Hoisting-block
See HOISTING-MACHINE. Hoisting-machine is a convenient hoisting-block, very handy for use in places remote from the crane. The Weston differential pulley-blocks lift from 1/8 to 10 tons, and with them one man may lift from 1000 to 5000 pounds, according to the kind of block employed. The load is held at any point and cannot run down, thus preventing all danger from accident by that source. See CRANE.
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Hokusai
a celebrated Japanese artist. Born in Tokyo in 1760 he left home at the age of 13 and worked in an engraver's shop for five years when he left to study designing with one of the famous Japanese artists. Losing his powhich sition because of his original work tried was displeasing to his master, he illustrating and_later peddling without he much success. It was 1810 before can be said to have made a success of his art. In that year he opened a school and soon had more pupils than he could accommodate. His greatest work was ," which aphis "Ten Thousand Sketches peared in 1836. His work was popular in the best sense of that word and free from the conventionality that characterin ized his contemporaries. He died 1849.
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Holacanthus
a genus of fishes, in character and distribution similar to the Chætodon. They for the great beauty and are remarkable symmetry of their colors, and for their excellence as articles of food. The body cover bears is compressed, and the gillbest known a strong spine. One of the of the 40 species, called Emperor of Japan by the Dutch, is H. imperator, one East of the most esteemed fishes of the Indies, rivalling the salmon in flavor. long; Its greatest size is about 15 inches its color is deep blue, with numerous pectoral narrow bands of orange, the fins black, the tail bright yellow. In an allied species, beauty it is rivalled by . H. diacanthus, of similar distribution
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Holadin
an extract of the pancreas, used in medicine for the treatment are simof indigestion. Its properties pancreatic juice, and ilar to those of the it acts upon starch, protein and fat in them easily such a manner as to render digestible. It is generally administered in the form of capsules. HEINRICH PAUL HOLBACH, DIETRICH, BARON VON, a French Heidelsheim, in the philosopher; born in Palatinate, in 1723. He inherited great wealth from his father, and entertained in his elegant house Rousseau, Diderot, and and Buffon. He held materialistic atheistic views, which are expounded in "Christianity Unveiled" (1767); "Spirit Clergy" (1767); "Sacerdotal Imof the posture" (1767); "The System of Nature" (1770); "The Social System" (1773). He died in 1789. JOHANN
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Holbein
HANS, or (hol'bin), a German painter; born in the Augsburg about 1495. He learned elements of his art from his father. His talent procured him the friendship of Erasmus, at whose recommendation he went to England, and was employed first by Sir Thomas More, who introduced him to Henry VIII. He rose to the zenith of fortune in that monarch's court, and painted a great number of portraits which are still considered masterpieces of art. His masterpiece is perhaps the "Family of the Burgomaster Meyer," Gallery of Dresden. Holbein designed the celebrated series known as the "Dance of Death," cut in wood and first published at Lyons in 1538. He died of the plague in 1543.
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Holbein, Hans
hol'bin, Hans (1497-1543), a celebrated German painter. He was born in Augsburg and died in London. He is best known by a copy of the Meyer Madonna in the Dresden Gallery. It is an interesting fact that no painter of note ever ventured to paint a madonna as a Hebrew woman or the Christ child as a Hebrew boy. The Italian painters followed Italian types of beauty; the Spaniards, Spanish types; and so on to the end of the list. Holbein is no exception. The madonna of this picture is the golden-haired wife of the wealthy burgomaster of Basle, and the other personages are but the burgomaster's family circle. National pride has insisted that this picture is a rival of the Sistine Madonna , but it is difficult to see merit in the claim. Holbein was educated by his father for whom he was named and who was himself a painter of no mean repute. Hans, the younger, painted many London celebrities, including Lady Jane Seymour and Henry VIII. Much of his work was destroyed in the great London fire of 1666. See Painting
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Holcus
a genus of grasses (order Gramineæ), extremely common in some pastures, where they are called soft grasses. H. saccharatus contains a large quantity of sugar, and H. odoratus is celebrated for its fragrance. There are only two species native to Great Britain, woolly soft grass or meadow soft grass (H. lanatus) and creeping-rooted soft grass (H. mollis). H. lanatus is the only North American species.
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Hold
the whole interior cavity or belly of a ship, or all that part of her inside which is comprehended between the floor and the lower deck throughout her length.
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Holden
EDWARD SINGLETON, an American astronomer; born in St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 5, 1846; was graduated at Washington University in 1866; and at the United States Military Academy in 1870; Professor of Mathematics at the Naval Academy in 1873-1881; president of the University of California in 1885-1888; director of the Lick Observatory in 1888-1898; he was then appointed astronomer of the Smithsonian Institution. His publications include "Astronomy for Students" (with Simon Newcomb); "Monograph of the Central Parts of the Nebula of Orion"; "Astronomical Bibliography"; "Handbook of Lick Observatory"; "Essays in Astronomy" (1900); "The Sciences" (1903); "Galileo" (1905). He died in 1914.
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Holden (II)
CHARLES FREDERICK, an American naturalist; born in Lynn, Mass., 1851. He was assistant at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, from 1870 to 1877. He wrote: "Marvels of Animal Life"; "Wonder Wings"; "A Frozen Dragon, and Other Tales," a natural-history story-book for young people; "Life of Agassiz"; "Big Game at Sea"; "Game Fishes of the World" (1911); "The Ocean" (1913); "Angling Adventures Around the World" (1914). He died in 1915.
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