These 13 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Graudenz, Gravel, Gravelines.
a town in the province of West Prussia, Germany; on the Vistula, 37 miles N. of Thorn. It carries on a trade in corn, wool, and cattle, and has iron foundries, breweries, and tapestry and cigar manufactories. About a mile N. of it on a hill is the fortress of Graudenz, built in 1776, defended against the and successfully French in 1807. It was maintained as a fortress till 1874, and now serves as a barrack and military prison.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
small pebbles, stones, or fragments of stone, intermixed with sand loam, clay, flints, etc., formed by the action of water upon disintegrated portions of rock. In pathology, the presence of minute concretions in the urine. It is usually owing to the presence of uric acid, urates, oxalates, and phosphates. Among exceptional urinary calculi are carbonate of lime, cystine, xanthine, fatty and fibrinous concretions. The chief symptoms are dull, aching pains over the renal regions, extending to the thighs.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a town in the department of Nord, France; at the mouth of the Aa, 13 miles E. N. E. of Calais. Considerable historical interest is attached to the place, as the scene of Egmont's victory over the French (1558), and the place off which the English dis- It was persed the Armada (1588). taken by the French in 1644, retaken by 10 weeks' siege in the Austrians after a 1652, and finally recaptured in 1658 by Louis XIV., who had it fortified by Vau- . about 6,000. ban. Pop
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a village of Lorraine, 7 miles W. of Metz. There, under on Aug. 18, 1870, the French Bazaine sustained a severe defeat by the Germans.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a port and borough of Kent, England, on the Thames, 24 miles . It consists of the E. S. E. of London old town, with narrow, irregular streets, eers, and of the handsome new town on the high ground. In the vicinity are extensive market gardens; and many of the inhabitants are employed in fishing. Gravesend forms the limit of the port of London; and here pilots and customhouse officers are taken on board of vessels going up the river. It carries on some shipbuilding, iron-founding, soapmaking, and brewing, and a consider able trade in supplying ships' stores. Gravesend was incorporated under Elizaa hythe, or landing beth; was originally place; and is mentioned as such in Domesday. Here the fleets of early voyagers, as that of Sebastian Cabot in 1553, and of Martin Frobisher in 1576, assembled, and here the lord mayor, aldermen, and city companies of London were wont to receive all strangers of eminence and to conduct them up the river in state. Pop. about 30,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of liquid or solid bodies.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
CENTER OF. See CENTER OF GRAVITY, under CENTER.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
See SPECIFIC GRAVITY. Gray Pig-iron is all pig-iron that contains a large proportion of its carbon in a graphitic state. Such irons may be distinguished by their crystalline fracture and dark-gray color. See CAST IRON. Green-sand is moulding-sand in a moist condition, and suitably mixed to form moulds in which the metal can be poured at once, without subsequent drying. See FACING-SAND; DRY-SAND MOULDING; GREEN-SAND MOULDING; DAMPNESS.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
The tendency which a body has towards the center of the earth.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
in physics, the terrestrial gravitation, the operation of the law of gravitation on the earth, specially in making heavy bodies fall in all parts of the planet in the direction of its center. Newton and Bessel have shown that in a vacuum a sovereign and a feather will fall with equal speed, though the rate will be very different in the atmospheric air. The attraction of the whole earth, considered as a sphere, on a body at its surface, is the same as if the whole matter of the earth were collected at its center. The attraction of the earth on a body within its surface is the same as if the spherical shell situated between the body and the earth's surface was removed; or is the same as if all the matter situated nearer to the earth's surface than the body was collected at the center, and all the matter situated at a greater distance was removed. The weight of a body is proportioned to the attraction which it exerts, hence gravity in many cases means simply weight.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
SPECIFIC, in physics, the relative density of a substance; the weight of a body compared with that of another body having the same magniweighed tude. To obtain this, it is first in air, which shows its absolute weight. Next it is weighed in water, to show how much it loses in this element. There absolute have now been ascertained the weights of two bodies of equal bulk-viz., the one experimented on, and water, and also the ratio of these weights is that of their specific gravities. Let 1 be the weight of water, and first let the body that liquid, then the be heavier than weight which it loses in water is to the absolute weight as 1 to the specific grav- If lighter than water, ity required. as the then weight of the body in air, it sink plus the weight needful to make in water, is to its weight in air, so is 1 to the specific gravity. On this principle are constructed such instruments as Nicholson's portable balance. In solids and liquids the standard is generally disfor the gases, atmospheric tilled water; air. Specific gravity is proportionate to words may be used aldensity, and the most interchangeably.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
An escapement is which the train raises a lever a constant distance, and the weight of the lever when returning to position gives impulse to the pendulum. It is particularly applicable to turret clocks.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
a town in the department of Haute-Saône, France, on the Saône, here cencrossed by a stone bridge of the 13th tury; 25 miles N. W. of Besançon. It has remains of an ancient castle of the dukes of Burgundy, some trade in corn, flour, and iron, and iron industries and boatbuilding.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia