Macaw Tree
the name given to several species of trees of the genus Acrocomia, natives of tropical America, as A. fusiformis and A. sclerocarpa, the fruit of which last yields an oil of a yellowish color of the consistence of butter, with a sweetish taste and an odor of violets, used by the natives of the West Indies as an emollient in painful affections of the joints, and largely imported into Great Britain, where is sometimes sold as palm oil, to be used in the manufacture of toilet soaps.
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Macchiavelli
or MACHIA- VELLI, NICOLO (mak-i-a-vel'li), a Florentine statesman and historian; born in Florence, Italy, May 3, 1469. Ás secretary of the council named "The Ten," a post which he held for 14 years, 1498- 1512, he was one of the most prominent actors in the foreign and diplomatic affairs of the republic during that period. The great capacity for business and diplomacy which he showed led to his being employed on a great number of political missions, the most important of which were those to the King of France, to whom he was sent on four occasions; to the Popes Pius III. and Julius II., to Cæsar Borgia, in whose camp he passed three months; and to the Emperor Maximilian. On the restoration of the Medici, in 1512, Macchiavelli was banished, and in the following year he was arrested and subjected to torture on the charge of conspiracy against the Medici, but was soon pardoned and liberated. The next eight years he spent NICOLO MACCHIAVELLI in retirement and literary labors, ana was then again employed as ambassador. His principal works are: "Il Principe" (The Prince, 1532); "Storie Florentine" (Florentine History); "Discourses on the First Decate of Titus Livius"; "The Art of War;" and valuable reports of his negotiations. Letters, comedies, and other writings complete the six volumes 4to. of his works, which, both in point of matter and of style, stand in the highest rank of Italian literature. He died in Florence, Italy, June 22, 1527.
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Macclesfield
a town in Cheshire, England, near Manchester. Important textile and silk mills, and the coal mines in the vicinity make it an important manufacturing city. The city owns the water and gas works, as well as many quarries and markets. A free library and technical schools are supported by the municipality. Pop., about 35,000.
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MacDonald, George
George (1824-1905), a Scottish man of letters. He was born at Huntly in Aberdeenshire, and was educated at the University of Aberdeen. He was educated for what we should, in this country, call the Congregational ministry, but he joined the English Church and took up literature as a profession. MacDonald is the author of a number of juvenile books and poems and works of a religious nature. His reputation rests, however, on the novels dealing with Scottish character and scenery. Robert Falconer is considered his strongest work. Other novels are Annals of a Quiet Neighborhood, David Elginbrod, Malcolm, Alec Forbes, Marquis of Lossie, Salted with Fire, Sir Gibbie, Donal Grant, and Warlock of Glen Warlock.
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Macdonald, Sir John Alexander
Sir John Alexander (1815-1891), a Canadian statesman. He was born at Glasgow, Scotland, January 11, 1815, and died in Ottawa, Ontario, June 6, 1891. His parents removed to Canada when he was a mere child. He was educated at Kingston and was admitted to the bar in 1836. Eight years later he was elected to the Canadian Parliament, and remained ever afterward in government service. When the new constitution of Canada was adopted in 1867 he was made a member of the first cabinet, and was influential in promoting the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway. In his political affiliations, he was strongly attached to Great Britain and the crown. His reputation is that of a man of ability and integrity.
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Macedonian
pertaining to, or in any way connected with the teaching of Macedonius; as, the Macedonian heresy. The Macedonians in Church history were a sect which came into existence toward the end of the Arian controversy, taking its name from Macedonius, who became Patriarch of Constantinople in 341.
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Macer
one of a number of officers attending the Supreme Courts in Scotland, appointed by the crown. Their duty is to keep silence in the court, and execute the orders of the courts, if addressed to them. They hold their office for life, and are paid by salary.
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Macerata
a walled town of central Italy, picturesquely perched on an eminence (1,207 feet), 44 miles S. of Ancona; has a cathedral, a beautiful town hall of the 13th century, and manufactures of glass and pottery; the university (1290) had in 1917 about 340 students. Pop. about 25,000.. MacGAHAN MacGAHAN, JANUARIUS ALOY- and the SIUS, an American war correspondent; ment born near New Lexington, O., June 12, 1844. He was war correspondent of the New York "Herald" during the Franco- Prussian War (1870-1871); accompanied the Russian expedition against Khiva in 1873, and the Arctic expedition on the "Pandora" in 1875. He wrote: "Campaigning on the Oxus, and the Fall of Khiva" (1874); "Under the Northern Lights" (1876); "Turkish Atrocities in Bulgaria" (1876), which appeared originally during the same year as a famous series of war letters in the London "Daily News." He is regarded by the Bulgarians as the author of their independence. He died in Constantinople, June 9, 1878.
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Macgillycuddy Reeks
a group of rugged mountains in Ireland, in County Kerry, rising from the W. shores of the Lakes of Killarney, and covering an area of 28 square miles. Carran-Tual, the loftiest peak, not only of the Reeks, but in all Ireland, is 3,414 feet in height. Caper, the next in altitude, reaches 3,200 feet, and there are several others which exceed 2,500 feet.
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Mach
EDMUND (ROBERT OTTO), VON, a German writer and lecturer; born in Pomerania, Germany, in 1870, and came to America in 1891. Graduated from Harvard in 1895, and became instructor in fine arts there from 1899 to 1903. He is the author of several books dealing with Greek art and painting, as well as some which deal with the more modern artists of the 19th century. When the war of 1914 broke out in Europe he was one of the chief German apologists, writing several books explaining the German point of
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