Klux Klan
a secret American founded in 1866 at Pulaski, Tenn., originally for purposes of amusement only, "regulators." The proceedings of the soon developed into an association of feature of the determined struggle to Ku-Klux in the Southern States are one withhold from the emancipated slaves the right of voting. The outrages and murders which convulsed the country in 1868-1869 ended in the calling out of troops and the formal disbandment of the society in March of the latter year; but its name and often its disguises were used for years to cover the violence of political desperadoes. North American Indians, also called
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Knapp
MARTIN AUGUSTINE, an IN AUGUSTINE, all American jurist and public official, born public official, born at Spafford, N. Y., in 1843. He gradu- In 1843. He gradu ated from Wesleyan University in 1868. University in 1868. He was admitted to the bar in the folthe bar in the fol lowing year. He served as corporation ved as corporation counsel for the city of Syracuse, from of Syracuse from 1877 to 1883. In 1891 he was appointed 91 he was appointe a member of the Interstate Commerce eterstate Commerci Commission and was re-appointed sucre-appointed suc cessively by Presidents Cleveland and Cleveland dand Roosevelt. From 1898 he was chairman he was chairman of the commission. He was appointed e was appointed circuit judge in 1910. He served as mediator in several disputes between the isputes between the public and the railroads. He was a member of several economic societies. no
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Knaus
LUDWIG (knous), a German painter; born in Wiesbaden, Oct. 10, 1829. He studied at Düsseldorf under Karl Sohn and Schadow, but struck out a path for himself, painting subjects from everyday rustic life. In 1852-1860 he lived mostly in Paris and painted "The Golden Wedding ," "The Baptism," and "The Settingout for the Dance." In 1861-1866 he resided in Berlin. Among his paintings are "The Juggler," "His Highness on His Travels," "Cobbler Boy" and "Organgrinder." From 1866 to 1874 he lived in Düsseldorf, and painted the pictures on which his fame as a genre painter is most securely founded: "The Children's Feast," "The Funeral," "The Goose -Girl," "Brothers and Sisters," etc. Among his later pictures are "A Holy Family," "Bad Roads," "The Stubborn Model," "The Wisdom of Solomon," etc. He died Dec. 7, 1910.
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Knee
the articulation between the femur or thigh bone, above, and the tibia or shin bone below. A third bone, the patella, or knee cap, also enters into the structure of this joint anteriorly. The chief movements of this joint are of those a hinge-joint-namely, flexion and extension; but it is also capable of slight rotatory motion when the knee is half-flexed.
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Knee Cap
or PATELLA, a sesamoid bone, developed in the single tendon of the rectus, crureus, vastus externus, and vastus internus muscles-the great quadriceps extensor muscle of the leg. It is heart-shaped in form, the broad end being directed upward, and the apex downward. This bone is liable both to dislocation and fracture. Dislocation may occur either inward or outward; but it is most frequent in the outward direction. The displacement may be caused either by mechanical violence, or by too sudden contraction of the extensor muscles in whose conjoined tendon it lies; and is most liable to occur in knock-kneed, flabby persons. Except in one rare variety, the dislocation is capable of being reduced without any difficulty. Fracture of the patella may, like dislocation, be caused either by muscular action or by mechanical violence. Fracture by violent muscular action, when a person in as danger of falling forward attempts to recover himself by throwing the body backward, is the more common of the two forms.
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Kneipp
SEBASTIAN, a clergyman; born in Stefansried, May 17, German 1821. He became Roman Catholic a priest in 1852. His attention was early drawn to the "water cure" which he advocated for years. This method was chiefly walking barefoot in dew-moistened grass. He died in Wörishofen, June 17, 1897.
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Kneller
SIR GODFREY lish portrait painter; born in Lübeck, , an Eng- Aug. 8, 1648. He learned painting under Rembrandt and Ferdinand Bol. In 1674 he went to London, and, on the death of Sir Peter Lely in 1680, was appointed court -painter to Charles II. This office he retained during the reign of James II. and continued to fill it after the Revolution . In 1692 William III. knighted him, and in 1715 George I. made him a baronet. Kneller's best known productions are the "Beauties of Hampton Court" (painted by order of William III.), his portraits of the "Kit-Cat Club," and of nine sovereigns ( Charles II. to George I. of England, Louis XIV., Peter the Great, and the Emperor Charles VI He painted avowedly for the love of .). money , and hence never did justice to the undoubted talent he possessed. He died in Twickenham, Nov. 7, 1723.
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Knickerbocker's History of New York
. See Irving
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Knigge
(See Illuminati .)
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Knight
nit. See Chivalry
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Knight
AUSTIN MELVIN American naval officer, born at Ware, , an Mass., in 1854. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1873, and was commanding ensign in the following year. He served on the Asiatic Station in 1874-1875, and from 1876 to 1878, was at the Naval academy. He followed this with service on the European and South Atlantic stations, and from 1885 to 1889 was in charge of the ordnance proving ground at . After additional service at sea, he was Annapolis made superintendent of the Naval Academy from 1892 to 1895. During the Spanish- American War, he commanded several vessels, engaged in the blockade of Cuba. From 1898 to 1901 he was head of the department of seamanship at the Naval Academy. From 1904 to 1907 he was president of the special board on naval ordnance , and from 1913 to 1917 he was commandant and president of the Naval War College. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the Asiatic Fleet with the rank of admiral, in April, 1917. He retired from active service in December, 1918. He wrote "Modern Seaman- D ship" (1901), and contributed many arouted man ticles to magazines.
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