Guadalupe
a river rising among the mountains in Kerr co., Tex,; flows a general E. and S. E. course through Blanco, Comal, Guada, Gonzales, De Witt, and Victoria counties, and enters Espiritu Santo Bay between Calhoun and Refugio counties. GUADALUPE-HIDALGO (gwä-thälö pā-ē-dälgō), a village of the Federal District in Mexico, at the foot of Guadalupe mountain; 5 miles N. of Mexico City. It has a famous brick cathedral, the richest in all Mexico. Here is preserved a miraculous picture of a brown Virgin, painted on a peasant's coarse cloak. The treaty which ended the war with the United States was signed here, Feb. 2, 1848. Pop. about 6,000.
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Guaiacum
a genus of Zygophyllaceæ, tribe Zygophylleæ. Guaiacum officinale is an ornamental tree with blue flowers, growing in Jamaica. The wood furnishes Lignum vitæ; its resin is called gum guaiacum. The leaves of G. sanctum are used in the West Indies as a substitute for soap. The bark and wood of both species are used as sudorifics, diaphoretics, or alteratives. GUALEGUAYCHÚ (-chö'), a town of Entre Rios, Argentine Republic, on the Gualeguaychú river. Besides slaughtering and salting works, it has an extract of beef factory.
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Guanajuato
city and capital of Guanajuato, Mexico, on both sides of a deep ravine, traversed by a mountain tween Bolivia and Brazil. It unites with stream that in the rainy season is swelled to a foaming torrent. The streets are steep and tortuous, the houses frequently of four or even five stories. The public buildings include a large government palace, a mint, barracks, a cathedral, several convents and colleges, an art school, and the Alhondiga, a public granary. It is a mining town; its handsomest private houses belong to the wealthy proprietors of mines, and it contains several amalgamation works, others lining the cañon for several miles. There are also blanket factories and cotton printing works, electric lights and telephones. Pop. about 36,000.
a State of Mexico; area, 11,370 square miles. The greater part of the surface belongs to the lofty plateau of Anahuac, and is traversed by the Sierra de Gorda in the N. and the Sierra de Guanajuato (11,030 feet) in the center; the S. W. portion belongs to the fertile plain of Bajio. The riches of Guanajuato con consist chiefly in its valuable mineral products; there are large numbers of gold, silver, lead, copper, and quicksilver mines worked. Stock-raising is of some importance, but agriculture is little pursued, although the soil yields most products of both the temperate and tropical zones; a noteworthy article of export is chillies. Large cotton and woolen factories have been established by foreigners. Pop. State, 1,086,000.
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Guard Pin
See Safety Pin.
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Guarini
GIOVANNI BATTISTA (gwä-rēnē), an Italian poet; born in Ferrara, Dec. 10, 1537; studied at Pisa, Padua, and Ferrara, and was appointed to a chair at Ferrara. At the age of 30 he accepted service at the court of Ferrara, and was intrusted by Duke Alfonso II. with various diplomatic missions. His chief and most popular work, "The Faithful Swain," passed through 40 editions in the author's lifetime, though it is really an imitation of Tasso's "Aminta." He died in Venice, Oct. 4, 1612.
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Guatavita
a village of the republic of Colombia, 20 miles N. E. of Bogotá. Previous to the Spanish conquest it was a town of great importance, and on the banks of the Lake of Guatavita near it are the ruins of many once magnificent and venerated Peruvian temples.
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Guava
gwa'va, a genus of shrubs and small tropical trees. The common or white guava is from seven to twenty feet in height, and bears smooth, yellow, pearshaped fruit, the size of a hen's egg. The rind is thin and crisp. The pulp is flesh colored, sweet, and aromatic, full of bony seeds. The rind is used for marmalade. Very excellent preserves are made of the pulp. The guava is cultivated in the East and in the West Indies .
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Guayaquil
a city and capital of Guayas province, Ecuador; in the valley of the Guayas, 30 miles above its mouth. Most of the houses are built of bamboo or wood and earth, and covered with creepers. The custom house is the most noteworthy of the public buildings, which include a cathedral and a townhall. In 1889 a statue to Bolivar was erected. The leading manufaccombined turing establishments are steam sawmills, foundries, and machine shops; and the place is noted for its straw hats and hammocks. Cocoa represents five-sixths of the exports, which include coffee, ivory nuts, rubber, hides and specie. The city has gas lights, street railways, and an improved waterworks system. It was founded by Ore- Ilana in 1537, and removed to its present site in 1693. Pop. (1919), 93,851.
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Guaymas
a well-sheltered port of Mexico, on the Gulf of California, the terminus of the Sonora railway (353 miles S. by W. of Benson, an Arizona station on the Southern Pacific railroad). It is a small place, excessively hot, surrounded by barren mountains, and mostly inhabited by Indian fishermen; but already it exports precious metals, wheat, flour, etc., in considerable quantities, and its trade is increasing.
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Gubbio
the ancient Iguvium or Eugubium, a city of central Italy, on the S. W. declivity of the Apennines, 20 miles N. N. E. of Perugia. It has a 13th century cathedral, several mediæval palaces, the Brancaleoni with a valuable picture-gallery, and remains of an ancient theater. The celebrated Eugubine Tables are preserved in the town house. Gubbio was noted for its majolica ware, which was brought to perfection by Giorgio Andreoli in 1517-1537, by his GUÉRIN delicate use of a beautiful ruby luster. Two celebrated yellow lusters were also used on Gubbio majolica.
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Guben
a town and riverport in the province of Brandenburg, Prussia, at the head of the navigable portion of the Neisse, 28 miles S. of Frankfort-on-the-Oder. The town was destroyed by the Hussites in 1434 and 1437, and was twice occupied by the Swedes during the Thirty Years' War. Pop. about 38,600.
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Guecubu
Among the Araucanians, a people of Chili, the Guecubu are evil spirits, who do all in their power to thawrt and annoy the Great spirit, Togin, and his ministers.
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