These 10 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Gas Meter, Gas Puddling, Gasquet.
a machine for measuring the quantity of gas passing through it. Citizen Seguin described a gas meter at the sitting of the National Institute of France, Oct. 6, 1797. The wet meter was invented by Clegg in 1807, and improved by Crosley in 1815. The dry meter was invented by Malam in 1820, and improved by Defries in 1838. GAS, NATURAL. See NATURAL GAS
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in iron-works, the puddling of iron by the use of gases instead of solid fuel.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
This class of coke is invariably unfit for cupola purposes, because it has not sufficient cohesiveness to sustain the weight of the charges above, and therefore crumbles, allowing much of the combustion to take place before it reaches the melting-point of the cupola, at which point it is always desirable to have the fuel compact and in good form to meet the full force of the blast. See COKE; COMBUSTION. Gas-pipe Vents are a safe and simple means of leading away the gases from vents where there is any possibility of molten metal forcing its way therein. If iron block-prints are used on the cores, as in steamway cores of cylinders, the ends may be threaded to screw into vent-holes that have been previously tapped in the iron print; if the print is sand, then taper the pipe about one inch, so that it may enter snugly. Venting that ordinarily would be intricate and untrustworthy is by this means made absolutely sure. See VENTING.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Mrs. Elizabeth Cleghorn Stevenson (1810-1865), an English novelist. She was born at Chelsea, but was brought up by an aunt at Knutsford in Cheshire. She married Mr. Gaskell, a Unitarian clergyman, in 1832. Her first story, Mary Barton, was published in 1848. Among her other novels are Ruth, The Moorland Cottage, Cranford, Sylvia's Lovers, Cousin Phillis. See Cranford
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
CARDINAL FRANCIS AIDAN. A French prelate. He was born in London in 1846 and was educated at Downside College, Bath, becoming after the usual course priest and member of the Benedictine order. In 1878 he was appointed superior of the Benedictine Monastery and College of St. Gregory, Downside, and in 1914 was made cardinal and intrusted by Pope Pius X. as president with overseeing the International Commission for the Revision of the Vulgate. For the purpose of that work he has since lived in Rome. His works include: "Edward VI. and the Book of Common Prayer"; "The Great Pestilence"; "The Old English Bible and Other Essays"; "Eve of the Reformaiton"; "English Monastic Life"; "Parish Life in Mediæval England."
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
. See Singeing
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
(See Hypnotism ). Gastromancy, or Divination from the Belly, is now generally explained by ventriloquism, the voice in both cases sounding low and hollow, as if issuing from the ground. Salverte enforces this opinion, and adds: "The name of Engastrimythes, given by the Greeks to the Pythiæ (priestesses of Apollo) indicates that they made use of this artifice." The explanation is only partial, and the text of Isaiah : Thy voice shall die as one that hath a familiar spirit," is inapplicable in such an argument. Those who are experienced in clairvoyance are aware that the voice is often reduced very low, in consequence of a change in the respiration. This was the case with some of the ancient Pythonesses, though instances may have occurred when ventriloquism was resorted to, as by the wizards of Greenland in our own time. Another method of practising the ancient gastromancy connects it with crystal-seeing, as vessels of glass, round, and full of clear water, were used, which were placed before several lighted candles. In this case, a young boy or girl was generally the seer, and the demon was summoned in a low voice by the magician. Replies were then obtained from the magical appearances seen in the illuminated glass vessels.
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
a romantic valley in the S. of the Austrian duchy of Salzburg, 28 miles long, with a number of small villages. The chief of these, Wildbad-Gastein, is a famous wateringplace, and was a favorite resort of the Emperor William I. of Germany. Here, Aug. 14, 1865, a convention was signed between Austria and Prussia, which, by a partition of Schleswig and Holstein, for a short period prevented the rupture between the rival powers. Pop. of the valley about 5,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in zoölogy, gasteropods; the most typical, though not the most highly-organized class of the sub-kingdom Mollusca. Its essential character is that the under side of the body constitutes a single muscular foot, on which the animal creeps or glides. Most of the gasteropoda have univalve shells, a few have them tubue lar or conical; in one the shell is multivalve, and in some it is internal or wanting. Most of the spiral shells are dextral, a few are sinistral. Some have an operculum closing the aperature of the shell. The animal has a head furnished with two, four, or six tentacles, or these are wholly wanting. There is a mantle, in the folds of which the shell is produced. Some breathe air, the others water. Cuvier divided the gasteropoda into eight orders (1) Pectenibranchiata, (2) Scutibranchiata, (3) Cyclobranchiata, (6) Tectibranchiata, (7) Inferoata, (4) Tabulibranchiata, (5) Pulmonbranchiata, (8) Nudibranchiata. Woodward and others have divided the class into four orders only. (1) Prosobranchiata, including the first four of Couvier's orders, (2) Pulmonata, corresponding to his 5th, (3) Opisthobranchiata, comprehending his 6th, 7th, and 8th orders; and (4) Nucleobranchiata, which Cuvier had made a distinct class-Heteropoda (q. v.). The Prosobranchiata have been arranged in two divisions: Siphonostomata, and Holostomata; and the Opisthobranchiata also in two: Tectibranchiata and Nudibranchiata. In palæontology, gasteropoda are found in all the formations from the Upper Cambrian rocks till now.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a Duke of Nemours, a French soldier; born in 1489. He was son of John de Foix, Count d'Estampes, and Mary of Orleans, sister of Louis XII. whose favorite he became. At the age of 23 he routed a Swiss army, rapidly crossed four rivers, drove the Pope from Bologna, and won the celebrated battle of Ravenna, April 11, 1512, but was killed while attempting to cut off a body of retreating Spaniards.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia