Gladden, Washington
Washington (1836-), an American clergyman and author. He was born at Pottsgrove, Pennsylvania. He received his education at Williams College, and was ordained in the Congregational church. In 1882 he became pastor of the First Congregational church of Columbus, Ohio. He wrote many books on social reforms and other subjects. Among them may be mentioned, Who Wrote the Bible, Plain Thoughts on the Art of Living, Burning Questions, Art and Morality, The Christian Pastor, How Much is Left of the Old Doctrine, Workingmen and Their Employers. Mr. Gladden was a firm believer in the independence and influence of the American pulpit. He said: I do not believe that there is any place of influence in the world in which a man can be as free as in the Christian pulpit. . . . Unquestionably there is cowardice and subserviency in the pulpit, as everywhere else. But there need not be. . . . I have been saying things, with no sense of restraint, during the last fifty years, that I should not have been so likely to say if I had been a journalist or a college professor. . . . I doubt if any other kind of work would have given me so large an opportunity as my churches in North Adams and Springfield and Columbus have given me to speak my deepest thought.
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Gladen, The Root of
Regarded as a remedy for a disease called the "Elf cake," which causes a hardness of the side. The following is the prescription given in A Thousand Notable Things for the making up of the medicine :-" Take a root of gladen, and make powder thereof, and give the diseased party half a spoonful thereof, to drink in white wine, and let him eat thereof so much in his pottage at one time, and it will help him within awhile."
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Gladsheim
in Scandinavian mythology, the most splendid palace in Asgard. The word means "house of gladness" or "region of joy." It is mentioned sometimes as the home of Odin, but Gladsheim contained, besides Odin's throne, a throne for each of the twelve Aesir or great gods. Odin's throne rose higher than any of the others. The great banquet hall of Gladsheim was called Valhalla. Here Odin gathered his warriors. That valiant men might not be lacking on the day of the last great battle, which must surely come, Odin sent forth his messengers, the Valkyrior, to every earthly battlefield to choose those who should be slain, that they might be brought to Valhalla. The word Valhalla means "hall of the slain."
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Glammis
a village of Scotland, five miles S. W. of Forfar. Near it is Glammis Castle, in which is still shown the chamber in which Malcolm II. was assassinated in 1034. It was one of the castles of Macbeth, and gave him his hereditary title of Thane of Glammis.
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Glamorganshire
a county of Wales, in the southernmost part. Its chief industries are the mining of iron and coal. It has also extensive agricultural and cattle raising interests. The chief towns are Cardiff, the capital, Merthyr-Tydfil, and Swansea. The county has an area of 809 square miles. Pop. about 1,200,000.
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Glamourie
The state of mind in which witches beheld apparitions and visions of many kinds. Of the same nature as phantasy.
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Glanyil, Joseph
(1636-1680) An English philosopher who wrote several works dealing with occult affairs, was born at Plymouth, and became a Church of England clergyman with charges at Frome Selwood and Streat and Walton. In 1666 he was appointed to the Abbey Church, Bath, was made a prebendary of Worcester Cathedral, and was chaplain in ordinary to Charles II. from 1672. In his scepsis Scientifica (1665) his Sorcerers and Sorcery (1666) and his Sadducismus Triumphatus (printed 1681) he undertook the defence of the belief in the supernatural, and supplied many illustrations in support of his theory.
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Glarus
a canton of Switzerland, bounded by the cantons of St. Gall, the Grisons, Uri, and Schwyz; area, 267 square miles; capital, Glarus. Glarus. It is an Alpine region, trenched by the valley of the Linth or Limmat and its lateral vales, and rising in its S. W. corner, in the Tödi peak, to an altitude of 11,887 feet. The rearing of cattle and the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods are the chief occupations of the people. The green cheese called Schabziger is wholly made here. Pop. about 34,000.
a town and capital of the Swiss canton of Glarus; 43 miles S. E. of Zurich. It was founded by an Irish monk, Fridolin, in the end of the 5th century. Zwingli was pastor here from 1506 to 1516. Glarus, having been peopled by German settlers, passed after various changes into the possession of the dukes of Austria, but ultimately secured its independence by the victories of Näfels in 1352 and 1388. In 1450 it joined the Swiss Confederation. Pop. about 5,000.
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Glas Ghairm
A rhyme or spell of Scottish origin, by the use of which one could keep a dog from barking, and open a lock, and supposed to be of special value to young men in their courtship days. About twenty years ago a wellknown character in Skye, named Archibald the Lightheaded, was believed to know this incantation; but he repeated it so quickly that no one could understand what he said. This poor man was insane; but the fear which dogs had of him was ascribed to his knowledge of the Glas Ghairm. It was believed that this rhyme had some reference to the safety of the Children of Israel on the night before the Exodus: against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast." 66
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Glaspell
SUSAN (MRS. GEORGE CRAM COOK), an American author, born in Davenport, Ia., 1882. After graduating from Drake University, she took a post-graduate course in the University of Chicago. In 1913 she married George Cram Cook. For some time she was State house and legislative reporter; she then began to attract attention by her short stories published in the magazines. She was identified with the Little Theater movement, through the Provincetown Players, and wrote a number of one-act plays. Her fiction is rather emotional and sentimental. Among her "The Glory of the Conworks are: "The Visioning" quered" (1909); (1911); "The Lifted Masks" (1912); "Fidelity" (1915); "Trifles" (1917); and, in collaboration with her husband, "Suppressed Desires" (1917). Among her plays the most noteworthy is "Bernice" (1920).
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