Hydrosulphuric Acid
or sulphuretted hydrogen or hydrothionic acid (H2S), is a colorless inflammable gas produced by the putrefaction of sulphurous organic matters. Many mineral waters contain it naturally. It may be artificially produced by burning sulphur vapor in hydrogen, or by passing hydrogen through sulphur. It has a sweet taste but a very nauseous odor as of rotten eggs. It has poisonous effects when breathed, and experiments have shown that birds perished in air which contained 1/1500th part of the gas.
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Hydrothorax
a name given to serous fluid occupying the pleura. It may take place as the result of inflammation, also in heart disease, in disease of the kidneys, and sometimes in anæmia. HYÈRES (ē-ār') a small town of France, 3 miles from the Mediterranean. It is celebrated for the beauty of the situation and the mildness of the climate, and is therefore much resorted to by foreigners suffering from consumption or nervous complaints.
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Hygeia
The goddess of health, daughter of Aesculapius . She was held in great veneration among the ancients. Hymenaeus or Hymen. The god of marriage among the Greeks, was the son of Bacchus and Venus , or, according to some, of Apollo and one of the Muses.
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Hygieia
hi-ji-e'ya, or Hygeia, hi-je'-ya, in Greek mythology, the goddess of health. She was the daughter of Aesculapius, according to some accounts, while others make her his wife. In works of art she appears in a long robe, and is employed in feeding a serpent from a cup.
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Hygiene
the study of the prevention of disease, the art of preserving health, through wise sanitary precautions, such as attention to diet, regimen, etc.
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Hygrometer
an instrument for measuring the comparative moisture of the air. There are three kinds: (1) those which act by absorption; (2) by condensation, and (3) those in which the hygrometric condition is deduced from observations of a wet and dry bulb. Of the first class is the hygrometer of Saussure (died 1799). It consists a human hair boiled in ly lye, and acts by absorption and evaporation, lengthening or contracting as the air is more or less moist.
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Hylaeosaurus
a gigantic fossil lizard discovered in the Wealden formation of Tilgate Forest. Its probable length was about 25 feet. It is one of the Ornithoscelida, the group which presents a structure intermediate between that of existing birds and reptiles.
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Hyle
The name given by the Gnostics to one of the three degrees in the progress of spirits.
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Hymans
PAUL, a Belgian statesman. He was born in Brussels in 1865 and was educated at Brussels University. Since 1900 has been member of the House of Representatives for Brussels, and of the Brussels Municipal Council since 1911; professor for some years at Brussels University and vice-president of the University's Board. In 1915 he became Belgian envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James, and in 1917 Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Belgian Government. His works include: "Histoire parlementaire de la Belgique"; "Brussels Moderne"; "Frère Orban"; "Portraits, Essais et Discours."
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Hymenoptera
. See Bee ; Wasp ; Ant ; Ichneumon ; Insect
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Hymettus
a mountain in Attica, Greece; now called Trelo Vouni, to the S. E. of Athens; was famous among the ancients for its honey and its bluish marble. The honey is still in repute.
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Hymnology
a collection of hymns; hymns collectively; the hymns used by any particular Church or body.
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Hyndman
HENRY MAYERS, an English socialist author; born in 1842. One of the founders of the Social Democratic Federation in 1881. Among his works which deal chiefly with socialism are: "The Indian Famine and the Crisis in India"; "Text-Book of Democracy"; "The Historical Basis of Socialism in England." He was co-author with. William Morris of "A Summary of the Principles of Socialism"; "Economics of Socialism" (1896), and wrote "Future of Democracy" (1915). He also published his volumes of autobiography, "Records of an Adventurous Life" (1911) and "Further Records" (1912).
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Hyoid Bone
or HYOID ARCH, in anatomy, the second arch developed from the cranium, giving support to the tongue and attachment to numerous muscles of the neck.
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Hyperbole
hi-per'bo-le, a rhetorical exaggeration. Hyperbole goes beyond the literal truth in order to make a statement more impressive or piquant. It must be used sparingly. The following examples will give a better idea of hyperbole than would be accomplished by an extended discussion. Tired to death. Swift as lightning. Waves running mountain high. A tongue that should move the stones of Rome. The rescued land. Sent up a shout of victory from the field, That rocked her ancient mountains. Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus, and we petty men Walk under his huge legs and peep about To find ourselves dishonorable graves. In '96 the apple crop of Central New York was so abundant that apples grew on scrub oaks and wire fences, is an instance of colloquial hyperbole.
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Hyperborean
hi-per-bo're-an, in Greek mythology, one who lived beyond Boreas, or the North Wind. According to Greek legend, the Hyperboreans lived so far north that they were beyond the cold winds of winter and enjoyed a fruitful land of perpetual sunshine. They were free from care, disease, and war. Life lasted for 1,000 years, and was spent in constant enjoyment and the worship of Apollo. After the age of legend passed away the Greeks gave the name to the barbarians living north of them. In modern usage, the term is equivalent to Arctic. The Eskimos, for instance, are spoken of as a hyperborean race. See Elysium
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Hyperi- Hypericacee
CINE (hi-per-e-kas'-ē-i), or a natural order of about 300 known species, trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, widely distributed over the world, and in very different climates, but particularly 4 in North America. The numerous species of Vismia yield a substance resembling gamboge. Many of the hypericaceæ belong to the genus Hypericum, or St. John's Wort.
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Hyperionion
Homer describes Helios as rising in the east from Oceanus, traversing the heaven, and descending in the evening into the darkness of the west and Oceanus. Later poets have marvelously embellished this simple notion.
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Hypermnestra
One of the Danaides , who were the fifty daughters of Danaüs. She was ordered by her father to murder her husband Lynceus on the night of their marriage, which she refused to do. Danaüs wished to punish her for her disobedience, but afterward forgave her, and left his kingdom at his death to Lynceus.
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