Lugano
a town in the Swiss canton of Ticino, on the N. W. shore of Lake Lugano, 49 miles N. by W. from Milan; is in appearance thoroughly Italian, villas studding the lower slopes of the hills embosomed in vineyards, olive and orange groves, chestnut and walnut woods; the church of Santa Maria degli Angioli has interesting works of art by Luini; and an important cattle fair is held here in October. Mazzini and the Italian patriots made Lugano their headquarters for some time after 1848. From Monte Salvatore (2,982 feet), in the vicinity, a magnificent view may be obtained. Pop. about 14,000.
LAKE OF, also called CERESIO (che-rāzē-ō), a sheet of water at the S. foot of the Alps, 889 feet above sea-level; length, 14½ miles; average breadth, 14 miles; area, 182 square miles. The depth varies very greatly, the maximum being 945 feet, while the average is only about 246 feet. The lake is provided with steamboats.
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Lugansk
Russia, a town on the Lugan, 240 miles E. of Ekaterinoslav. It was important before the World War as one of the larger manufacturing centers of the Donetz Basin, its iron foundries being over a hundred years old. Pop. about 60,000.
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Lugdunum
the ancient name of Lyons and of Leyden.
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Lugger
a small vessel, carrying two or three masts with a lugsail on each, and a running bowsprit, on which are set two or three jibs. LUGO (lögō) (Lucus Augusti of the Romans), capital of a province in the N. W. of Spain, situated on the Minho, 72 miles by rail S. E. of Corunna; has 1129-1177, a cathedral built in manufactures of linen and leather; is still surrounded with old walls, high and thick, with towers; and was celebrated as early as the time of the Romans for its warm sulphur baths. Pop. about 35,000. Also the province, a mountainous but agricultural region, drained by the Minho and its tributary the Sil, and rich in minerals that are but little extracted; area, 3,814 square miles; pop. about 500,000.
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Lugh
In Irish romance, son of Kian , and father of Cuchulain. He was brought up by his uncle Goban, the Smith, and by Duach, King of Fairyland. It was prophesied of Lugh that he should eventually overcome his father's old enemy Balor , his own grandfather. So instead of killing the three murderers of his father, Kian, he put them on oath to obtain certain wonders, including the magical spear of the King of "Persia" and the pig-skin of the King of Greece , which, if laid on a patient, would heal him of his wound or cure him of his sickness. Thus equipped, Lugh entered the Battle of Moytura, against the Fomorians, and by hurling a stone which pierced through the eye to the brain of Balor, fulfilled the druidic prophecy. Lugh was the Irish Sun-god; his final conquest of the Fomorians and their leader symbolises the victory of light and intellect over darkness. Balor was god of darkness, and brute force as embodied in the Fomorians. By his title of Ildanach, or " All Craftsman," Lugh is comparable to the Greek Apollo. He was widely worshipped by Continental Celts .
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Lugo
a town of Italy, 18 miles W. of Ravenna; has a trade in corn, hemp, wine, and a celebrated fair (all September). Pop. about 30,000.
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Lugos
a city of Hungary, the capital of the county of Krassó-Szörény. It is on the river Temes. Prior to the war, the vineyards were extensively cultivated and wine was the principal export.. There were also manufactures of lumber, linen and silk. Pop. about 20,000.
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Lugsail
a four-cornered sail bent to a yard, which is slung at a point twothirds of its length from the peak. LUIZ. See LOUIS.
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Luks
GEORGE BENJAMIN, painter; born in Williamsport, Pa., in 1867, he received his first art education at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and the Düsseldorf Academy, and then became a student in Paris and London. He was war correspondent and artist for the Philadelphia "Bulletin" in Cuba in 1895-1896, and has since turned out considerable work. He won the Temple gold medal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and is a member of the National Association of Portrait Painters. LULEÅ, Sweden, a port on the Gulf of Bothnia, at the mouth of the Lule-Elf. It was modernized after being burned in 1887; since then it has acquired importance as an export point for Gellivara iron ore. Pop. about 10,000.
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Lulongo
a river in Africa, rising in the nortr-central part of the Belgian Congo and flowing in a westerly direction into the Congo river at Lulongo.
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Lumbago
rheumatism of the muscles of the loins, with sudden and severe pain, sometimes extending to the ligaments underneath the muscles.
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Lumber
. See Forestry ; Pine ; Oak ; Cedar ; Fir ; Spruce ; Maine ; Washington , etc.
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Luminous Bodies
Dead bodies are frequently supposed to glow in the dark with a sort of phosphorescent light. Possibly the belief arose from the idea that the soul was like a fire dwelling in the body.
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Luminous or Phosphorescent Dial
A dial covered with varnish or a solution of white wax in turpentine, over which is dusted powdered sulphide of barium. Such a dial is luminous in the dark so that it can be read without a light. It loses its phosphorescence after a time, but this may be restored by exposing it to sunlight or to the flame of magnesium wire.
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Luminous Paint
a paint containing phosphorus, which after exposure to strong light becomes luminous in the dark for a time.
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Lummis
CHARLES FLETCHER, an American author; born in Lynn, Mass., March 1, 1859. He was a resident of Los Angeles, Cal. He was devoted to the archæology and history of the aboriginal tribes of the Southwest. Among his works are: "The Land of Poco Tiempo "; " The Spanish Pioneers "; " The Man Who Married the Moon "; " The Gold Fish of the Gran Chimú "; " A New Mexico David, and Other Stories "; " The King of the Broncos " ( 1897); " The Enchanted Burro " ( 1897); "The Awakening of a Nation" (1898); "My Friend Will" (1911).
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