Each of these 10 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a town of South Holland, on the right bank of the Hollaendsche Yassel, 13 miles N. E. of Rotterdam. The Church of St. John has a suite of magnificent stained glass windows (1560-1603) by the brothers Crabeth, and a fine organ.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a town of New South Wales, 134 miles S. W. of Sydney; with several tanneries, boot and shoe factories, flour mills, and breweries, and a busy trade in agricultural produce. The seat of an Anglican and of a Roman Catholic bishop, it contains a handsome Church of England cathedral (Gothic, consecrated in 1884), and a Roman Catholic cathedral. It has also a Catholic college and a convent. Pop. (1917) 10,646.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JAY, an American financier; born in Roxbury, N. Y., May 27, 1836; was brought up on his father's farm; attended Hobart College a short time, acquired a taste for mathematics and surveying; made surveys of Ulster, Albany, and Delaware counties, and began his railroad career directly after the panic of 1857; invested in bonds of the Rutland and Washington railroad, and became president, treasurer, and superintendent of the road. Soon afterward he effected roadati Rensselaer and Saratoga road, withdrew his capital, removed to New York, opened a broker's office, and began dealing in Erie stocks and bonds. In association with James Fisk, Jr., he entered the directory of the company, and was elected president, with Fisk as vice-president and treasurer. On the reorganization of the company, 1872, he lost official connection with it. He then invested heavily in the various Pacific railroads, secured control of a number of important lines, built branches, and effected combinations which resulted in the establishment of what is known as the "Gould system." He died in New York City, Dec. 2, 1892, leaving property valued at $72,000,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Jay (1836-1892), an American capitalist. He was a native of New York and a graduate of Hobart College. Through his profession of surveying he became interested in the railroads of New York and Vermont. He adopted a policy which has enriched many,--that of buying up the stock of railroads in a disorganized condition and afterward selling at a high price. He established himself in Wall Street and accumulated wealth rapidly. Beginning with the Erie, he acquired control of a number of railroads and feeders, which he organized into what is known as the Gould System, still under the control (1910) of his son, George Jay. In 1869 Gould's firm cornered the New York supply of gold, controlling, it is said, about $15,000,000. Those who were obliged to buy gold to meet their obligations were forced to pay his prices. The United States treasury was obliged to interfere. Friday, September 24, is still referred to as Black Friday. Gould and his partner are supposed to have made at least $11,000,000 by their operations.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
CHARLES FRANÇOIS (gö-no'), a French composer; born in Paris, France, June 17, 1818. He studied at the conservatoire under Halévy, Lesueur, and Paer. Obtaining the first prize in 1839, he was sent to Rome and while there devoted himself chiefly to religious music. A "Solemn Mass," was the first work which brought him into general notice. His first opera, "Sappho," was produced in 1851. His comic opera, "The Physician in Spite of Himself" (1858), was a great success; it was followed in 1859 by "Faust," his chief work, which raised its composer to the foremost rank of contemporary musicians. It was followed by "Philemon and Baucis" (1860); "The Queen of Sheba" (1862); "Mireille" (1864); "Romeo and Juliet" (1867); "Polyeucte" (1878); "The Tribute of Zamora" (1881). He also published much church music, and was popular as a song-writer. From 1870 to 1875 he resided in England. He was a member of the Institute (1866), and a commander of the Legion of Honor (1877). He died in St. Cloud, France, Oct. 18, 1893.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
gord, the fruit of a vine allied to the squash, pumpkin, and melon. Gourds have hard, thin shells, which fit them well for ornaments and household utensils. Some of the tribes of interior Africa were found by Dr. Livingstone to have almost no other utensils; dippers, bottles, baskets, and buckets being made from the calabash gourd. The fruit of the calabash tree of the West Indies is used by the natives for similar purposes, whence its name. Some idea of the variety of shapes may be had from names selected from a catalog, as bonnet, dipper, spoon, powder horn, ostrich egg, etc. See Pumpkin ; Squash
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
a watering place of Renfrewshire, Scotland, on the Firth of Clyde, 3 miles W. N. W. of Greenock, by a railway opened in 1889, since which time it has become the starting point of Irish and other steamers. At Kempoch Point here, behind which rises Barrhill (478 feet), stands "Granny Kempoch," a prehistoric monolith associated with the witches of Renfrewshire (1662). In 1688 the first red herring ever cured in Great Britain was cured at Gourock.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a disease of the joints, particularly of the knees and feet. Medical authorities are uncertain as to the cause and nature of gout. It is accompanied by the accumulation of a salty acid in the afflicted joints, and causes most excruciating pain. To step on a man's gouty toe is an unpardonable offense. The disease is supposed, at least by those who do not have it, to be the result of high living, especially the drinking of wine. Doctors say it is prevalent among rich and poor on both sides of the Atlantic. The traditions of literature localize the gout as an aristocratic disease peculiar to England. A predisposition to gout may be inherited. It manifests itself in middle age, and more frequently in men than in women. See Disease
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
a small island at the main entrance of Boston Harbor; Fort Winthrop is built on it. Also an island in New York harbor; Fort Williams, the headquarters of the Military Department of the East, U. S. A., is built on it.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JOHN, an early English poet, a contemporary and friend of Chaucer; born about 1330. His chief works are his "Thinker's Mirror," "Voice of One Crying," and "Lover's Confession," of which the first was a moral tract relative to the conjugal duties, written in French rhymes (now lost); the second a metrical chronicle of the insurrection of the commons under Richard II., in Latin elegaic verse; and the third an English poem in eight books, containing 30,000 lines, relative to the morals and metaphysics of love, one of the earliest ducts of the English press, being printed by Caxton in 1483. He died about 1408.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia