was captain of the Ordnance Department. He served in France until July, 1919, rising to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. of
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia