Longueville
the name of a noble French family, the principal of whom are FRANCIS D'ORLEANS, son of the celebrated Dunois, died 1491. His son, of the same name, at whose instance, in 1505, the county of Longueville was erected into a dukedom by Louis XII., died 1512. His brother, LOUIS, a combatant at the battle of the Spurs and at the siege of Pavia, 1525. LEONARD, at whose instance the dukes of Longueville were allowed the title of princes of the blood royal by Charles IX., died 1571. HENRY, who commanded against in 1589 won the battle the leaguers, and of Senlis, died 1595. His son, of the same name, served under Louis XIII., and was afterward imprisoned with Condé and Conti, as partisans of the Fronde, died 1663. The wife of the latter, ANNE GENEVIEVE, sister of the great Condé, distinguished for her part in the wars of the Fronde, died in religious retirement. The last of the family were two sons of Henry and Anne, the eldest of whom died in a convent, 1694; and the second, C. PARIS, was killed at the Rhine, 1672.
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Longview
county-seat of Gregg co., Tex., 24 miles W. of Marshall, on the Sabine river, Texas and Pacific, International and Great Northern, and Texas and Gulf railroads. Commercial center of lumber, cotton, live-stock district. Has foundries, plow works, and mineral wells. Pop. (1910) 5,155; (1920) 5,713.
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Longworth
NICHOLAS, member Representativ of the House of Representatives from Ohio since 1903, with the exception of two years, viz. 1913-1915. Born at Cincinnati Nov. 5, 1869, graduated from Harvard University in 1891, and admitted to the bar in Ohio three years later. He has always taken a promient part in support of the Republican party in his State and nation. On Feb. House he married 17, 1906, at the White Alice Lee Roosevelt, daughter of President Roosevelt.
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Looking-Glass
. See Mirror
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Lookout Mountain
a high point in the ridge of mountains running through northwestern Georgia and adjacent parts of Tennessee and Alabama. It overhangs the Tennessee river near Chattanooga and from the top, 1,600 feet above the river, seven States can be seen. It was here that, during the Civil War, the famous "battle above the clouds" took place Nov. 23-25, 1863, between the Confederate force under General Bragg, holding the mountain, and the Union forces under General Grant. The latter scaled the almost precipitous sides of the mountain, and surprised the enemy, dislodging them and compelling them to retreat after a desperate conflict. This victory gave the Union army unimpeded navigation of the river to Chattanooga, relieved this city and forced Longstreet to give up his siege of Burnside at Knoxville and to retreat to Virginia.
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Loom
. See Weaving
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Loos
a town in northern France, noted for a Cistercian abbey founded in 1181, it is said, by St. Bernard. It is now used as a prison. Before the World War (1914-1918) the population was 10,640. The scene of many struggles between the Germans and the forces of the Allies. The battle of Loos, begun on Sept. 25, 1915, was the greatest battle the British had engaged in up to that time in the war. The fighting continued with brief intervals for three weeks and from first to last twelve British divisions were used in the Loos area alone. The assault in the main area was on a seven-mile front delivered by two corps of General Haig's First Army. The first corps was under General Gough, the fourth under General Rawlinson. The British gained in this battle 7,000 yards of front and 4,000 of depth. They captured 3,000 prisoners and lost 50,000 men and 2,000 officers.
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Lopez
FRANCISCO SOLANO, President of Paraguay; born in Asuncion in 1827; son of Don Carlos Antonio Lopez, president of Paraguay from 1844-1862. He filled some of the principal offices of state while his father was president, and was sent to Europe in 1853, accredited to the chief courts there. In 1855 he returned to Paraguay, became minister of war, and on the death of his father, in 1862, president for 10 years. He had long been aiming at the foundation of a great inland empire, and in 1864 commenced hostilities against Brazil. The Argentine Republic and Uruguay allied themselves with Brazil, and after five years' conflict López was reduced to extremities, and was finally surprised on the banks of the Aquidaban by a troop of Brazilian cavalry and slain, March 1870. The latter part of his career had been stained by many cruelties and wanton murders.
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Lopoukine, Chevalier
A Russian theologian to whom is attributed a tract, said to be translated from the Russian and entitled Characteristics of the Interior Church (1801). His teaching is similar to that of Eckhartshausen whose work has elsewhere been briefly described it is a kind of Christian transcendentalism and in its tenour, resembles the higher literature of the Graal. Lords of the Flame or Children of the Fire Mist, are, according to theosophists, adepts sent from the planet Venus to aid terrestrial evolution. It is necessary to explain that, in the evolution of the Solar System (q.v.) Venus is considerably in advance of the Earth, but by the efforts of these adepts directed towards intellectual development-the inhabitants of the earth are now really farther advanced than in ordinary course they would be. These adepts are not permanently inhabitants of the Earth, and, while a few yet remain, most of them have returned whence they came, the time of crisis at which they assisted having now passed. (See Theosophy , Evolution, Chains.)
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Loquat
a Chinese and Japanese fruit, of the natural order Rosaceæ. It has been introduced into Australia, California, and Florida, and is now abundant there. The Loquat tree or shrub attains a height of 20 or 30 feet, but in cultivation is seldom allowed to exceed 12 feet. It is a beautiful evergreen, with large oblong wrinkled leaves, and white flowers in terminal woolly panicles, having a fragrance like that of hawthorn-blossom; m; the fruit is downy, oval, or pear-shaped, yellow, and about the size of a large gooseberry. The seeds have an agreeable flavor.
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