Hearst
WILLIAM RANDOLPH, an American newspaper owner and politician, born in San Francisco, Cal., 1863, son of George Hearst, former United States Senator. He graduated from Harvard in 1885, and taking up his father's interests in San Francisco, began to develop the "San Francisco Examiner." Gradually he established newspapers in other American cities, until he became one of the most powerful newspaper owners in the country. He was the owner of the "Los Angeles Examiner," the "Chicago Examiner," the "Chicago American," the "Atlanta Georgian," the "Boston American," the "Boston Advertiser," the "New York Evening Journal," the "New York American" and a number of daily papers in smaller communities. All are notable for their sensational treatment of the daily news. Mr. Hearst was also the owner of the "Cosmopolitan Magazine," "Hearst's Magazine," "Good Housekeeping," "Harpers Bazar," the "Motor Magazine" and the "Motor Boating Magazine." He was elected to the 58th and 59th United States Congresses (1903-1907), from the Eleventh New York Congressional District. In 1905 he was the candidate of the Independence League for Mayor of New York, and candidate for Governor of New York in 1906, but was in both cases defeated.
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Heart-trowel
A moulder's tool with a heart-shaped blade. When, instead of a handle, another tool is forged at the opposite end, it is called a double-end, and may be used at either end as occasion requires. See MOULDING-TOOLS.
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Heat and Light
Spiritualistic Journal. (See Spiritualism .)
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Heaven
in theology, the place or state of the blessed.,
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Heavenly Man, The
According to the Zohar , the first of the Sephiroth, or divine emanations. Before the creation God was without form, above and beyond all attributes. But when He had created the Heavenly Man He used him as a Chariot in which to descend. And desiring to make Himself known by His attributes, "He let Himself be styled as the God of pardon, the God of Justice, the God Omnipotent, the God of Hosts and He who is (Jahveh)." The Heavenly Man is to be distinguished from the "earthly man." The creation of the earthly man was, indeed, the work of the Heavenly Man-that is, of the first emanation from God, the Supreme Manifestation, the Divine activity.
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Heber, Reginald
Reginald (1783-1826), an English bishop. He was a graduate of Oxford, and held various pastorates in England. In 1822 he was made bishop of Calcutta. His diocese included all India. He interested himself in providing educational facilities, especially the College of Bishops at Calcutta. He was a man of industry and unaffected piety, with a poetic turn of mind. He is best known to the western world as a writer of hymns, over fifty of which appear in modern collections. The most noted of his hymns are Holy, Holy, Holy, and the well known missionary hymn, beginning: From Greenland's icy mountains, From India's coral strand. Where Afric's sunny fountains Roll down their golden sand, From many an ancient river, From many a palmy plain, They call us to deliver Their land from error's chain.
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Hebrew
the character in which the Hebrew language is now written. This, called the square character, was not the earliest. The general opinion is that it came into use only in the centuries immediately preceding the birth of Christ, or even about the commencement of the Christian era itself. The character on the Maccabee coins is like the Samaritan, rather than the square Hebrew one.
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Hecatomb
a Greek word meaning literally a hundred oxen. In the worship of the Greeks it was customary to sacrifice a large number of animals, preferably oxen. The legs and certain portions of the intestines were wrapped in fat and burned on the altar. The remainder of the carcass served for a feast which came at the conclusion of the religious ceremony. While the sacrifice by no means required the full number of oxen, and might, indeed, be performed with other animals, it is needless to say that the prospect of a bountiful feast led the populace to regard the full number of one hundred oxen with favor. A man of wealth hardly deemed it consistent with his social standing to tender the priests a smaller number. Hecatomb has passed into popular use, rather inappropriately, to designate a sacrifice of human life, as in case of a railroad accident and the burning of a ship at sea, or an assault on a fortress. See Barbecue
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Hecla
a mountain of Iceland. One of the most celebrated volcanoes in the world. It is almost a mile high, and has five craters. Eighteen eruptions are on record. The last occurred in 1845. In 1783 a stream of lava fifteen miles wide and forty-five miles long was thrown out in a single eruption. Mt. Hecla stands alone on a plain about twenty miles from the sea. See Iceland ; Volcano
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Hedge School
a term applied to the wayside schools of Ireland. See Carleton ; William
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Hedgehog
an insect-eating animal belonging to a family of several species. It is not related to the woodchuck or to the porcupine. The teeth are small and sharp--more like those of a shrew. The common hedgehog of Europe is about nine inches in length. Its upper parts are covered thickly with strong, sharp spines about an inch in length. When attacked or alarmed the little animal tucks its nose and feet in, and, by means of a peculiar set of muscles running along its sides something like the strings of a lady's handbag, draws the spiny portion of its hide together in such a way as to become a perfect globe, armed with spiny bristles at every point of the surface. It may be handled, or teased by dogs, for hours at a time, before it will open up or expose itself to its enemies. Its spines are so elastic that it may be thrown like a ball without suffering injury. In addition to insects, the hedgehog is not averse to birds, eggs, and even poisonous snakes, which it is able to eat, tail first, with the utmost satisfaction. The hedgehog feeds at night, and hibernates in the winter. There are no hedgehogs in America. See Shrew ; Porcupine
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