Each of these 13 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
the chief seaport of the principality of Cutch, in India, on the N. shore of the Gulf of Cutch, 36 miles S. W. of Bhuj, the capital. It has a good roadstead and a breakwater, but the harbor is choked with sand. Pop. about 25,000.
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ÉDOUARD, a French artist, pioneer and leader of the school of impressionist painting; born in Paris, 1832. Painted in the studio of Couture for five years, and then traveled extensively over Europe studying the work of He finally evolved a the Old Masters. style of his own which revolutionized modern painting. His methods evoked a storm of criticism, and it was not until his death in 1883 that the value of his work met full recognition. Among his noted works are: "Boy with Sword," Metropolitan Museum, New York. "Guitar Player," Osborn Collection, New York. "Dead Toreador," Widener Col- Philadelphia. "The Balcony," Luxembourg, Paris. Havemeyer, New York. He also painted portraits of Zola, Clemenceau, and others.
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King of Naples and Sicily; born in Sicily, about 1232. He was a natural son of the Emperor Frederick II. After the death of his brother Conrad, he became regent of the kingdom, during the minority of Conradin, his nephew. Pope Innocent IV. exciting a revolt against him, he was driven from his kingdom; but he reconquered it a year afterward, and caused himself to be excrowned in 1258. Pope Urban IV. communicated him, and offered his kingdom to Charles of Anjou. Manfred perished in a desperate battle with the latter near Benevento, in 1266.
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a walled seaport of Italy, on the Gulf of Manfredonia, a bay of the Adriatic. Founded by Manfred in 1261 from the ruins of ancient Sipontum, it has an old castle and a cathedral.
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a seaport, military station, and chief town in the district of South Kanara, presidency of Madras, India. A clean, picturesque town, embosomed in cocoanut palm groves, it ships large quantities of coffee (from Coorg and Mysore) in small Arabian and Indian vessels. The town has a Roman Catholic bishop and college, and is also the headquarters in India of the Basel Lutheran Mission. The town, which was three times sacked by the Portuguese in the 16th century, was taken by Hyder Ali in 1763, and made the headquarters of his navy. In 1784 its English garrison yielded to Tippoo Sultan after a nine months' siege. It became British in 1799, and was burned by the Coorg rebels in 1837. Pop. about 50,000.
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JAMES CLARENCE, an Irish poet; born in Dublin, Ireland, May 1, 1803. His "German Anthology" was published in two volumes in 1845, a complete edition of his poems in New York in 1870, with a biographical introduction by John Mitchel. He died in Dublin, June 20, 1849.
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This bronze, manufactured by P. M. Parsons, England, for every purpose for which gun-metal has heretofore been employed, and for which object it constitutes an eminently superior alloy, is made by adding from 1 to 2 per cent manganese to the common bronzes of copper, tin, and zinc. It is largely used for propeller-blades, sheathing, bearings, piston-rings, etc., and is said to be 60 per cent stronger than gun-metal, and will wear three times as long. See BRONZE; BRASS. Manganese-copper is used as a strengthener to bronze and brass. The density, ductility, and tensile strength of the metal is increased, as it prevents the formation of copper and tin oxides. The alloy is made from copper 70, manganese 30, of which composition sufficient must be used to bring the mixture up to the required degree of hardness. A very hard bronze is made by using from 3 to 6 per cent. A suitable mixture for bearings would be copper 80, tin 6 1/2, zinc 4 1/2, manganese-copper 9. A hardness resembling steel is produced by increased quantities of cupro-manganese, or manganese-copper. See COPPER; BRONZE; BRASS.
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an ore of manganese, consisting of hydrated manganese exide, Mn2O3. H₂O. It occurs as orthorhombic crystals, dark steel-gray in color, with a metallic luster. Manganite is found in Alabama, Georgia, New Mexico, Germany, Scotland, Nova Scotia, etc.
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a disease of the skin occuring in dogs, horses, cattle, etc., and similar to the itch in human beings. MANGEL WURZEL. See MANGOLD WURZEL.
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JOSEPH, a general in command of the French forces in Tangier before the World War. He enjoyed remarkable success in training native soldiers, many fighting under him in northern France. In 1912, when El Hiba, Muley Youssef's rival, declared himself sultan, Mangin led his troops to Marakesh and rescued the French officers there. In 1916, in the Battle of Verdun, he captured Fort Douaumont from the Germans, but lost it again. In October Douaumont and Fort Vaux were regained, when the French assumed the offensive. In December General Mangin took Bezonveau Ridge, from which the Prussian Crown Prince had directed the fire on Verdun. In the spring of 1917, General Mangin, attacking ng in the Aisne sector, made important gains between Soissons and Rheims, but political "Defeatists" caused his removal to an obscure post. Clemenceau on accession to office sent Mangin back to the field. In the German drive of March, 1918, when the British Fifth Army was routed, Mangin's timely arrival saved the day. In July, In French and Americans, struck the first great blow of the Allies' offensive between Soissons and Château-Thierry, penetrating 6 miles on a 28-mile front.
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Polynemus paradiseus India as the tupsee. or longifilis, known in or 9 inches in length, and It is about 8 is found in the Bay of Bengal, ascending other rivers to a conthe Ganges and popular English siderable extent. Its to its beautiful yellow name has reference a ripe mango. color, resembling that of
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or MANGEL macro- WURZEL, Beta vulgaris, variety cultivated chiefly as fodder rhiza. It is The roots are used for food; for cattle. their comthey have sugar enough in extracted, as position to be profitably the case with ordinary beet. is MANGOSTAN,
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the fruit of Garcinia mangostana, a fruit an orange, filled with or about the size of . The tree bearing it grows a sweet pulp and is cultivated in South in Malacca, Tenasserim.
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