Medellin
(1) a town of Spain, on the Guadiana, 66 miles E. of Badajoz; the birthplace of Cortes. (2) The second city of Colombia, capital of the department of Antioquia, in a lovely mountain valley, 4,850 feet above the sea, and 150 miles N. W. of Bogota; is a handsome town, having a cathedral, college, seminary, technical school, and manufactures of pottery, porcelain ware, cigarettes, and jewelry; has a consider able trade, exporting gold and silver; pop. about 71,000.
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Medes
medz, an ancient people who occupied what is now northeastern Persia. They appear in history as the opponents of the Assyrians. They took Nineveh 606 B. C., but were themselves subjected by the Persians about 549 B. C. From that date the history of Media is bound up with that of Persia. The Medes appear to have been a warlike people. They worshiped the sun the moon, Venus, fire, earth, winds, and water. See Persia
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Medford
a city in Middlesex co., Mass .; on the Mystic river, and on the Boston and Maine railroad; 5 miles N. W. of Boston . There are Tuft's College, a high school, public library, electric light and street railroad plants, waterworks, and the Craddock House, said to be the oldest building in the United States. The city has brick yards, machine shops, dye works, large fruit works, and boot and shoe, and carriage factories. Pop. ( 1910) 23,150; (1920) 39,038.
a town in Jackson co., Ore ., 5 miles E. of Jacksonville, on the Southern Pacific and other railroads. Has U. S. Weather Bureau Station and five public buildings . Center of a rich agricultural district, and is adjacent to the National park. Has large refining industries and cityowned waterworks. Pop. (1910) 8,840; ( 1920) 5,756.
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Medical Jurisprudence
that branch of state medicine which is concerned with the administration of justice.
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Medicine Hat
capital of the electoral division of Medicine H Hat, Alberta, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan river, Canadian Pacific railway, 165 miles S. E. of Calgary. Seat of Dominion Land Office. Has coal mines, gas wells, railway machine shop, grain elevator, and planing mills. Pop. about 7,500. mportant per-
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Medicine Man
an imp sonage among the Indian tribes who combines the powers of a wizard, necromancer, seer and prophet.
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Medjidie
Turkish a order of knighthood, instituted in 1852. It has been conferred on numerous foreign officers, soldiers, and seamen, who have taken part in wars on behalf of Turkey. Also a Turkish coin, value about $4.50 (gold); silver, about 80c.
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Medulla
a medical term for marrow. It exists chiefly in the central canal, in the long bones; blood-vessels, and even nerves, have been traced going in for the nutrition of the osseous tissue.
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Medulla Oblongata
the cranial prolongation of the spinal cord, of similar structure, but differing by a peculiar arrangement of the strands of the cord before entering into and forming a connection with the brain. In it are found the great ganglionic centers which control respiration, deglutition, vomiting, etc. Pressure of the medulla oblongata and not strangulation is the actual cause of death in judicial hanging. It is formed of two lateral columns, each divided into three smaller ones, and passes through the pons Varolii, terminating in the crura cerebelli.
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Meeanee
or MIANI (mē-ä'nē), a village in Sind, India, on the Indus, 6 miles N. of Hyderabad. It was the scene of a battle between Sir Charles Napier with 2,800 men and a Baluch army, 22,- 000 strong, on Feb. 17, 1843; the latter British loss was 256. The result of this were totally routed, losing 5,000 men; the victory was the conquest and annexation of Sind.
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Meehan, Thomas
me'an, Thomas (1826-1901), a celebrated American gardener. He was born near London, the son of an English gardener. He was employed in the Kew Gardens for two years. In 1848 he came to Philadelphia to take charge of Bartram's Gardens, now a part of the public park system of that city. Six years later he established the celebrated Germantown nurseries. He was for thirty years the editor of the Gardener's Monthly. In 1878 he began to publish The Native Flowers and Ferns of the United States . He founded Meehan' s Monthly in 1891. He was a member of various learned societies, and held the office of state botanist of Pennsylvania. He was a strong believer in the theory of evolution as applied to plants, and was a remarkably successful breeder of new varieties. See Burbank
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Meerut
or more correctly
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Meg Merrilies
mer'i-lez, in Scott's Guy Mannering, a half insane gypsy who plays a most picturesque and effective part in the romance. She is devoted to the Bertrams, and is wounded fatally while, trying to restore Henry Bertram to his rights as heir of Godfrey Bertram, Laird of Ellangowan. In the dramatization of the novel, Charlotte Cushman became famous in the role of Meg Merrilies.
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Megalonyx
a genus of large, sloth-like edentates from the post- Pliocene of North America. It has the same dental formula as Megatherium and Mylodon. The fore limbs are shorter than the hind limbs, and the calcaneum is excessively long. The animal was named in 1797 by Jefferson, President of the United States, who thought the remains were those of a gigantic carnivore at least five feet in height. Cuvier was the first to recognize Megalonyx as an edentate.
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Megalosaurus
a gigantic Oölitic reptile of the Deinosauria (Orthoscelida, Huxley), occurring also in the Weald Clay. Its length has been variously estimated from 40 to 50 feet. Owen says that some of the remains "indicate a reptile of at least 30 feet in length." As the cylindrical bones contain medullary cavities, it is clear that Megalosaurus was terrestrial. That it was carnivorous is evidenced by the teeth. The oldest known beds from which any remains of Megalosaurus have been obtained are at the Lower Oölites at Selsby Hill and Chipping Norton, Gloucestershire, England.
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Megalotis
a genus of Candidæ, differing from other members of the family in its dental formula, which approximates to that of the Civets. It contains but a single species, M. lalandii, the long-eared fox.
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Megaphone
an instrument invented Thomas by A. Edison for carrying the sound of the voice long distances without the aid of wires.
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