Motion Study
a method employed by exponents of some of the many efficiency systems, now in existence, in which the motions which a worker makes in performing a routine operation are recorded and studied. A motion study of a process is usually made in conjunction with a time study of the same process. After the motions of several operatives doing the same work are recorded, a study is made and a process which is theoretically the best way of performing the given task is designed and given to the worker to follow. The early studies were made by means of a split second stop-watch, and a recording board. The modern method is to use a high-speed motion-picture camera, and include a large second-indicating clock in the picture. When the film is slowly projected, it gives a complete and easily consulted record of the process. While great improvements in the methods of doing many processes have been made as a result of motion study, because of the fact that an effort is sometimes made to standardize the human factor, it is a dangerous thing in inexperienced hands, and the ill-advised use of the stop-watch has undoubtedly been the cause of many labor disputes. an
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Motion Work
The wheels of a watch or clock which cause the hour hand to travel one-twelfth as fast as the minute hand.
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Motley
JOHN LOTHROP, American historian; born in Dorchester, Mass., April 15, 1814; was educated at Harvard University and Göttingen, Germany; published ed two novels called "Morton's Hope" (1839) and "Merry Mount" (1849). Entered political life as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He published, after 10 years' labor, "History of the Rise of the Dutch Republic" in 1856; "History of the United Netherlands" (1860-1865); and the "Life and Death of John of Barneveld" (1874). He was minister from the United States to Austria in 1861-1867, and to Great Britain in 1869-1870. He died in Dorchester, England, May 29, 1877.
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Moton
ROBERT RUSSA, American educator; born in Virginia, Aug. 26, 1867. Graduated at Hampton Institute, 1890: Officer of Hampton Institute, 1890-1915. Succeeded Booker T. Washington to the presidency of Tuskegee Institute, Dec. 20, 1915. Secretary Negro School Fund Board since 1908. President of the Negro Organization since Society 1912. Trustee Meigs, Ala., People's le's Village School, Mt. and of the Home for Colored Girls, Peake, Va. Chairman of the executive committee of the National Negro Business Men's League, 1917. Major of the Hampton Battalion for 10 years. Author "Racial Good Will" (1916).
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Motono
ICHIRO, BARON, Japanese statesman; born in the ken of Saga in 1862, he was sent as a student to France, and on his return his knowledge of foreign languages and customs gave him a position in the government. He was appointed to a position in the Foreign office in 1890, and in 1896 accompanied as First Secretary the Japanese Ambassador to Russia. In 1898 he became Minister to Belgium, in 1901 Minister to France, and in 1906 Ambassador to Russia. In 1907 he received the title of baron, and later represented Japan at The Hague. He resided in Paris during the World War and died there in 1918.
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Motril
town and port in Granada, Spain, 32 miles S. E. of Granada. Its industries include foundries, sugar refineries, potteries, and soap works. Calahonda and roadstead of Baradero constitute port. Pop. about 20,000.
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Motte
FORT, a Revolutionary fort, on the Congaree river, S. C., about 33 miles below Columbia.
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Mottl
FELIX, an Austrian musician and conductor; born in 1856. Studied in the Conservatory of Vienna, and in 1881 became the court chapel master at Karlsruhe and conducted the philharmonic concerts there for the next ten years. From 1903-1911 he was general music director at Munich. In 1903-1904 he visited America and conducted in the Metropolitan Opera House, New York. During his lifetime in addition to numerous single compositions he wrote two operas, "Agnes Bernauer" (1880) and "Fürst und Sänger" (1892). Died in 1911.
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Mottled Iron
The variety of pig iron which is evidently between the two extremes of white and gray. The fracture shows a decided mottle, seemingly caused by the distribution of detached portions of white iron throughout a matrix of gray iron. Pig iron is termed high or low mottle, according to the proportion of white iron present in the pig. See GRAY IRON; WHITE IRON; CAST IRON.
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Mouflon
MOUFFLON, or MUF- FLON, a wild species of sheep, formerly common in Spain, now restricted to Corsica and Sardinia. It is about the size of a common sheep, brownish-gray in color, with a dark dorsal streak, and a varying amount of white on the face and legs. Horns are present in the males only, and the tail is very short.
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Moulding
The art of preparing moulds from plastic materials of such a nature as will successfully resist the intense heat of molten metal,--as loam or sand,--in which may be formed the object to be produced in metal, the process being completed when the metal has been melted, run into the mould, and solidified. True, there are moulds used for special purposes in iron-casting other than those composed of sand; as for instance, rolls, car-wheels, etc., which require to be chilled in parts. This is accomplished by providing smooth cast-iron surfaces for the metal to lie against. Again, castings in zinc, lead, tin, or alloys made from these metals are frequently cast in moulds composed entirely of either brass or iron; by this means the castings are not only a true duplicate of each other, but are made much cheaper. For flexible moulds, see GLUE-MOULDS and ELASTIC MOULDS; also, "The Iron Founder" and "The Iron Founder Supplement," in which works the whole art of moulding is comprehensively set forth. Moulding in Dry Sand.--See DRY-SAND MOULDING. Moulding in Loam.--See LOAM-MOULDING.
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Moulding-sand
See FACING-SAND. Moulding-tools.-Broadly speaking, moulding-tools consist of every foundry equipment necessary to make moulds with, including shovel, brushes, riddles, clamps, wedges, parallels, level, compass, vent-rods, gaggers, rammers, etc.; but the more artistic class, used for finishing the moulds with, are the ones usually recognized as moulding-tools. A full description of these, with instructions for using them, will be found at their respective places throughout this work. Moulds for Steel.--See STEEL CASTINGS; INGOT-MOULDS.
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