Each of these 8 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a name often aselation, feel themselves free to adopt any which may result from their own indeopinion in religious or other matters pendent thinking. The name was speand 18th centuries took part on the anticially claimed by those who in the 17th Christian side in the deistic controversy. ish west African colony of Sierra Leone.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the capital of the Brit- It is on the left bank of the Sierra Leone river, about 5 miles from the coast. It is an important coaling station and is the headquarters of the British forces in west Africa. It has an excellent harbor which is well protected by fortifications . Among the notable buildings are a cathedral, a governor's palace, a technical school, and Fourah Bay College. Freetown is the chief seaport of west Africa and has important exports, including rubber, palm oil, nuts, and ginger. Pop. about 35,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
A technical term for the particular state of molten metal when it is losing its fluidity, or changing from the liquid to the solid state. See CONGEAL; SETTING.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
a mining town of Saxony, 19 miles from Dresden. It is the capital of the mining district of Saxony, and contains a mining academy founded in 1765, with 13 professors, fine scientific collections, among which is the celebrated collection of precious stones amassed by Werner, and a large the library. There is a fine relic called Golden Portal belonging to the ancient Church, which stood on the site of the its Gothic cathedral. The town owes origin to the discovery of silver mines. It is said to have about 150 mines of silver, copper, lead, and cobalt in its vicinity; but their product has fallen off. The manufactures are chiefly metal ware, feather goods, pigments, etc. Here, on Oct. 29, 1762, Prince Henry of Prussia defeated the allied Austrian and Saxon army. Pop. about 36,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
or FRIBOURG, a canton of Switzerland, between the canton of Berne and the Pays de Vaud; area, 564 square miles; rivers, the Broie and the Sarine. The principal lake is Morat. Freiburg is finely diversified with every kind of scenery, Alpine mountains, and verdant valleys. It lies principally in the basin of the Aar, and in the S. and E. is traversed by branches of the Bernese Alps, in which are Mt. Moleson, Dent de Folligrau, and Dent de Breulaire, respectively 6,580, 7,710 and 7,720 feet above the level of the sea. Cattle rearing and dairy husbandry are extensively followed. The annual product of cheese is about 40,000 hundredweight, principally the famous Gruyère cheese. Peat and timber are important products. Of the population, seven-eighths are Roman Catholics. Its capital, of the same name, occupies a wild and romantic situation on the Sarine, 16 miles from Berne. The best buildings are the Jesuits' Church and the Cathedral of St. Nicholas; the latter has a spire of 376 feet in height, and an organ of 7,800 pipes. There are four bridges across the Sarine, one of which is a suspension bridge 905 feet in length. Manufactures straw hats, earthenware, tobacco, playing cards; also tanning and dyeing. Pop. about 14,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a town of Germany, Republic of Baden; 32 miles N. N. E. of Basel. It is an open, well-built town; the walls and ditches with which it was formerly surrounded have been converted into promenades and vineyards. The cathedral, one of the most beautiful and perfect specimens of Gothic architecture in Germany, cruciform in shape, and built of red sandstone, was begun in 1122, but not completed till 1513. Its W. steeple, 381 feet high, is remarkable for its elegance and lightness. The university was founded in 1455. The chief manufactures are sewing sewi silk, cotton and thread, buttons, artificial beads, chicory, paper, parquetry, etc. Wine and timber are the chief articles of trade. Freiburg is the . Founded seat of a Catholic archbishop in 1091 by the Duke of Zähringen, and created a town in 1115, Freiburg has repeatedly changed masters; twice it was given over to France (1679-1697 and eventful 1744-1748). It also played an part in the Thirty Years' War. In 1806 to Baden; and in 1848 the Baden it fell revolutionists were defeated here by the troops of the German confederation. Pop. about 83,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
FERDINAND (fri' lig-rät), a German poet; born in Detfirst mold, Germany, June 17, 1810. His volume of "Poems" (1838), won a royal pension, which he renounced as discrediting his liberalism, publishing a "Confession of Faith" in verse (1844). Banished as a sower of sedition, he took refuge in Re- London till the Revolution of 1848. turning, he was tried for high treason ," for his poem "The Dead to the Living but acquitted; then threatened with pros- ; ecution for "Political and Social Poems" he returned to London and lived there till 1868. Many of his songs are widely popular. He was an admirable translator, notably from Scott, Shakespeare, and Longfellow. He died in Cannstatt, Germany, March 18, 1876.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
THEODORE, an , Millstone American lawyer; born in Millstone, N. J., March 28, 1787; was graduated at , and the College of New Jersey in 1804 the bar in 1808. In the admitted to War of 1812 he commanded a company of volunteers, and in 1817 became attorney-general of New Jersey, which office he held till 1829 when he was elected United States Senator. He was chosen chancellor of the University of nominated for New York in 1838; was Vice-President of the United States in of 1844; and in 1850 became president Rutgers College, which position on he retained until his death. He died in New Brunswick, N. J., April 12, 1862.
JOSEPH SHER- MAN, a United States senator from New Jersey, born in Raritan, N. J. in 1869. He engaged in business and became director and officer of many important financial institutions. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the New Jersey Senate in 1902, but was elected in 1904 and again in 1908. In 1910 he was president of the Senate and acting governor of the State. In 1916 he was elected to the United States Senate.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia