Maximalists
a group of Russian revolutionists who operated during the revolutionary disturbances in Russia during 1905 and later. They were a very secret organization, a branch of the Social Revolutionists, who deliberately adopted a policy of acquiring funds for revolutionary purposes by robbing government offices, banks, etc. They would openly attack messengers carrying funds in the streets of large cities, not hesitating to kill where resistance was offered. Eventually their operations were much hampered by the precautions taken by the government officials. This group fighting was closely allied with the " arm" of the Social Revolutionary Organization, whose members adopted terrorist measures. The word "Maximalist" has sometimes been applied to the Bolsheviki, but this is through an error of MAXIMIANUS translation, the Bolsheviki being Social Democrats, and having nothing in common with the Social Revolutionists.
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Maximinus
CAIUS JULIUS VERUS, a Roman emperor. He was of barbarian origin, and was at first a shepherd in Thrace. His capacity for fighting procured him rapid advancement, and under Alexander Severus he had the command of a legion with which he served on the Rhine. In A. D. 235 he took part in a conspiracy against Alexander, and on his murder by the soldiers was proclaimed emperor. The Gordiani having been proclaimed in Africa, Maximinus hastened to Italy and laid siege to Aquileia, which made heroic resistance to the hated tyrant. He was there murdered by his soldiers, together with his son in 238.
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Maximus
MAGNUS, a Roman emperor, and a Spaniard. He was general of the Roman army in Britain, where he proclaimed himself emperor in 383. Gratian marched against him, but was defeated and assassinated. Maximus, having made himself master of Gaul, Britain, and Spain, fixed the seat of his empire at Treves. He next marched into Italy, where he committed dreadful cruelties, but was at last besieged in Aquileia by the Emperor Theodosius. His soldiers delivered him up to Theodosius, who then caused him to be beheaded, in 388.
PETRONIUS, a noble Roman, who became emperor in 455. In less than three months afterward he was slain in the streets for attempting to fly on the appearance of the fleet of Genseric, King of the Vandals. MAX MÜLLER. See MÜLLER, F. M.
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May Apple
the fruit of Podophyllum peltatum, a ranunculaceous plant growing in the East. It is a low herbaceous p plant, having the white flowers hidden by by the overshadowing broad leaves. Also Passiflora incarnata, which has sweet-scented flowers variegated with purple. The fruit is of the size of an apple, but orange-colored, with a
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Mayaguez
the third largest city in Porto Rico, situated on the western coast of the island. The shallow roadstead of the harbor prevents its general use by any but small steamers. While the industries are small and unimportant a considerable amount of coffee is shipped to the United States from this port. Pop. (1920) 19,069.
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Mayas
(See Mexico and Central America .) Mayavi-rupa is the invisible part of the physical body. Its appearance is exactly similar to that of the physical body. (See Seven Principles, Rupa, Theosophy .)
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Mayenne
a French department formed out of the old provinces of Maine and Anjou, now containing the arrondissements of Laval, Château-Gontier, and Mayenne; area, 1,986 square miles; pop. about 300,000. The valleys of the Mayenne, Vilaine, and Sarthe are fairly fertile, and yield wheat, barley, flax, potatoes, hemp, and fruit (especially apples for cider). Cattle breeding, coal and slate mining, and cotton spinning and weaving are the other chief industries. Chief town, Laval. The town of Mayenne, on the Mayenne river, 78 miles S. by W. of Caen, has a picturesque ruined castle (taken by the English in 1424), steep narrow streets, and manufactures of calico and linen.
a river in N. W. France; after a course of 127 miles in a S. direction, joining the Sarthe at Angers, to It is navigable up to Laval.
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Mayer
ALFRED MARSHALL, an American physicist; born in Baltimore, Md., Nov. 13. 1836. From 1871 till his death he was Professor of Physics in Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N. J. Besides his editorial work on the "American Journal of Science," and numerous contributions to other journals, he published "The Earth a Great Magnet" (1872); "Light" (1877); form the Maine, a tributary of the Loire. "Sound" (1878); "Sport with Gun and Rod in American Woods and Waters" (1883); "Researches on the Röntgen Rays" (1896), etc. He died in Maplewood, N. J., July 13, 1897.
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Mayfair
a fashionable neighbor.. hood at the "W "West End" of London, adjoining Belgravia.
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Mayfield
a county-seat of Graves co., Ky., 25 miles S. of Paducah, on the Illinois Central railroad. Has large THE MAYFLOWER clothing and tobacco factories. Incorporated 1826, has mayor and council of one chamber. Pop. (1910) 5,916; (1920) 6,583.
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Maynard
BELVIN W., LIEUT., American aeronaut. Formerly pastor of Baptist church in Clinton, N. C. En- MAYNOOTH tered air service when United States declared war. One of the winners in the New York to Toronto and return aerial race in 1919. Winner in transcontinental flight, October 1919, making the flight from Mineola, L. I., to San Francisco in 25 hours. In 1920 became special secretary of Y. M. C. A., Brooklyn, at the same time giving much attention to flying.
town of Middlesex co., Mass., on the Assabet river, Boston and Maine railroad, 10 miles S. E. of Marlboro, and 28 miles N. W. of Boston. Has large woolen and powder mills, and abundant water power, which is controlled by the city. Pop. (1910) 6,390; (1920) 7,086.
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Mayonnaise
a thick cold sauce for salads, cold meat, poultry, fish, vegetables, etc., made of the yolks of eggs, salad oil and vinegar, with a little salt, cayenne pepper, and jelly; it is sometimes colored red with powdered lobster coral, or green with spinach or parsley.
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Mayor
the chief magistrate of a city or corporate town.
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Mayotte
or MAYOTTA (mä-yot'tä), an island in the Indian Ocean, one of the Comoros, at the N. E. entrance of the Mozambique Channel, and a French colony; length, about 30 miles; breadth, 20 miles; area, 140 square miles; pop. about 15,000. Some of its volcanic peaks are nearly 2,000 feet high.
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