Gutierrez
ANTONIO GARCIA (gö-te-ēr'reth), a Spanish dramatist; born in Chiclana, Cadiz, in 1812. He gave up medicine for the profession tution, until the play "El Trovador" of letters; living at first in great destimade him famous and immensely popular. He visited the United States in 1844. Later he became a theatrical manager in Madrid , writing "The Campaign of Huesca, " "The Page," and other noble tragedies. He died in Madrid, Aug. 26, 1884. which are juice of Isonandra gutta, the gutta- GUTTA-PERCHA , the inspissated percha tree. It occurs in tough, flexible soluble in benzene, chloroform, and bipieces of lightbrown color , whi sulphide of carbon , insoluble in water, and only slightly soluble in alcohol and ether. The raw gutta-percha comes in lumps weighing from five to six pounds. and then thrown into cold water, when These are cut into slices, torn to shreds, the impurities sink and the pure gum rises to the surface . Gutta-percha is used for making soles of boots impervious to water, for door handles, ear trumpets, golf balls, etc. Above all it is employed for coating submarine telegraph wires. Jersey, in Hudson co. GUTTENBERG , a town of New It is on the Hudson river. Its chief industry is the refining and a button factory. Pop. quarrying of stone. It has also a lard- (1910) 5,647; (1920) 6,726.
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Gutta Percha
the dried, milky juice of a large spongy tree found mainly in the Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, and Sumatra. It resembles rubber, but it has very little elasticity, and is a distinct substance. The natives cut down the trees to obtain the product. When placed in hot water pieces soften, become sticky, are molded readily, and, when placed under pressure, cohere firmly. Gutta percha is a nonconductor of electricity, and for that reason is used largely to insulate wires. No other substance seems to do as well for coating submarine cables. Of late a demand has sprung up for gutta percha in the manufacture of golf balls, causing a scarcity and a sharp advance in price. Complaint is heard that a fashionable sport is hastening the destruction of the gutta percha forests and actually endangering the future of ocean telegraphy. Gutta percha corrodes rapidly, however, and a more durable substitute for marine work is desirable. Wireless telegraphy may solve the problem. Surgeons occasionally use gutta percha for splints. A sheet of this substance softened in hot water may be pressed to the shape of the limb where it hardens like a plaster cast. See Rubber
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Guy
THOMAS, an English philan- , thropist; founder of Guy's Hospital Southwark, London; born in London, in as a 1644. He began business in 1668 bookseller, dealing extensively in the importation of English Bibles from Holland, and, on this being stopped, he contracted with the University of Oxford for the privilege of printing Bibles. By this means, and by selling out his original shares in South Sea stock at a great advantage, he amassed a fortune of nearly $500,000. In 1707 he built and furnished three wards of St. Thomas' Hospital. For the building and endowwhich ment of the hospital in Southwark bears his name he set apart over $1,- 000,000. He built and endowed almshouses and a library at Tamworth, for which he became one of the members about 1694. Besides bestowing $2,000 a year on Christ's Hospital, and giving to various other charities, he left $400,000 to be divided among those who could prove any degree of relationship to him. He died Dec. 27, 1724.
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Guynemer
GEORGES, a French aviator. During the World War he was recognized as France's most famous avi- CAPTAIN GEORGES GUYNEMER ator, and rose to the rank of captain before he died. It was declared that in the course of his flying career he had downed 52 enemy machines. He was accustomed to operate his aeroplane alone, piloting it and using the gun at Sept. 11, the same time. He was killed 1917, while flying over Flanders, having met in combat five machines of the Albatross type, other machines descending suddenly upon him. He is declared to have been surrounded by something above 40 machines at the time of his death.
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Guyot, Arnold Henry
ge-o', Arnold Henry (1807-1884), a noted geographer. A native of Neuchatel, Switzerland. An associate of Agassiz. During the ten years he held a professorship in his native town Guyot made a study of Alpine glaciers. He taught that ice pours slowly down the ravines under the influence of gravity, not simply as mud would do, but that a constant freezing and thawing takes place within the body of ice. Guyot also investigated the country around the Central Alps, mapping the districts over which Alpine glaciers, formerly of greater extent, had carried boulders. In 1848 Guyot was invited to become a lecturer at Harvard College. These lectures were afterward published as Guyot's Earth and Man. Guyot was employed by the Massachusetts board of education to lecture on physical geography, and created a revolution in the teaching of that subject. He also prepared a physical geography, a series of descriptive geographies, and a set of wall maps for schoolrooms. In 1855 he became professor of physical geography and geology at Princeton. Professor Guyot organized a system of meteorological observations for the Smithsonian Institution , and was an honorary member of a large number of learned societies throughout the world. See Agassiz
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Gvosdevi
a group of islands in Bering Strait, between North America and Asia, lat. 65° 40′ N., lon. 173° 50′ E. Imaglin, the largest, is 25 miles in length. They are low and destitute of vegetation.
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Gwalior (Native a state of central)
native a state of central India, the dominions of the Mahratta Maharajah Sindhia; area, 25,041 square miles; pop. about 3,100,- 000. Lying partly in the basin of the Jumna and partly in that of the Nerbudda, it divides its drainage between the bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The principal export is opium. Since 1803 the country has been under British protection. In 1843 the British were compelled, on the death of the sovereign, to send an armed force, which, after severe fighting, succeeded in restoring his adopted successor to the throne; and during the troubles of 1857 the young Maharajah remained faithful to the British Government, though deserted by his troops.
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