Malleco
one of the provinces of Chile. The W. part is mountainous, the main product of the province being timber taken from the well-wooded slopes. Area, 2,900 square miles; pop. about 120,000.
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Single-source entries: M (14)
Each of these 13 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Mallock
WILLIAM HURRELL, an English author; born in Devonshire, England, in 1849. He was educated by a private tutor, and afterward at Oxford, where, in 1871, he gained the Newdigate Prize Poem. He never entered a profession, though at one time he contemplated the diplomatic service. "The New Republic," most of which he wrote while at Oxford, was published in 1876; a year later "The New Paul and Virginia"; in 1879 "Is Life Worth Living?" appeared; in 1880 a small edition of "Poems," written, most of them, many years previous; the following year "A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," and, in 1882, "Social Equality." Other of his works are "Every Man His Own Poet"; "Property and Progress"; "Labor and the Popular Welfare" (1893); "Aristocracy and Evolution" (1898); "Reconstruction of a Belief" (1905); "The Nation as a Business Firm" (1910). MALLORCA. See MAJORCA.
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Malmaison
BATTLE OF, was fought by French troops under General Maistre, Oct. 23-25, 1917, when the Chemin-des-Dames was cleared of the enemy and the Germans driven to the Ailette River. The front attack covered 12 kilometers and was preceded by six days of artillery preparation in which 25 million shells of "75's" alone were fired. The French troops attacked before daybreak on Oct. 23. The soldiers under General Maud'huy holding the left of the line, when they heard that they were opposed by two divisions of Prussian Guards whom they had defeated at Verdun, were aroused to such determination that in 45 minutes they had planted their flag on the Fort of the Malmaison. In this battle the French captured 11,000 prisoners, of whom 257 were officers, and 200 cannon.
a château on the left bank of the Seine, 10 miles W. of Paris. It was the favorite residence of Josephine, wife of Napoleon I., and here she died. The château belonged to Richelieu, and was restored by by Napoleon III. in 1861. A sortie by Ducrot from Paris in 1870 was repulsed here by the Germans.
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Malmsey
a name bestowed originally on the red and white wines of Napoli di Malvasia or Monemvasia, in the Morea, not because it produced them, but because it exported them; they were grown in the islands of the Ægean and the Levant. The Malmsey wines of modern commerce are mostly the produce of Teneriffe, Madeira, the Azores, Sardinia, Sicily, and one or two other places.
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Malot
HECTOR (mä-lō'), a French novelist; born near Rouen, France, May 20, 1830. He was a prolific writer. Of his numerous works the best known are: "The Victims of Love," in three parts; "The Lovers"; "Husband and Wife"; "The Children"; "Doctor Claude"; "Accomplices"; "In the Bosom of the Family"; etc. Most of his books treat of French life under the Second Empire. He died in 1907.
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Malphas
Grand president of the infernal regions, where he appears under the shape of a crow. When he appears in human form he has a very raucous voice. He builds impregnable citadels and towers, overthrows the ramparts of his enemies, finds good workmen, gives familiar spirits, receives sacrifices, and deceives the sacrificers. Forty legions are under his command.
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Malplaquet
a vil lage in the French department of Nord, 10 miles S. of Mons in Belgium. Here, Sept. 11, 1709, over 90,000 British and Dutch, under Marlborough and Prince Eugene, defeated about the same number of French under Marshal Villars. In this "very murderous battle," as Marlborough called it, the loss of the allies was from 20,000 to 30,000, of the French from 6,000 to 16,000. Its result was the capture of Mons.
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Maltese Dog
a small variety of , most frespaniel, with long, silky hair quently white; the muzzle is round. MALTESE ISLANDS. See MALTA.
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Malvern
GREAT, one of the most fashionable watering-places in England, Hills, at on the E. side of the Malvern the foot of the Worcestershire Beacon, summit of which (1,444 feet from the views are above the sea-level) extensive obtained. It is irregularly laid out, and has a fine cruciform church, with a square embattled tower 124 feet high rebuilt in the rising from the center, restored in reign of Henry VII., and is Malvern 1860-1861. On the outskirts Goldschmidt (Jennie College. Madame many years Lind) resided near Malvern . Pop. about 17,000. previous to her death
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Malvern Hill
an eminence near . the James river, S. E. of Richmond, Va Here, on July 1, 1862, the Confederates Union under Lee were defeated by the army under McClellan.
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Mamaroneck
town in Westchester co., N. Y., on Long Island Sound, 20 miles from New York City. Takes in Larchmont, and many New York business men have homes there. Has clothing and rubber goods factories, but chiefly noted as resort for bathing and yachting. Pop. (1910, including Larchmont) 7,657; (1920) 6,571.
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Mamelukes
a force of cavalry famous in the history of Egypt. When Genghis Khan overran western Asia, he subjected many of the conquered people to slavery. He sold a body of 12,000, principally Circassians and Turks, to the Arabic sultan of Egypt. They were instructed in military tactics and formed into a corps of cavalry. The name is from an Arab word meaning slaves. Being superior mentally to their masters, they soon became insubordinate and, like the Roman legion, took an active part in politics. In 1254 they assassinated the sultan and appointed one of their own number his successor. They recruited their numbers by slaves brought chiefly from Circassia, and became the dominant element in Egypt for 263 years. When Napoleon invaded Egypt, the Mameluke cavalry was the most formidable force he had to deal with. In 1811 the Mamelukes were exterminated by a general massacre ordered by the Turkish pasha.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Mammalia
in zoölogy, mammals, the highest class of the vertebrate sub-kingdom. The individuals are characterized by the possession of mammæ (teats), enabling them to suckle their young. The class is sometimes popularly " botteg hae MAMMOTH but erroneously called quadrupeds (fourfooted animals). They have red, warm blood, in this respect agreeing with birds, but differing from reptiles, amphibians and fishes. The mouth is concealed by lips and armed with bony and enameled teeth; each ramus of the mandible is composed of a simple piece of bone. The covering is of hair. Normally, there are four limbs, which in some aquatic members of the class are modified into fins. The toes are generally five. Most of the bones are solid or have cavities filled with marrow, the air cells which aid in imparting lightness to the bones of birds being, as a rule, absent. The bones of the cranium and of the face are immovably fixed to each other. The cranium is larger than in other vertebrates, the lower jaw consists of only two pieces. The vertebral column may be divided into five regions, the cervical, the dorsal, the lumbar, the sacral, and the caudal vertebræ. The heart has two auricles and two ventricles. The respiration is by lungs. MAMMARY GLAND. See BREAST,
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