Hollis
IRA NELSON, an American engineer and educator, born at Mooresville, Ind., in 1856. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1878. After serving in the navy as engineer he resigned in 1893, on his election as professor of engineering at Harvard University. In 1913 he became president of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He received honorary degrees from several colleges and was a member of many scientific societies. His published writings include "War College Lectures on Naval Ships" (1892); and "A History of the Frigate Constitution" (1900).
HENRY FRENCH, United States senator from New Hampshire, born in Concord, N. H., in 1869. He graduated from Harvard in 1892 and after studying law was admitted to the bar in 1893. He practiced at Concord until his election to the Senate in 1913. He was the first Democratic senator elected from New Hampshire since 1852. His term expired in 1919.
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Hollow Ware
the trade term for all kinds of vessels made of cast or wrought iron, and used for cooking and other purposes.
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Holly
in botany, Ilex aquifolium, a shrub or small tree, 10 to 40 feet high, with glossy leaves. Wild in Europe and Western Asia. The beautiful white wood of the holly is valued by cabinetmakers for inlaying, the bark is used in the manufacture of birdlime, the berries are so violently emetic that six or eight will excite violent vomit; the leaves are said to be equal to Peruvian bark for the cure of intermittent fevers. The root and bark are said to be emollient, resolvent, expectorant, and diuretic. The leaves and berries form, with ivy, the principal material of Christmas decoration.
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Holly Oak
in botany, Quercus ilex, called also the holy oak or common evergreen oak. It is found in the S. of Europe, in the vicinity of the sea, with leaves varying in form, some of them prickly, others entire on the margins. It does not form forests. Its wood is good, but very hard and heavy.
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Holm Oak
Quercus Ilex, a shrublike tree, native of the Mediterranean countries, with holly-like leaves. In its native countries it attains a considerable size and age, but in Great Britain it forms an ornamental evergreen bush of from 20 to 30 feet high, seldom becoming single-stemmed.
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Holocaine
p-diethoxy-diphenylethenyl-amidine, a synthetic drug, used in eye practice, as a local anesthetic. Sometimes known as Phenacaine.
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Holocaust
a sacrifice, the whole of which was consumed by fire, nothing being retained; such sacrifices were practiced by the Jews. The word is now sometimes applied to a general sacrifice of life or slaughter.
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Holograph
any writing, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly written by the person from whom it bears to proceed. În Scots law a holograph deed is valid without the signatures of witnesses, but in English law every deed, whether holograph or not, must have the names of two witnesses attached to it to render it valid. HOLOPTYCHIUS an extinct genus of ganoid fishes from Devonian and Carboniferous strata, type of a family the members of which are remarkable for their sculptured or wrinkled scales and extraordinary labyrinthine tooth structure.
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Holst
HERMANN EDUARD VON, a German-American historian; born in Fellin, Livonia, Russia, June 19, 1841. Coming to the United States in 1866, he engaged in literary work and lecturing; he returned to Europe, becoming professor in the universities of Strassburg (1872) and Freiburg (1874); appointed professor in the University of Chicago (1892). He has written: "Constitutional and Political History of the United States"; "Lives" of John C. Calhoun and John Brown; "Constitutional Law of the United States"; "The French Revolution Tested by Mirabeau's Career"; etc. He died Jan. 20, 1904.
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Holston
a river which rises in Wythe co., Va., and flowing a tortuous and S. W. course through Smythe Washington counties, enters Tennessee between Hawkins and Powell counties. Thence traversing Granger, Jefferson, and Knox counties, it unites with the Clinch river at Kingston in Roane co., to form the Tennessee river; length, about 200 miles.
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Holy Alliance
a league concluded at Paris, Sept. 26, 1815, between Alexander I., Emperor of Russia, Francis of Austria, and Frederick William III. of Prussia, and signed with their own hands, and without the countersign of a minister. Despite a declaration of its high and holy purpose, its aim was to maintain the power and influence of the existing dynasties, to uphold absolute monarchy, and suppress republican movements. Indications that the purposes of the Holy Alliance were likely to be extended to the small republics a sweet-smelling grass belonging to the of South America gave origin to the MONROE DOCTRINE (q. v.). It was offered for signature to all the European Powers except the Pope and Sultan of Turkey, and accepted by all except Great Britain. The events of 1848 broke up the Holy Alliance.
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Holy City
an appellation given by different peoples to that particular city whence proceed all their religious traditions and worship. By Jew and Christian Jerusalem is so named; by Catholics, Rome; by Mohammedans, Damascus, Mecca, and Medina; by the Hindus, Benares; by the Mohammedans of India, Allahabad; by the ancient Incas, Cuzco.
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Holy Cross
an order of Augustin ian canons, suppressed in the 17th century. Also a religious order established in 1834 in France. The members devote themselves to education and works of mercy. Also a society consisting of clerical members of the ritualistic school of the English Church. It was founded in 1855.
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Holy Cross College
an educational institution in Worcester, Mass.; founded in 1843 under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 50; students, 625; volumes in the library, 45,000; president, Rev. James J. Curlin, S. J.
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Holy Family
the infant Saviour, the Virgin Mary, Joseph, Elizabeth, Anna, and John the Baptist. A picture which all or the most of the subordinate personages are introduced is called a "holy family."
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Holy Fire
a flame at Jerusalem maintained by the Greek and Armenian priests in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
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Holy Ghost
ORDER OF, an order of male and female hospitallers, founded by Guy, son of William, Count of Montpellier, toward the end of the 12th century, for the relief of the poor, the infirm and foundlings. After the middle of the 18th century it was united with the order of St. Lazarus by Clement XIII. This was also the name of the principal military order in France, instituted in 1578 by Henry III., abolished in 1789, revived at the Restoration, and again abolished in 1830. HOLY GRASS (Hierochloe borealis), tribe Phalarideæ, about a foot high, with a brownish glossy lax panicle. It is sometimes strewed on the floors of churches on festival days, whence its name.
the Holy Spirit; the third person in the Trinity, whom the Saviour promised to send to comfort His disciples (John xiv:, xv:, and xvi.).
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