Identity
the quality or state of being identical or the same; sameness; identicalness. Personal. The sameness of each individual throughout life, though the atoms of which the body are composed, the disposition, habits, and modes of thought, are continually changing. Principle. The principle that every ens is necessary itself and not any other ens. This follows directly from the first principle of Scholastic Philosophy, sometimes called the Principle of Contradiction. The same thing cannot be and notbe at the same time. Philosophy. The name given to the objective idealism of Schelling. According to this system, object and subject, real and ideal, nature and spirit are indentical (not in themselves, but) "in the Absolute," of which they are manifestations.
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Ideology
a term introduced by Destutt de Tracy in his "Elements of Ideology" (1801-1804) to designate the philosophy of the French Sensational School. The mind, according to de Tracy, is nothing but sensation, or more properly the sensibility of which sensation is the exercise. The word has now come to have a more extended meaning, and its use is not confined to a particular school.
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Idler
1, An idle wheel. 2, A wheel for transmitting motion from one wheel to another, either by contact or by means of belts, as the wheel on a countershaft, or overhead fixture. 3, An intermediate wheel used for reversing motion. Figs. 172 and 173 illustrate two forms of idlers, sometimes called overhead fixtures. The supports for the idlers are adjustable in all directions. They are especially valuable for use on slide rest tools, such as polisher, milling attachments, etc., to give a vertical direction to the belts. The rods are about 20 inches long and the pattern shown in Fig. 172 has a ball and socket joint where it is screwed to the bench. The radial arms which hold the pulleys may be adjusted to any position on the rod by means of a thumb screw, and the pulleys have a lateral play of 3/4 of an inch to aid in maintaining greater freedom of the belt during the travel of the tool on the slide rest. The idlers shown were designed by A. W. Johanson, and have hard rubber pulleys 1 3/4 inches in diameter, having brass bushings. The style shown in Fig. 173 is intended to be clamped on the swiveled bearing of the counter shafts which are supported on standards.
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Idomeneus
He succeeded his father Deucalion on the throne of Crete , and accompanied the Greeks to the Trojan war, during which he rendered himself famous for his valor. On his voyage home, being caught in a great tempest, he vowed to Neptune that if he escaped he would make an offering to the god of the first living creature he saw on his arrival at the Cretan shore. He escaped the storm, and the first to meet him on his landing was his son. He performed his vow, and became so odious to his subjects that he had to leave his dominions.
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Idria
a mining town in the former Austrian crownland of Carniola, famous for its quicksilver mines (discovered in 1497). Pop. about 17,500. 1
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Idrialin
or IDRIALINE, in chemistry, C42 H28O, a white crystalline substance, extracted from idrialite. The best solvent is oil of turpentine or amylic alcohol. Heated with sulphuric acid, an intense blue color is formed; with nitric acid an insoluble red powder is produced.
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Idyia, Ismene & Italia
Idyia Wife of the Colchian king Aeetes, and mother of Medea . Ismene Daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta, and sister of Antigone . Italia Signified, from the time of Augustus, the country south of the Alps, which we call Italy.
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Idyl
or IDYLL, a short poem, the subject, or at least a necessary accompaniment, of which is a simple description of pastoral nature, life, and scenery, or of events in pastoral life; as the idyls of Theocritus among the ancients; Goldsmith's "Deserted Village," etc.
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Idyll
a short and highly finished narrative poem presenting a complete picture. The word idyl, or idyll, means "a little picture." The word is used sometimes to designate a short pastoral poem, but more properly speaking the idyll presents scenes of action rather than of pastoral quiet, and appeals to strong rather than to gentle emotions. The idyll belongs to the epic class of poetry as distinguished from the lyric and dramatic. Tennyson's Idylls of the King are the best examples of idylls.
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Idzu
a province of Japan. It consists of a mountainous peninsula with numerous bays. It is 32 miles long and 16 miles wide. Its chief industries are the rearing of silk worms and the reeling of silk. It has several rivers, the most important of which is the Kanogawa. The chief towns are Mishima and Shimoda.
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If
a rocky island in the Gulf of Marseilles, crowned by a castle, the Château d'If, which was built by Francis I. of France, and subsequently used as a state prison. Here were confined, among others, Mirabeau and the Duke of Orleans (Philip Egalité), not to mention "Monte Cristo."
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Ifni
a small seaport in southern Morocco, 35 miles S. of Aguilon, ceded to Spain in 1883.
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Ifrits
Hideous spectres probably of Arabian origin, now genii of Persian and Indian mythology. They assume diverse forms, and frequent ruins, woods and wild desolate places, for the purpose of preying upon men and other living things. They are sometimes confounded with the Jinns or Divs of Persia.
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Igasurine
an alkaloid discovered in 1853 by Desnoix, in the motherliquors from which strychnine and brucine had been precipitated by lime. It crystallizes in fe feathery groups of white silky needles, which have the bitter taste poisonous properties of strychnine and brucine. It resembles brucine in its behavior toward reagents.
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Igbara
name given negro people living in the Niger valley in the S. W. of Nigeria. The territory is made of different kingdoms, among them that of Nyffe or Nupé, of which the capital is Bida, and Yarriba, comprised within the Lagos protectorate. The Igbara speech resembles that of Ibo and Ewe. The tribes have an indigenous culture and are partly Mohammedan.
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