Khartum
a town in the Eastern Sudan, on the left bank of the Blue bank of the Blu Nile, near its junction with the White action with the Whi Nile. It has sprung up since 1830, and ang up since 1880, an and largest town was the capital of and largest town in the Egyptian Sudan, and the emporium lan, and the emporium of a large trade, ivory, gums, ostrich ivory, gums, ostric feathers, senna, etc., being exchanged for being exchanged fo European goods, and slaves being also and slaves being ale dealt in. It was the scene of Gordon's the scene of Gordon heroic defense against the insurgent gainst the insurger Sudanese, and of his death in January, his death in Januar 1885. It was taken and held by the ken and held by th Mahdi and his successor, the Khalifa, till cessor, sor, the Khalifa, ti September, 1898, when it was recaptured when it was recapture by General Kitchener. Pop. about itchener. Pop. abou 70,000.
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Khaya
a genus of trees of h), a genus of trees the order Cedrelacex. The kassou-khaye The kassou-khay of Senegal (K. Senegalensis), one of the enegalensis), one of th most abundant forest trees in that part trees in that par of Africa, attains a height of 80 or 100 height of 80 ot 10 feet, and is much valued for its timber, valued for its timbe called cailcedra, or African mahogany, or African mahogany which is reddish colored, very hard, durvery hard, du able, and of beautiful grain. in.
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Khayyam
OMAR. See OMAR. See OMA OMAR KHAYYAM. -dev'), the official titi
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Khelat
capital of Baluchistan, and ital of Baluchistan, an the residence of the Khan. The houses the Khan. The house of the city are mostly mud huts and the mostly mud, huts and th industries, excepting that in rude potthat in rude po tery, are negligible. The English occи- The English occu pied the city in the Afghan War in 1839 fghan War in 183 after a considerable resistance on the resistance on th part of the garrison. Since 1877 arrison. Since 1877 a British agent with a military escort has a military escort ha been the real ruler of the city. Pop. uler of the city. Por about 15,000.
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Kherson
the capital of the former capital of the forme Russian province of that name (area, of that name (area 27,337 square miles; pop. about miles: pop. abou 4,000,000); on the Dnieper, N. E. of the Dnieper, N. E. C Odessa. The town was laid out by own was laid out b Prince Potemkin in 1778 as a port for in 1778 as a port fo the construction of ships of war. It of ships of war. de in timber, and man has a large trade in timber, and manufactures soap, tallow, beer, and tobacco. allow, beer, and tobacc Wool cleansing is an important industry. is an important industry At Kherson Potemkin is buried, and emkin is buried, an John Howard, the prison reformer, died. tan, winding in a N. W. direction for 33 Pop. about 100,000.
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Khiva
a semi-independent khanate of central Asia, forming part of Turkestan. It formerly occupied a large extent of surface on both sides of the Amu- Darya or Oxus, but since the cession to Russia, in 1873, of its territory on the E. of the Amu, it is confined to the W. side of this river. A great part of the surface consists of deserts, thinly inhabited or uninhabitable; but along the Amu the land consists of rich alluvial loam of the greatest natural fertility, assisted by irrigation, and securing luxuriant crops of grain, cotton, madder, fruit, including the vine and vegetables. Pop. about 800,000. The capital lies on an alluvial flat at the junction of two canals, 50 miles W. of the left bank of the Amu. Among the principal buildings are two palaces of the khan, a number of mosques, and the castles of the principal state officers. Pop. about 5,000.
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Khootbah
an oration delivered every Friday after the forenoon service in the principal Mohammedan mosques, in which the speaker praises God, blesses Mohammed, and prays for the sultan or king.
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Khorasan
a province of Persia, bordering on Afghanistan; area, 140,000 square miles; pop. about 900,000. Much of the surface consists of deserts, but there are also fertile districts producing crops of cotton, hemp, aromatic and medicinal herbs. The most valuable mineral is the turquoise from the ancient mines of Nishapur. The principal manufactures are silk and woolen stuffs, carpets, muskets, and sword-blades. About two-thirds of the inhabitants are Persians proper; the remainder are chiefly Turcomans and Kurds.
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Khordad
the good genius of the Persians. Persian prince, who
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Khosru
a flourished in the 6th century of our era and figures brilliantly in poetry and legend. His grandson, also named Khosru, reigned from 590 to 628.
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Khotan
called locally ILCHI, a city and district of eastern Turkestan, lying at the N. base of the Kuen-Lun Mountains, and only 6 miles from the desert. The district is rich in gold and jade, manufactures silk, and exports silk stuff, carpets, and jade ware. Pop. about 50,000.
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Khu
The Egyptian name for one of the immortal parts of man, probably the spirit. The word means clear" or "luminous" and is symbolised by a flame of fire.
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Khyber Pass
a military road between the Punjab and Afghanismiles between the projecting spurs of two inclosing ranges of hills. The pass is merely the bed of a narrow watercourse. The mountains on either side are in many places perpendicular walls of smooth rock, and can be climbed only in a few places; they vary in height from 1,404 to 3,373 feet. Over the roughest parts of the pass artillery has to be dragged by men. The Khyber Pass has been the key of the adjacent regions in either direction from the days of Alexander the Great. During the Afghan Wars of 1839-1842 it was twice traversed by a British army in spite of an obstinate defense by the natives. The first fighting in the Afghan War of 1878-1880 was in forcing an entrance into this pass. It was stipulated in the treaty of Gandamak (1879) that the Anglo-Indian authorities were in future to have full control of this pass.
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