Intercalar
or INTERCALARY, in chronology, used of months, or shorter periods of time, inserted into the calendar to make the astronomical and civil years more nearly coincide. Romulus is said to have intercalated two months into the Roman year, which had hitherto consisted of 10 months only. INTERCHURCH WORLD MOVE- MENT, an attempt to unite some of the main enterprises of the Protestant churches, so as to avoid duplication of effort and waste of funds. The movement was started by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in December, 1918, when it invited the various Protestant denomina tions to send representatives to a meeting in New York to confer upon the need for co-operation the among churches. The result of the conference was the launching of the Interchurch World Movement with the object not of any organic union of the denominations but the attempt to see how much can be done effectively in common. A general committee from all the churches was selected of which S. Earl Taylor became the general secretary. As head of the Methodist Centenary Fund he had shown great executive capacity and organizing ability. The Committee set itself to work to first make a survey of world conditions and it has not completed this phase of the work. Friction appeared among the various denominations which resulted in a practical abandonment of the work in 1920.
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Intercommuning
LETTERS OF, an ancient writ issued by the Scotch Privy-council warning persons not to harbor rebels.
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Interdict (Old Roman civil law a decree)
in old Roman civil law, a decree of the prætor pronounced besometimes enjoining, tween two litigants ats but more frequently prohibiting, something to be done. The interdiction of any one from fire and water - i. e., from obtaining those necessaries at Rome was tantamount to banishment from the city. In Roman Catholic ecclesiastical law and history, an ecclesiastical censure by which persons are debarred from "the use of certain sacraments, from all the divine offices, and from Christian burial." Interdicts seem to have commenced with bishops in the 9th century (e. g. Hincmar of Laon, 869). On March 23, 1208, Pope Innocent III. placed England under an interdict, which was not removed till Dec. 6, 1213. On Dec. 17, 1538, Pope Paul III. published a bull excommunicating and deposing Henry VIII., and placing the kingdom under an interdict. The Canon Law gradually introduced mitigations in the severity of interdicts. Baptism Baptisms and confirmations might be administered to persons in danger of death; marriage was permitted, but without solemnities; faithful ecclesiastics might be buried in the churchyard, but in silence; priests might be ordained if there were not enough previously; there might be Low Mass every week, and High Mass at the five great festivals of Christmas, Easter, Whitsunday, Corpus Christi, and the Assumption. In April, 1606, Pope Paul V. placed the republic of Venice under an interdict, which was met by determined and effectual resistance from the government, and soon afterward interdicts fell into disuse.
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Interdict (Scotch law an order issued)
in Scotch law, an order issued by the Court of Session to stop or prohibit a person from doing an illegal or wrongful act. The party applying for it must have both title and interest to object to the act complained of - i. e., he must be more than a mere stranger. The principles on which it is granted in Scotland are substantially the same as those in which the parallel English writ of injunction is granted by English and American courts.
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Interlaken
(in'ter-lä-ken) ("between the lakes"), a village of Switzerland, in the beautiful valley of the Aar, between Lakes Thun and Brienz. Along the Walnut Avenue or Highway between the lakes there is an almost uninterrupted line of hotels and boarding-houses. The village is visited anually by 20,000 to 30,000 tourists, who make it their starting-point for reaching many of the most wonderful sights that the country affords, especially the Bernese Oberland, where are the Staubbach, Lauterbrunnen, the Grindelwald glaciers, etc. The nucleus of the village is a former monastery (founded 1130). Pop. about 4,000.
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Interlocutor
in Scotch law, a finding or judgment of a judge or court in a cause.
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Interlude
. See Miracle Play
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Interlude
in music, a short melodious phrase played by the organist (generally extempore) between the verses of a psalm or hymn tune. It is now in disuse in England. In French cathedrals a long interlude is played between the verses of the "Magnificat." In the German Protestant Church an interlude (Zwischenspiel) is often played Exbetween each line of the verse. amples of its artistic use may be found in Mendelssohn's n's "Elijah" ("Cast thy burthen") and "St. Paul" ("Sleepers, wake ").
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International
THE. See So- CIALISM. COPYRIGHT. INTERNATIONAL See COPYRIGHT.
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International Date Line
. See Standard Time
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Interpleader
in law: (1) One who interpleads. (2) The pleadin incidentally or discussion of a point arisi rising, as it were, between or in the middle of a case, before the principal cause is deallowed that termined. Interpleader is charged to two the defendant may not be him; as severally where no fault is in against where one party brings detinue of goods the defendant upon a bailment , and another against him upon trover, ascertain there shall be interpleader to who has right to his action.
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Interpretation
the act of interpreting, expounding, or explaining that which is unintelligible, not understood, or not obvious; the term having a special legal signification as well as a general one. In mathematics, the process of explaining results arrived at by the application of mathematical rules. When, for example, an algebraic definition is laid down, there is frequently some restriction implied in making the definition, so that the result to which it leads presents more cases than can be explained by it, or even than was contemplated by it. Thus the abbreviation of aa, aaa, into a², a³, and the rules which spring from it, lead to results of the for a-², aº, a2, etc. These results, until interpreted, are without any intelligent algebraic meaning.
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Interstate Commerce Law
THE. See INTERSTATE COMMERCE COM- MISSION: RAILWAYS.
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Intertrigo
a slight inflammation of the skin occurring in the hollows of folds of the integuments or joints, where two surfaces lie in contact with each other, also called chafing, fret ting, galls.
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