Iturbide, Don Augustin
e-toor-be'da, Don Augustin (1783-1824), an emperor of Mexico. He was a native of Valladolid, Mexico. His father was a Spanish nobleman, his mother a rich creole. When the Mexicans first attempted to throw off Spanish rule the Spanish viceroy put Iturbide in command of the militia; but, instead of putting down the rebellion, Iturbide carried the militia over to the Mexican side. In 1822 the Mexicans made him their emperor and passed a law providing that his son should succeed him. The new emperor was too despotic, however, to suit the Mexicans, or perhaps they chafed under any autocratic government. In less than a year Iturbide was banished and went to Leghorn, Italy, to reside, with a pension from the Mexican Congress of $25,000 a year. A few months later he went to London. In 1824 he sailed for Mexico to recover his lost sovereignty. He landed July 14, and issued a proclamation that he would govern in accordance with the constitution and usages of England. July 17 he was arrested, and July 19 he was shot as a disturber of the public peace. The Mexicans settled a pension on his family.
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Itys
A son of Tereus, king of Thrace, and Procne, daughter of Pandion, king of Athens . He was killed by his mother when he was six years old, and served up to his father to be eaten by him. He was changed into a pheasant, his mother into a swallow, and his father into an owl.
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Iubdan
In Ultonian romance, the King of the Wee Folk. One day he boasted of the might of his strong man Glower, who could hew down a thistle at one blow. His bard Eisirt retorted that beyond the sea, there existed a race of giants, any one of whom could annihilate a whole battalion of the Wee Folk. Challenged to prove his words, Eisirt brought Creda, King Fergus' dwarf and bard. He then dared Iubdan to go to Fergus' palace and taste the king's porridge. Iubdan, and Bebo, his queen, arrived at the palace at midnight, but in trying to get at the porridge so as to taste and be away before daybreak, Iubdan fell in. He was found in the pot next morning by the scullions, and he and Bebo were taken before Fergus, who after a while released them in exchange for a pair of water shoes, wearing which a man could go over or under water as freely as on land.
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Ivanhoe
a novel by Walter Scott. It was written about 1819, when the famous "Wizard of the North" was at his best, and appeared in print the following year. The tale combines romance and adventure. The scene is laid in England in the days of Richard I. The plot is one of the greenwood, archery, Saxon outlawry, Norman oppression, tournament, castle storming, and orderly battle. Gurth, the swineherd; Wamba, the jester; Brian de Bois-Guilbert, the knight templar; Locksley, the green-coated outlaw; Friar Tuck , the fat monk; sturdy Cedric, the Saxon; haughty Front de Boeuf; Richard Coeur de Lion , disguised as the Black Knight, are leading characters. Ivanhoe, the discredited Saxon son, is the hero; but Rebecca, a Jewish maiden, is the noblest of all. Ivanhoe is Scott's most famous novel.
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Ives
HALSEY COOLEY, an American artist; born in Montour Falls, N. Y., in 1846. He studied art in South Kensington, London. In 1893 he was placed entat in charge of the art department at the Chicago World's Fair, and occupied the same position in relation to the St. Louis Exposition. At the latter he received a grand prize for services to art education. He was several times appointed representative of the United States to decide on art matters abroad. He was appointed director of the Museum and School of Fine Arts at St. Louis, in 1896. He died in 1911.
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Ivory Coast
a part of the N. coast of the Gulf of Guinea, West Africa, embraces the districts between Cape Palmas and the river Assini. Its W. portion belongs to Liberia; its E., now counted as part of the Gold Coast, is shared between Great Britain and France. The name bears no political meaning.
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Ivory Coast, The
The, a French colony in western Africa. It lies between Liberia and the British Gold Coast. Area about 130,000 square miles. There are 300 Europeans in the colony and some 2,000,000 natives. There are plantations of maize, pineapples, bananas, plantains, and coffee. The natives bring in forest products, including cocoanuts, rubber, and palm oil. Mahogany is exported. Gold to the amount of a few thousand dollars is obtained annually. The ports are visited by ships from France, Great Britain , Germany, and Belgium. The French share of the exports of plantations and forest productions amounts to $600,000 a year. There were in 1908 fifty-one miles of railway and several telegraph lines. Telephones have been introduced.
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Ivory-imitation
A good imitation of ivory statuettes may be obtained by casting into warm plaster-moulds a mixture composed of finely pulverized egg-shells, isinglass, and alcohol. See PLASTER CASTS.
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Ivry
a village in the French department of Eure. On the Plain of Ivry was fought, March 14, 1590, the famous battle between Henry of Navarre and the armies of the League. Pop. about 1,200.
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Ixia
in botany, a genus of Iridaceæ. It consists of beautiful Cape bulbs, with of showy flowers. I. viridiflora spikes spikes has la large sea-green flowers, with black markings. It is from the Cape of Good Hope.
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Ixion
Greek Wrestler. A king of Thessaly, son of Phlegias, or, Greek Wrestler. according to Hyginus, of Leontes, or, according to Diodorus, of Antion and Perimela. Jupiter carried him to heaven and placed him at the table of the gods, where he became enamored of Juno , which so incensed Jupiter that he banished him from heaven, and ordered Mercury to tie him to a wheel in hell which continually whirled round, keeping Ixion in perpetual torture. .
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Ixtaccihuatl
a high mountain in Mexico, estimated height 16,077 feet, though some authorities pronounce it higher than Popocatepetl.
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Ixtle
a Mexican fiber, probably the production of a species of the pineapple family.
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