Hissar (Province of Bokhara)
a province of Bokhara, from which it is separated by a S. offset of the W. prolongation of the Thian-Shan Mountains. This range forms its N. boundary. The soil is fertile, and yields wheat, flax, cotton, rice, and garden fruits. Copper and rock-salt abound. The inhabitants are chiefly Usbegs and Tajiks. They export corn, salt, flax, and sheep to Bokhara. The main route from India to Bokhara passes through the province. The province was annexed by the Emir of Bokhara in 1869. The capital is the town of Hissar, on the Kafirnihan river. Its people are noted sword makers. Pop. about 10,000.
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Historical Association
AMERICAN, a society of historical students and writers founded in 1884 and which held its first meeting in Saratoga, N. Y. Five years later by an act of Congress it was granted a charter in the District of Columbia. The society holds annual meetings at various cities in the United States. Under its direction two important commissions of scholars have labored, one, the Historical Manuscripts Commission, the other the Public Archives Commission, both of which have rendered valuable public service. The "American Historical Review" is published quarterly by the association.
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History
the record of the most important bygone events in human history chronologically arranged, with an inquiry into their causes, and the lessons which they afford with regard to human conduct. A history may be of an institution, an invention or art gradually perfected, as, the history of shipbuilding, the history of painting; or of thought, as, the history of philosophy. Branches of history now named separately are archæology and biography. Also a book treating of the history of any country, people, science, or art.
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Hit
a town of Turkey in Asia, on the Euphrates, 85 miles W. N. W. of Bagdad. It has pits of bitumen, which have been worked from time immemorial, and naphtha springs.
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Hitchcock
ETHAN ALLEN, an American diplomatist; born in Mobile, Ala., Sept. 19, 1835; received an academic education and entered mercantile life; subsequently president of railway and mining companies. In 1897 he became United States minister to Russia; in 1898, ambassador; and in 1899, Secretary of the Interior in McKinley's Cabinet. He died in 1909.
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Hitchcock
ROSWELL DWIGHT, an American theologian; born in East Machias, Me., Aug. 15, 1817. He was long president of Union Theological Seminary. He wrote: "Analysis of the Bible" (1869); "Socialism" (1879); "Life of Edward Robinson"; "Hymns and Songs for Social and Sabbath Worship"; "Eternal Atonement" (with Francis Brown); etc. He died in Somerset, Mass., June 16, 1887.
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Hitchcock
CHARLES HENRY, an American geologist, born in Amherst, Mass., in 1836. He graduated from Amherst College in 1856 and studied afterward at the Yale Divinity School and the Andover Theological Seminary. His professional studies were carried on in vessels and in the United States. He also lectured on zoölogy at Amherst College from 1858 to 1864, and from 1868 to 1908 he was professor of geology and mineralogy at Dartmouth College. In 1908 he became professor emeritus. He served as assistant state geologist for Vermont, Maine, and New Hampshire. He lectured on geology at various colleges. His researches in geology on mountains in eastern United States were especially valuable. He was a member of many scientific societies and received honorary degrees from several colleges. He published "Elementary Geology" (1861); "Mount Washington in Winter" (1871); "Hawaii and Its Volcanoes" (1909), together with in scientific magazines and publications. many articles
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Hitchcock (II)
FRANK HARRIS, an American public official, born at Amherst, Ohio, in 1869. He graduated from Harvard in 1891. After studying law at George Washington University he was admitted to the bar in 1894. He served in various posts in the government service and in 1905 was appointed First Assistant Postmaster-General. He was Postmaster-General in President Taft's Cabinet from 1909 to 1913. During his administration postal savings banks and parcel post was established. On his retirement from office he resumed the practice of law in New York City. He managed the campaign of President Taft in 1908, and the campaign for the nomination of Charles E. Hughes in 1916. In 1920 he was manager of the campaign for General Leonard Wood. He was a member of many economic societies.
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Hitchcock (III)
GILBERT MONELL, a United States Senator from Nebraska. Born at Omaha, Neb., in 1859, and educated at Baden-Baden, Germany, and the University of Michigan. After practicing law in Omaha for a few years he entered the newspaper business in 1885 by founding the Omaha "Evening World" and later the "World-Herald." He served three terms as a Democratic member of the National House of Representatives before he became United States Senator in 1911. Six years later he was re-elected, his present term expiring in 1923. Senator Hitchcock was chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee during the war with Germany and when the Republicans organized the Senate in 1919 he became the minority leader. JAMES RIPLEY HITCHCOCK, WELLMAN, an American writer on art; born in Fitchburg, Mass., July 3, 1857. He wrote: "The Western Art Movement" (1885); "A Study of George Inness" (1885); "Madonnas by Old Masters" (1888), the text to photogravures; "The Future of Etching"; "Some American Painters in Water Colors"; "Etching in America"; "Notable Etchings by American Artists"; etc. He died in 1918.
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Hitchcock, Edward
Edward (1793-1864), an American geologist. He was born at Deerfield, Massachusetts, May 24, 1793, and died at Amberst, February 27, 1864. He began life as principal of an academy, and was for a time pastor of the Congregational church at Conway. His taste for chemistry and natural history, and the writing of a popular work entitled The Geology of the Connecticut Valley, secured him a chair in Amherst College . In 1845 he was made president and also professor of natural theology and geology, rather a remarkable combination. In the United States , at least, geology was in its infancy. He had a rich field, and won distinction among European scientists. His study of fossil footprints in the sandstones of the Connecticut Valley was regarded as a piece of fine work. His geological work has been continued ably by his son Charles Henry Hitchcock, now professor of geology in Dartmouth College.
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