Martin
EDWARD SANDFORD, an resembling the swallow. It builds a mud American journalist; born in "Willowbrook," Owasco Lake, N. Y., Jan. 2, 1856. He was graduated at Harvard College, in 1877, and was author of "Sly Ballades in Harvard China"; "A Little Brother of the Rich, and Other Poems"; "Windfalls of Observation"; "Reflection of a Beginning Husband" (1913); "The Unrest of Women" (1915); "The Diary of a Nation " (1917). He was for many years the chief editorial writer for "Life."
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Martin (HOMER DODGE an American artist)
HOMER DODGE, an American artist; born in Albany, N. Y., Oct. 28, 1836; was chiefly self -taught in painting; opened a studio in New York City in 1862; was elected a member of the National Academy of Design in 1875; and resided in France in 1882-1886 . While he was influenced somewhat by the Barbizon School of painters, no painter was more original than he. He succeeded in developing a style entirely his own, which was of so high a quality as to place him among the best known of American landscape painters. His best known works include "Landscape on the Seine"; "An Equinoctial Day"; "Brook in the Woods"; "In the Adirondacks"; "Sand Dunes on Lake Ontario"; "White Mountains , from Randolph Hill"; etc. He died in St. Paul , Minn., Feb. 12, 1897.
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Martin (II)
SIR THEODORE, an English biographer; born in Edinburgh , Scotland, Sept. 16, 1816. Married the actress Helen Faucit in 1851; was elected rector of the University of St. Andrews in 1880 . He made many excellent translations from Horace and Catullus, from Dante, from Goethe, Schiller, and Heine, and from mediæval ballads, epigrams, etc. On the completion of the "Life of the Prince Consort" (5 vols. 1874-1880), he was knighted. He died Aug. 18, 1909.
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Martin (III)
WILLIAM ALEXANDER PARSONS, an American educator; born in Livonia, Ind., April 10, 1827. A missionary originally at Ningpo, China (1850-1860), he founded and directed the Presbyterian mission at Peking, 1863- 1868; became Professor of International Law at Tungwên College, Peking, in 1868; president in 1869; was sent by China to the United States and Europe to report on methods of education in 1880- 1881. From 1898 to 1900 he was president of the Imperial University of Peking. He published in Chinese, " Evidences of Christianity" (1855); "The Three Principles" (1856); etc.; in English, "The Lore of Cathay, or the Intellect of China" (1901). He died in 1916.
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Martin (Migratory bird closely nest)
a migratory bird, closely nest under the eaves of houses and barns, but it differs from the swallow in having a conspicious white band across the lower back. The sand martin (H. riparia) is pale brown above and white below. It hollows out galleries in the banks, where it nests and breeds. The sand martin and the house martin are both birds of passage, arriving in spring and departing toward the end of summer. Cypselus apus, the swift, is sometimes called the black martin. The purple martin of America is Hirundo (or Progne) purpurea. The plumage of the male is almost wholly steel-blue; the female is duller in color above, brownish-gray beneath. The fairy martin of Australia is Hirundo ariel.
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Martin (RICCARDO an American tenor)
RICCARDO, an American tenor, born in 1878 in Kentucky and trained at Columbia University under MacDowell. After studying piano and voice culture abroad, in 1900 he established himself in New York as a teacher of singing. Later, in 1904, he studied abroad and made his first appearance in opera in Nantes. In the course of a few years he returned to America and became in 1907 a member of the Metropolitan Opera House in New York . Martin became Caruso's substitute when the latter journeyed to Monte Carlo in 1915. In later years he has appeared frequently at the Covent Garden Opera in London.
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Martin Chuzzlewit
a novel by Charles Dickens, produced in twenty monthly installments, 1843-1844, and published in book form in 1844. The central ideas of the story are hypocrisy and selfishness, and these characteristics are exemplified in Mr. Pecksniff and Jonas Chuzzlewit. Dickens himself said of the book that it was intended "to show how selfishness propagates itself, and to what a grim giant it may grow from small beginnings." The scene of the story is laid partly in America, exhibiting that side of American character which appealed to the author as ludicrous. Land "booming" and mushroom cities come in for a share of attention. Martin Chuzzlewit is ranked by some critics as Dickens' best novel. It is certain that some of its characters, such as Pecksniff, Mark Tapley, Sarah Gamp, and Betsy Prig are among his most vivid delineations. To the average reader, however, the story is not equal to David Copperfield , nor to Bleak House ; and, in the opinion of many, falls below Our Mutual Friend and Nicholas Nickleby .
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Martin's Ferry
a city in Belmont co., O.; on the Ohio river, on the Baltimore and Ohio, the Wheeling and Lake Erie, and the Pennsylvania railroads; almost opposite Wheeling, W. Va. It is located in an iron, bituminous coal, and limestone region; has waterworks, street railroads, iron and nail works, extensive tin mills, machine shops, large manufactories of glass, planing mills, stove works, etc. Pop. (1910) 9,133; (1920) 11,634.
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Martineau (HARRIET mar'tino an English)
HARRIET mar'tino), an English reformer, sister of James Martineau; born in Norwich, England, June 12, 1802. She visited the United States in 1834, aiding the abolitionists, and traveled in Palestine and the East in 1846. She wrote a series of stories based on political economy ( 1832). Among her more important works are: "Society in America " (1836); "Deerbrook" (1839), a novel; "History of England during the Thirty Years' Peace" (1848); ; "British Rule in India " (1857); "Biographical Sketches" (1869 ); etc. She died in Ambleside, Westmoreland, England, June 27, 1876.
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Martineau (JAMES an English clergyman)
JAMES, an English clergyman and writer, brother of Harriet Martineau; born in Norwich, England, April 21, 1805. He was educated at the Norwich Grammar School , Dr. Lant Carpenter's school at Bristol, and Manchester New College, York . He became in 1841 Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy in Manchester New College . In 1857 he removed to London, and was minister of Little Portland Street Chapel from 1859 to 1872. In 1868 he was appointed principal of Manchester New College (which from 1853 had been in London). He was author of "The Rationale of Religious Inquiry" (1837 ); "Miscellanies" (1852); "Studies of Christianity" (1858); "Essays Philosophical and Theological" (1868); "Modern Materialism " (1876); "A Study of Spinoza" ( 1882); "A Study of Religion" (2 vols. 1887), and many other works on kindred topics. He died in London, Jan. 11, 1900.
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