Each of these 10 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a west African territory belonging to France. The population consists mostly of Moors who are nomads. These live in groups, driving their flocks wherever they can find water. Salt is found in considerable quantities.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Emperor of Constantinople; born in Cappadocia, in A. D. 539. His reign of 20 years was occupied almost constantly with wars-wars with the Persians, terminated by the defeat of Bahram, and the restoration of Chosroes in 591; and wars with the Avars, which lasted from 592-599 . In 599 Comentiolis was defeated, and an immense number of his troops captured by the Avars, who, on the refusal of Mauricius to ransom them, put them all to death. In 602 a mutiny broke out in the army on the Danube, Phocas was proclaimed emperor, and Mauricius, with his five sons, was murdered at Chalcedon.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in ancient history, a country or kingdom of northern Africa, embracing nearly all the points now known as Fez, with parts of Algeria and Morocco; bounded on the N. by the Mediterranean ; S. by Getulia or Libya; E. by Numidia ; and W. by the Atlantic Ocean.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
or MAVROCOR- Fana- DATOS (mäv-rō-kor-dä'tos), a riote family, distinguished for ability and political influence , and descended stantinople. ALEXANDER MAUROCORDATOS from Greek merchants of Chios and Con- (1637-1709) studied medicine in Italy, and rendered valuable service in the neately following years, his labors finding their culmination in the treaty of Carlovitz (1699). For some time after that he was one of a triumvirate in whose hands all power in the Ottoman empire rested . ALEXANDER MAUROCORDATOS , born in Constantinople, Feb. 15, 1791 , took an active part in the Greek struggle for liberty, and prepared the declaration of independence and the plan of a provisional government, being himself elected president of the executive body. Then he undertook in 1822 an expedition to Epirus, which ended in the unsuccessful battle of Peta; but he saved the Peloponnesus by his resolute defense of Missolonghi (1822-1834). He died in Ægina, Aug. 18 , gotiations with Austria of the immedi- 1865.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
MATTHEW FONTAINE, an American scientist; born in Spottsylvania co., Va., June 14, 1806; joined the United States navy in 1825; met with an accident in 1839 which crippled him for life, and was then given charge of the Hydrographic Office in Washington. In 1844, when that office was united with the Naval Observatory, he became super- . intendent. In 1861 he resigned his post; entered the Confederate navy ; established the naval submarine battery service at Richmond; and was engaged in Europe in perfecting a torpedo system till the end of the war. In 1865 he went to Mexico, was appointed a member of Maximilian's cabinet, and was sent to Europe on a special mission by the emperor. After Maximilian's fall he resumed his scientific and literary work. In 1871 he accepted the presidency of the University of Alabama. His scientific works include "Navigation "; "Physical Geography" (1855); ; etc. He died in Lexington, Va., Feb. 1, 1873 .
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Matthew Fontaine (1806-1873), an American geographer. He was a native of Virginia. He entered the United States navy in 1825. On a trip around the world in the United States frigate Vincennes he wrote the greater part of a textbook on navigation still in use. In 1839 he was lamed by an accident and was detailed to the hydrographical office at Washington, with the rank of lieutenant. In matters pertaining to the ocean he was the foremost student of the day. He wrote a Physical Geography of the Sea, special treatises on the Gulf Stream , ocean currents, great circle sailing , a series of geographical textbooks for common schools , and a series of sailing charts for mariners. He was instrumental in calling a maritime conference at Brussels. At the outbreak of the Civil War he sacrificed the advantage of his position, joined the Confederates, and drifted finally into the service of the ill-fated Maximilian of Mexico. His later days were passed at Virginia Military Institute as professor of physics. See Geography
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
A king of Caria. His wife Artemisia was very disconsolate at his death, and erected one of the grandest monuments of antiquity to perpetuate his memory. This famous building, which was deemed to be one of the seven wonders of the world , was called Mausoleum, which name has been since applied to other grand sepulchral monuments. Maximinus, Caius Julius Verus. The son of a peasant of Thrace. He entered the Roman armies, where he gradually rose till he was proclaimed emperor A. D. 235. He ruled with great cruelty, and was eventually killed by his own soldiers. He was of immense size and strength, and was able to break the hardest stones between his fingers.
Only in 1000 Classical Characters
aniline purple, or Perkin's purple, the sulphate of the base mauveine occurring in commerce in crystalline masses, as a paste , and in solution. It is soluble in water, and dyes silk and wood a beautiful purple color. MAVROCORDATOS. See MAUROCOR-
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
SIR DOUGLAS, British- Australian Antarctic explorer and geologist; born in Bradford, England, in 1882. While still young he went to Australia, where he was educated at the Universities of Sydney and Adelaide, receiving the degree of D. Sc. in 1909 from the latter institution. He was one of the members of the scientific staff of the Shackleton South Polar Expedition, and reached and determined the position of the south magnetic pole on Victoria Land. From 1911 to 1914 he commanded the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, making many discoveries of unknown land and gathering extensive and valuable scientific data. For his services in connection with this expedition, he was knighted in 1914. In the following year successful lecture tour he made a through the United States covering his Antarctic experiences. Besides many scientific papers, he has also published "The Home of the Blizzard."
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
MAR- CUS AURELIUS VALERIUS, a Roman emperor, the son of Maximianus Herculius. He declared himself emperor in 306. He was opposed to Galerius Maximianus, who was defeated, and slew himself. Maxentius then marched into Africa, where he became odious by his cruelties. Constantine afterward defeated him in Italy, and he was drowned in crossing the Tiber, in 312.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia