Mazzini, Giuseppe
mat-see'nee, Giuseppe (1808-1872), an Italian patriot. He was born at Genoa and died at Pisa. He was educated at the University of Genoa and entered upon the practice of law in his native city. He was an ardent republican, and desired to see the petty states into which Italy was cut up united in an Italian republic. He became a member of the secret society known as the Carbonari. In 1830 he was arrested by the monarchical government of Piedmont as a conspirator, but was released for want of proof. He then left Italy and resided in Marseilles, Paris, and London, keeping up a correspondence with the agitators in Italy. He founded a secret political society known as Young Italy. In 1848, the year of revolutions, he returned to Italy and established a short-lived republic in the city of Rome, then a papal state. In the following year he again went into exile. He was the terror of rulers. He organized insurrections in Mantua in 1852; Milan in 1853; and in Genoa in 1857. When unification came finally in the expansion of Victor Emmanuel's kingdom of Piedmont to include all Italy, Mazzini held back. He desired a republic. He even organized a republican insurrection at Palermo in 1870; but the government, remembering his earlier service for a united Italy, treated him leniently. His name is associated in history with that of Garibaldi. See Italy ; Cavour ; Emmanuel; Garibaldi
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Mcadoo
WILLIAM GIBBS, born at Marietta, Ga., Oct. 31, 1863. For a number of years he practiced law in New WILLIAM G. MCADOO York and then in 1902 became president of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company. His company constructed in 1904 the first tunnel under the Hudson river, a remarkable achievement in engineering and due in great measure to McAdoo's energy and skill. His management of the company's finances caused him to be recognized as one of the great financiers of the United States. He was prominent in the Democratic National Convention in 1912 and later in the campaign which elected Woodrow Wilson President. On March 4, 1913, the President appointed McAdoo Secretary of the Treasury, a post which he held until his resignation in 1919. Mc- Adoo's task of managing the nation's finances during the struggle with Germany was performed with the same untiring energy which had characterized his private enterprises. The floating of the " Liberty Loans " and the huge sums raised by taxation were accomplished with but little opposition from the people, and the success of his financial measures made him a leading candidate for the Democratic nomination for the Presidency.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mcalester
a city in Oklahoma at the junction of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas with the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroads. As there are extensive coal mines in the region, the city's chief industry is coke making and iron manufacture. Pop. (1910) 12,954; (1920) 12,095. MacALESTER COLLEGE, a coeducational institution in St. Paul, Minn.; founded in 1885 under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 23; students, 485. President, E. A. Bess.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mcall Mission
the largest Protestant mission in France; founded in 1871 by the Rev. Robert Whitaker McAll (1822-1893) and his wife. It possesses more than 40 stations (about 15 in Paris), and is supported by Protestant Christians of all denominations in Great Britain and the British colonies, and the United States. Portuguese
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mcburney
CHARLES, an American surgeon; born in Roxbury, Mass., Feb. 17, 1845; was graduated at Harvard College in 1866; and at the Columbia Medical School in 1870. He was Professor of Surgery in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, and consulting surgeon at St. Luke's, the Presbyterian, the New York Orthopedic, and other hospitals. When President McKinley was shot Dr. McBurney was summoned as consulting surgeon. He died in 1913.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mccall
SAMUEL WALKER, Governor of Massachusetts 1916-1918; born at East Providence, Pa., 1851, and graduated from Dartmouth 1874. He was admitted to the bar in Boston in 1876, and later became the editor of the Boston "Daily Advertiser." In 1893 he began a long career as a member of Congress from the eighth Massachusetts district, holding the office continuously for twenty years. Mr. McCall has written several important works, notably his biography of Thaddeus Stevens, in the American Statesman Series, and his "Life of Thomas B. Reed."
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mccarl
J. R., was appointed Comptroller General of the United States for fifteen years, in accordance with the provision of the Budget Act of 1920. His chief duty is to head the General Counting Office. Through his efforts Congress is able to keep in its hands the control of Federal expenditures. Mr. McCarl is a native of Nebraska. MAINE. The Legislature, in May, 1923, voted to return to the Southern States the Confederate battle flags captured by Maine troops in the Civil War.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Mcclernand
JOHN ALEXAN- DER, an American soldier and lawyer; born in Breckenridge co., Ky., May 30, 1812; admitted to the bar in 1832; in same year volunteered against the Sae member of the and Fox Indians; was Illinois Legislature in 1837-1842; and of Congress, 1843-1851; re-elected in 1858. At the commencement of the Civil War he joined the Union forces and was made a Brigadier-General of volunteers. For his services at Fort Donelson he was promoted Major-General. He also took part in the battle of Belmont and led a division at Shiloh. He relieved Sherman in command of the army before Vicksburg in 1863. He led the 13th Army Corps till July, 1863, and resigned in November, 1864. He was district judge for the Sangamon, Ill., district in 1870-1873. He died in Springfield, Ill., Sept. 20, 1900. MacCLINTOCK, SIR FRANCIS LEO- POLD, a British naval officer and Arctic explorer; born in Dundalk, Ireland, of his career in 1819. At an early period eriod he devoted his attention to the problem of the Arctic N. W. passage, and succeeded, in the course of several voyages to the North Pole, in making many and important discoveries, besides ascertain- . He ing the fate of Sir John Franklin wrote "Narrative of the Discovery of the Fate of Sir John Franklin and His Companions" (1860). He was commander-in-chief of the North American and West Indian Station in 1879-1882; was knighted in 1891. He died Nov. 17, 1907.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia