Juan De Fuca
or FUCA, STRAIT OF, the strait between Vancouver Island and the State of Washington on the W. coast of North America.
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Single-source entries: J (21)
Each of these 11 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Juan Fernadez
hoo-an' fer-nan'deth, a rocky island 350 miles off the coast of Chile. It is thirteen miles in length and four in width. The animals and plants are those of Chile and the mainland. The sandalwood, tree palm, and other trees form forests. Fur seals were at one time plentiful. Sea fowl are numerous. There are said to be but four land birds, a thrush, kingbird, and two hummingbirds. The island was discovered in 1563 by a Spanish pirate for whom it was named. In 1704 a Scotch sailor, who quarreled with his captain, was, at his own request, put ashore here, with bountiful supplies. He was taken aboard by a passing vessel in 1709. In 1868 a tablet was erected in his memory at a point on a high hill where, no doubt, he stood for many an hour scanning the sea in search of a passing sail. The tablet bears an inscription beginning, "In memory of Alexander Selkirk, mariner, native of Largo in the county of Fife, Scotland, who was on this island in complete solitude for four years and four months," etc. Selkirk's adventures form the basis for Defoe's incomparable boy's hero, Robinson Crusoe, although the author appears to have drawn on other sources for a part of his material. See Defoe
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Juan Fernandez
called also Mas-a-tierra ("nearer the mainland"), a rocky island in the Pacific Ocean, 420 miles W. of Valparaiso, Chile, which it belongs. It is 13 miles long to and four broad, and is for the most part a series of rocky peaks of volcanic origin, the highest of which, Yunque, is 3,000 feet above sea-level. The trees are mostly ferns. The sandal-wood trees are nearly all exterminated. Horses, pigs, and goats run wild. The island was discovered by the Spaniard whose name it bears in 1563, and was frequently visited by buccaneers down to its occupation by the Spaniards in 1750. Here Alexander Selkirk, a buccaneer, a native of the Scotch fishing village of Largs, lived in solitude, 1704-1709. His story is supposed to have suggested the "Robinson Crusoe" of Defoe. When Spain lost her South American colonies Juan Fernandez fell to Chile, which used it as a penal settlement, 1819-1835. It is usually inhabited by a few Chilean seal and sealion hunters; and in 1877 it was leased by the Chilean government to a Swiss, who established a small colony there.
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Jubal
son of Lamech and Adah in sinech and Adah in the inventor of the the Genesis story, the inventor of the harp and organ, probably general terms bbumy general terms ad instruments. The for stringed and wind instruments. The meaning of the name is most likely sighe is most likely significant, connected with yobel, "jubilee." with yobel, "jubilee."
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Jubilate
the 100th Psalm, which 100th Psalm, which in the Vulgate begins Jubilate Deo omnis Jubilate Deo omnis terra. It was added to the English to the English Prayer-book in 1552, to be sung after the be sung after the Second Lesson, instead of the Benedictus, the Benedictus, when that canticle occurs in the chapter in the chapter for the day; but it is used at other times at other times as well, and always at thanksgivings. ksgivings.
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Jubilee
Year of, an institution of the ancient Hebrews. Every fiftieth year was a Sabbatical year. At the end of seven times seven years, the completion of the forty-ninth year, the trumpet of jubilee was sounded throughout the land. The fields were left untilled; all lands and houses, save in walled cities, were returned to their original owners, or, if not living, to their heirs. In other words, sale was not valid beyond the following year of jubilee. Thus the widow, who had been forced by poverty to part with her house, fell again into possession of her own. The orphan, no matter how hardly he may have been dealt with, came again into his father's property. Debts were forgiven, slaves were set free. Members of families long separated were thus united with great rejoicing. It was a sort of national bankruptcy act, applicable to all classes and conditions of society. At the close of the year of jubilee, society took a fresh start. See Holiday
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Juby
CAPE, a cape on the cape on the W. coast of Africa, 100 miles S. of the smiles S. of the frontier of Morocco, with an anchorage. an anchorage. A trading settlement of an English com- English company was established in 1879-1889. in 1879-1889..
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Juda-Hakadosh
a famous rabbi in the time of the Emperor Aurelius to whom he was preceptor. He is said to have been the original compiler of the Mischna, or the Talmudical text.
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Judas
or JUDE, brother of James, one of the 12 apostles. Matthew and Mark call him Thaddæus surnamed of bie Lebbæus. Nothing is known of his life. The General Epistle of Jude. - A short epistle thought by many to have been penned by Judc. So much of Jude's epistle is like II Peter, that portions of the one seem to have been transcribed from the other.
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Judas Iscariot
one of the 12 oftbis Master, apostles, and betrayer of his Master. For the paltry sum of about $ 15 he engaged with the Jewish Sanhedrim to guide them to a place where they could seize his Lord by night without danger of a tumult. But when he learned the result, a terrible remorse took possession in wundoing his of him; not succeeding in undoing his he cast fatal work with the priests, he cast down before them the price of blood, crossed the gloomy valley of Hinnom, and hanged himself (Matt. xxvii: 3-10); or fell headlong and burst asunder (Luke xxii.; in Acts i: 18). Sea MAG- JUDAS MACCABÆUS. See MAC- CABEES. ther of James,
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Judas' Tree
a genus of trees of the natural order Leguminosæ, sub-order Cæsalpinex. The common Judas' tree is of a native of the S. of Europe and of the warmer temperate parts of Asia. It has almost orbicular, very obtuse leaves. The flowers, which are rose-colored, ap- There is pear before the leaves. There is a legend that Judas hanged himself on a tree of this kind. The American Judas' tree is very similar, but has acuminate leaves. The flower buds are frequently used in salads and pickled in vinegar. The wood of both species is very beautiful, veined with black, and takes an exshoots of the cellent polish. The young shoots of the sed in dormes American Judas' tree are used in domestie dyeing and impart a fine color to wool. as American
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