Guess
George. See Cherokee; Sequoia
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Single-source entries: G (65)
Each of these 11 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Gueux
or "The Beggars," the name assumed by the confederated nobles who opposed the introduction of the Inquisition into the Low Countries by Philip II. of Spain. Forming themselves into they presented a formal protest to the an association, November , 1565 , regent, Margaret of Parma, April 5, 1565. Their distinctive party name they to them on that occasion by one of Maradopted from an abusive epithet applied represented the national feeling of the garet's courtiers . The "beggars," who country, maintained a long and vigorous contest against the despotic proceedings of Philip and his advisers, but were ultimately compelled to succumb to superior force. A branch of them, "the Beggars of the Sea," under the leadership of the bold Count de la Marck, seriously harassed the Spanish fleet, captured transports with supplies for Alva's army, seized several fortresses, and succored besieged places along the coast. Their capture of Briel in April, 1572, was the beginning of the war which terminated in the independence of the Netherlands in 1648.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guido Reni
an Italian painter; born in Calvenzano, Nov. 4, 1575. He studied under Calvaert, and entered the school of the Caracci. His earliest works, of which the "Coronation of the Virgin," in the National Gallery, London, is an example, are marred by rather harsh and violent coloring; but coming under the influence of Caravaggio, he adopted many of the qualities of his art. About 1596 he settled in Rome, where he worked for some 20 years, adopting a graceful style, of which the famous "Aurora and the Hours," painted on the ceiling of the pavilion of the Rospigliosi Palace, is a typical example, as is also the "Nativity," in the choir of San Martino at Naples. He died at Bologna Aug. 18, 1642.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guienne
one of the old French provinces, comprehending the present departments of Gironde, Lot, Dordogne, Aveyron, with portions of Tarn-et-Garonne and Lot-et-Garonne. It formed with Gascony what was originally the country of Aquitania, of which name Guienne is a corruption.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guild
a society or body of individuals associated together for carrying on commerce, or some particular trade or business. There existed at Rome various fraternities of tradesmen, which bore a considerable resemblance to our modern guild, and were permitted to regulate their affairs by their own laws; but it is usual to trace the origin of guilds to the Middle Ages. As soon as the citizens acquired an influence in the administration, the guilds became the basis of the municipal constitutions, and everyone who wished to participate in the municipal government was obliged to become a member of a guild. Guilds introduced the democratic element into society, and in their progress became the bulwarks of the citizen's liberty and the depositaries of much political power. By the close of the 12th century merchants' guilds were general throughout the cities of Europe. The Drapers' Company of Hamburg dates from 1153, and that of the Shoemakers of Magdeburg from 1157. With the increase of their wealth and strength, the guilds either purchased or extorted from their rulers privileges which, once obtained, they were careful never to give up. By the 13th century they had acquired considerable power, and in the course of two successive ages they counterbalanced the power of the nobles.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guildford
a town and county-seat of Surrey, England, in a break of the chalk ridge of the North Downs, on the navigable Wey, 30 miles S. W. of London. Its houses are still rich in quaint gables, projecting fronts, and long latticed windows. The square Norman keep of its royal castle is 70 feet high with walls 10 feet thick; on St. Catherine's Hill is a ruined chapel (1313); Abbot Hospital, founded in 1619 by Archbishop Abbot for 12 brethren and 8 sisters, is a picturesque red brick pile; and other buildings are the churches of St. Nicholas, St. Mary, and the Holy Trinity, the guildhall (1687), county hall (1862), county hospital (1868), and grammar school (1509- 1550). Guildford is famous for its grain market, the "Surrey wheats" being celebrated. It was bequeathed in 901 by Alfred the Great to his nephew Ethel wald, and in 1036 was the scene of the decimation by King Harold's men of the Norman followers of Alfred the Atheling, a crime that led up to the Norman conquest of England. The Dauphin Louis took the castle in 1216; and in 1685 Monmouth was temporarily confined in Abbot Hospital. Pop. about 23,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guilford College
a coeducational institution in Guilford, N. C.; founded in 1837 under the auspices of the Society of Friends, reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 15; students, 177; president, Raymond Binford.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guilford Court-House
a village in Guilford co., N. C.; about 5 miles from Greensboro; noted for a battle fought between the Americans under General Greene and the British under Lord Cornwallis, on March 15, 1781. The Americans numbered about 4,400 and the British 2,400. Both armies lost heavily, and the engagement was indecisive.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Guillaume de Carpentras
An astrologer who made for King René of Sicily, and for the Duke of Milan, astrological spheres, from which horoscopes were drawn. He made for Charles VIII. of France one which cost twelve hundred crowns. This sphere contained many utilities, and was so contrived that all the movements of the planets, at any hour of the day and night, were to be found there.
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
Guillaume de Paris
He is said by the demonologists to have made speaking statues, like those made by Roger Bacon- Gurney a thing which could only be done by diabolical agency.
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
Guillemot
gil'le-mot, a web-footed bird closely related to the loon or else to the extinct auk. It nests on the ledges of rocky cliffs along both shores of the North Atlantic, laying a single white, pear-shaped egg, about three inches in length. The bird is said to carry its young on its back from the cliff to the water. Prodigious numbers nest together on these rocks. Until lately, at least, they were so unaccustomed to danger from man that they allowed themselves to be taken by hand; hence the term, "foolish guillemot." The wings are very small, yet the bird flies reasonably well. The legs are placed well back like those of a loon, which, indeed, the guillemot resembles more than any other bird with which inland Americans are at all familiar. It is an expert diver and lives on a fish diet. See Auk ; Loon
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia