Forelands
NORTH and SOUTH, two headlands on the S. E. coast of England, and on the E. seaboard of the county of Kent: the first, or North Foreland, forms the N. E. angle of the county; it projects into the sea in the form of a bastion, and consists of chalky cliffs nearly 200 feet in height. A lighthouse of the first class, having a fixed light elevated 340 feet above the level of the sea, was erected on this promontory in 1688. The South Foreland, about 16 miles S. of the former, consists also of chalky cliffs, and has two lighthouses, with fixed lights, erected upon it, to warn ships coming from the S. of their approach to the Goodwin Sands. The North Foreland is made, by Act of Parliament, the S. E. extremity of the port of London.
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Foreordination
or PREDESTI- NATION, according to the Calvinistic view, the predestination before the foundation of the world of some to eternal life and others to eternal death. In the authorized version of the Scriptures, the word foreordination does not appear at all, and the word foreordain does not occur in this sense, but ordain does: "And as as were ordained to eternal life believed" (Acts xiii: 48); "Who were of old ordained to this condemnation" (Jude 4, 13).
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Forest City
a borough of Pennsylvania, in Susquehanna co. It is on the Delaware and Hudson, the Erie, and the New York, Ontario, and Western railroads. Its chief industries are coal mining and the manufacture of silk. It is also the center of an important agri- agr cultural region. Pop. (1910) 5,749; (1920) 6,004.
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Forest Park
a city of Illinois, in Cook co. It is 4 miles beyond the city limits of Chicago. It is on the Chicago Great Western, the Baltimore and Ohio, Chicago Terminal, and the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie railroads. It is also on the Des Plaines river. The town is a suburb of Chicago, and within its borders are several cemeteries. Pop. (1910) 6,594; (1920) 10,768.
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Foresters
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF, a benevolent and fraternal organization founded at Newark, N. J., in 1874 and reorganized in 1881. The order has members throughout the United States and Canada, with branches in Great Britain, France, Norway, Australia, and India. The responsibility for government is vested in a supreme court which sits in Toronto, Can., while high courts attend to the affairs of the order in the different States of the Union and in countries where branches exist. The number of members is now about 260,000, and the disbursements have amounted to over $50,000,000. In the United States there are a high court, and about 4,200 subordinate courts.
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Forestry Association
AMER- ICAN. An association organized in 1882 and incorporated in 1897, having among its purposes the promotion of a businesslike use of the forest resources of the United States, the advancement of legislation to that end and the inauguration of forest administration by the Federal Government and States, and the diffusion of knowledge in respect to the conservation and utilization of forests. As a result of its work committees have investigated forest conditions and issued reports of great value in forest renewal and management. The members number over 5,000. The headquarters are in Washington, D. C., and there a magazine, "American Forestry," is issued each month.
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Forfarshire
or ANGUS, a maritime county of Scotland, in the east midland division. It has an area of 873 square miles. The surface is for the most part irregular and intersected with hills. It is an agricultural and stockraising county. Its chief industries are the manufacture of jute and linen. Pop. about 285,000. The capital is Forfar.
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Forfeiture
in English law, is a punishment annexed to some illegal act or negligence in the owner of real property, whereby he loses all his interest therein, and it goes to the party injured, as a recompense for the wrong which either he alone or the public with him has sustained. Forfeitures are either civil or criminal. Civil forfeiture takes place when some alienation is made contrary to law, as in mortmain; or when a particular tenant aliens for a larger estate than he himself has, as when a tenant for life makes a conveyance in fee. Forfeiture for criminal causes takes place in treason or felony, and for one or two other offenses. Forfeiture by alienation is almost unknown in the United States, and the just principle prevails that the conveyance by the tenant operates only on the interest which he possessed, and does not affect the remainder man or reversioner. Constitution and laws of the Under the United States, forfeiture for crimes is nearly abolished; and when it occurs, the State recovers only the title which the owner had. An estate may be forfeited by a breach or non-performance of a condition annexed to the estate, either expressed in the deed at its original creation, or implied by law, from a principle of natural reason.
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Forges
a small village in France, about eight miles N. W. of Verdun, which figured prominently in the first attack by the Germans on Verdun, in March, 1916. It was taken and re-taken several times by both sides, but on that occasion was finally held by the Germans, who pressed on toward the main French position at Mort Homme. During these operations the village was almost entirely destroyed by gunfire.
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Forget-Me-Not
Myosotis palustris, the creeping water scorpion grass, a boraginaceous plant about a foot high. The flowers are bright blue, with a yellow eye and a small white ray at the base of each segment. It is found abun- Jantly in ditches and the sides of rivers, flowering from June to August. The name is also applied to Myosotis arvensis, Veronica chamædrys, and Ajuga chamæpitys.
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Forli
walled city of central Italy, capital of province of same name, in a fertile plain between the Montone and Ronco, on the Emilian Way, 38 miles S. E. of Bologna, and 15 S. W. of Ravenna. Manufactures, silk ribbons and twist, oil-cloth, woolens, wax, niter, and sulphur. In 1797 Forli was taken by the Fr French, who made it the capital of the department of Rubicon. In 1860 it was annexed to the kingdom of Italy. The collection of paintings in the municipal Pinacoteca is important. Pop. of commune, about 46,000.
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