Jugurtha
A distinguished Numidian who went with a body of troops to the assistance of Scipio who was besieging Numantia. Jugurtha endeared himself to the Roman general by his bravery and activity. His uncle Micipsa appointed him successor to the throne, with his two sons Adherbal and Hiempsal, the latter of whom was slain by Jugurtha, and the former had to fly to Rome for safety. Caecilius Metellus was sent against Jugurtha, who was betrayed, and delivered into the hands of the Romans. He died in prison, в. c. 106. 2026 Editor's Note: Contrary to the date and passive description on this page, historical sources record that Jugurtha was executed by strangulation in Rome's Tullianum prison in 104 BC, two years after his capture. He was paraded in Gaius Marius' triumph in 105 BC before his execution. (Ed: BR 2026-07-13)
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Jujube
the popular name of a genus of spiny and deciduous shrubs or small trees, genus Zizyphus, natural order Rhamnaceæ. The species are numerous, and of several the fruit, which is bloodsweet saffron-colored with or red a granular pulp, is wholesome and pleasant to eat. The common jujube (Z. vulgaris) is a native of Syria, from which it was introduced into Europe. The article fruit is dried and forms an of asurab te commerce. Z. Lotus, a shrub two or three feet high, is a native of Persia and we of Persi the N. of Africa. Z. spina Christi, or rina Christ Christ's thorn, is said to have furnished have furn the branches of which our Saviour's our Savi crown of thorns was made. Also a conde. Also fection made of gum arabic or gelatine, ahie or gele sweetened and flavored.
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Jujuy
the extreme N. the ex province of the Argentine Republic; a mountainous tract, bounded on the W. and N. by Bolivia; area 18,977 square miles; pop. about 77,000. Its minerals are rich. The chief industries are agriculture and cattle-raising; sugar and wheat are the principal crops. The exports consist of cattle, mules, fruit, chicha brandy, skins, gold-dust, and salt. -dust, and Capital Jujuy, on the San Francisco Satt Fra river, has a custom-house, national colase, nation lege, etc., pop. about 6,000.
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Julep
in medicine, a demulcent, a demulcent, acidulous, or mucilaginous mixture. Almixture. Also a fancy beverage composed of whisky, beed of whisky, brandy, or other spirituous liquor, mixed e liquor, mixed with sugar, crushed ice, and sprigs of and sprigs of young mint; called also mint-julep. be nicet anciant
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Julia (Celebrated woman born)
A celebrated woman born in Phoenicia. She applied herself to the study of philosophy, and was conspicuous for her mental as well as her personal charms. She came to Rome, where she married Septimius Severus, who was afterward invested with the purple. She was also called Domna.
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Julia (Daughter of Augustus)
Daughter of Augustus, remarkable for her beauty, genius, and vices. Her father gave her in marriage to Marcellus , after whose death she united herself to Agrippa , and again becoming a widow she married Tiberius. Her conduct now became so unseemly that she was banished to a small island on the coast of Campania , where she was starved to death.
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Julia (Daughter of Julius Caesar)
A daughter of Julius Caesar and Cornelia, famous for her virtues and personal charms. She was obliged by her father to divorce herself from her first husband to marry Pompey the Great, with the object of cementing the friendship between him and her father.
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Julia Gens
one of the most ancient patrician houses at Rome, of Alban origin, and removed to Rome by Tullus me by Tullus Hostilius on the destruction of Alba tion Alba ent from the Longa. It claimed descent from the Venus and An mythical Iulus, the son of Venus and Anruished family chises. The most distinguished family of the Gens was that of Cæsar.
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Julian
CARDINAL; born in 1398; was deputed by Pope Eugene IV. to counsel Ladislaus, King of Hungary, to break the peace concluded with Amurath II. A long and disastrous war was the result, during which the Christian army was defeated at Varna, in 1444. He presided at the council of Basle.
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Julian Epoch
the epoch or commencement of the Julian calendar. The first Julian year began with Jan. 1, 46 B. ., c and the 768th from the year assigned to the foundation of Rome.
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Julian Period
a period of 7,980 years, produced by multiplying 19 (the lunar cycle) by 28 (the solar cycle), and 15 (the Roman indiction). It began 4,713 years before the Christian era.
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Julianus
A son of Julius Constantius, the brother of Constantine the Great, born in Constantinople. The massacre which attended the elevation of the sons of Constantine to the throne nearly proved fatal to Julian and his brother Gallus. The two brothers were privately educated and taught the doctrine of the Christian religion-which afterward Julian disavowed, and in consequence of this the term Apostate is generally affixed to his name. He died, A. D. 363, in his thirty-second year. His last moments were spent in a conversation with a philosopher about the immortality of the soul. Julian's character has been admired by some writers, but generally he is censured for his apostasy.
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Juliet
. See Romeo And Juliet
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Jullunder
a city of the Punjab, city of the Punjab, India; in the Doab or rich alluvial r rich alluvial plain of the same name between the Sutlej and plain the tween the Sutlej and Beas. Jullunder is a very ancient is a very ancient ! city, founded before Alexander's invasion Alexander's invasion of India, and is referred to in the referred to in the "Mahábhárata." Pop. about 75,000. p. about 75,000.
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Jumbo
a large African elephant on exhibition for twenty-five years in the Royal Zoological Garden at London. Jumbo was sold to P. T. Barnum, 1882, for $10,000 and traveled with his circus for three years, but was killed finally in a railroad accident in Canada. He weighed about 12,000 pounds. His skeleton, preserved in the Smithsonian Museum at Washington, is eleven feet six inches in height. See Barnum ; Elephant
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Jumet
a town of Bel- (), a town of Belgium, province of Hainault, three miles N. Kainault, three miles of Charleroi; has glass-works, distilglass-works, distilleries, and extensive coal mines; pop. ecoal mines; pop. about 30,000.
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