Inclined Strata
strata which dip at an angle with the horizon.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Single-source entries: I (12)
Each of these 16 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Incommensurable
a state of deprivation or non-existence (as regards two kindred quantities) of a common unit, or, more strictly, a magnitude which cannot be measured by another, taken as unity. Two quantities of the same kind are incommensurable with respect to each other, when they have not a common unit-that is, when there is no quantity of the same kind so small that it is contained in both an exact number of times. Thus the diagonal and side of a square are incommensurable, for it has been shown that if we denote the side of the square by 1, the diagonal will be denoted by the square root of 2; but the square root of 2 is incommensurable with 1, because the square root of an imperfect square cannot be expressed in exact terms of 1.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Incommunicable Axiom, The
It was believed that all magical science was embodied in knowledge of this secret. The Axiom is to be found enclosed in the four letters of the Tetragram arranged in a certain way; in the words Azoth" and "Inri" written kabalistically; and in the monogram of Christ embroidered in the labarum. He who succeeded in elucidating it became humanly omnipotent from the magical standpoint. 66
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
Incubation
in pathology, the maturation of morbific matter introduced into the system. The word has reference, also, to the act of sleeping for oracular dreams. Artificial incubation is the hatching of eggs by means of heat artificially applied. The Egyptians have long done so successfully by means of heated eggs by incubation has become a lucrative business in many sections of the United States. Period of incubation, in pathology, interval that elapses between this is the the introduction of morbific matter into the body, and the commencement of the disease thence resulting.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Incus
one of the small bones of the ear. It stands between the malleus and the stapes, and is connected with them by articular surfaces.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Indemnity
an act designed to relieve the government or any of its officers from penalties when they have been compelled by exceptional circumstances to omit the performance of some duty, or to violate or even to suspend some law.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Indented
in heraldry, a term signifying notched like the teeth of a saw, but smaller than dancette. Applied to one of the lines of partition; ordinaries are also thus borne.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Indenture
a deed entered into between two or more parties, and so called because duplicates of every deed between two or more parties were once written on one skin, which was cut in half, with a jagged or indented edge; so that they were seen to belong to one another.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Independence Hall
a famous public hall in Philadelphia. It was the capitol building of the colony of Pennsylvania. It is a low, plain, brick structure. It was erected 1729-34. During the Revolutionary War it was occupied by the Continental Congress. The Declaration of Independence was signed here, and was read to the people from the front steps. The old " Liberty Bell " hung in the tower and now occupies a place of honor in the main hall. The building has been converted into a historical museum.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Independent Seconds & Inertia
Independent Seconds A movement having a seconds hand that is driven by a separate train. Inertia That property of matter by which it tends when in rest to remain so, or when set in motion to continue so.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
Indeterminate
in mathematics, having an indefinite number of values or solutions. Indeterminate analysis is a branch of algebra in which there are always given a greater number of unknown quantities than there are independent equations, by which means the number of solutions is indefinite.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Indeterminate Sentence
a sentence of a person convicted of crime which is not a definite, but an indefinite length of time. Under the preceding practice of courts all prisoners were sentenced for a definite time, but in places where the indeterminate sentence is in use the judge simply gives the sentence as the law establishes it, e. g., not less than five nor more than twelve years. This method allows the judge to free the prisoner if he has demonstrated the genuineness of his reform and to hold him to the maximum sentence if he has not. This method has been approved by all the eminent penologists who maintain that reform of the prisoner is the aim of penology.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Index Prohibitorius
a list of be read by Roman books which may not Catholics, cleric or lay, on pain of excommunication. The first Index Librorum (1564) in the Prohibitorum was published and various edipontificate of Pius IV., tions have since appeared.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
India Linen
a variety of fine cotton lawn, bleached pure white, and finished with considerable starch. It is used for women's and children's gowns. It is sometimes dyed black or in plain colors. The same fabric is also called India linon. Sailboat, Bombay. Zebu cart of a rich Indian. East Indian civilization
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
India Rubber
. See Rubber
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Indian Architecture
that form of the building art existing in, and to a certain extent peculiar to, India. No remains exist earlier than the 3d century B. C., when the Emperor Asoka made Buddhism the religion of India. After that period there arose (1) Buddhist architecture, followed by (2) the Jaina Architecture. Of styles more distinctively Hindu there were fourviz., (3) the Southern, (4) the Northern, and (5) the Modern Hindu; and (6) the Cashmirian. Temples, etc., of the Southern Hindu style exist within the area formed by a line drawn E. and W. from Madras to Mangalore, constituting a triangle, having each side 400 miles. The chief race is the Tamul. The temples are divided into a square Viman (the temple proper), with a pyramidal roof of one or more stories, mantapas (porches), gopuras (gate pyramids), and choultries (pillared halls). The most splendid example is the temple at Tanjore, its base being a square of 82 feet. The finest temples are in Orissa, especially Bobaneswar, built about A. D. 657. They have a curved spire, sometimes surrounded by other spires. The Modern Hindu style is this ancient one modified by Mohammedan styles.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia